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Author: Arvind × End date: 2018 × Start date: 2010 ×
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Molecular characterization and management of Tyrophagus putrescentiae (Schrank) in button mushroom, Agaricus bisporus (Lange)
    (CCSHAU, 2018) Arvind; Gulati, Rachna
    Molecular characterization of acaricide susceptible, resistant and untreated Tyrophagus putrescentiae on mushroom clusters having a similarity coefficient of 0.45. Cluster one was represented by untreated (control) and resistant population sharing a similarity coefficient of 0.68 where as the cluster 2 was represented by susceptible population alone. Preliminary primers screening produced 22 polymorphic bands (70.96% polymorphism) and 9 monomorphic bands (29.03%). Methanolic seed and leaf extracts of P. pinnata showed acaricidal activity against T. putrescentiae. In Direct spray and Treated arena bioassay method, maximum mortality of 82, 76 % and 75.33, 63.33% was observed at 1.0 % concentration of seed and leaf extract, respectively. Both the extracts were equally effective against T. putrescentiae when direct spray on mites was done. The mortality was 59.63 and 58.15 percent in seed and leaf extract spray, respectively. Under Treated arena bioassay, seed extract was statistically more effective against T. putrescentiae (52.22 % mortality) as compared to leaf extract (43.56 % mortality). The LC50 value in Direct spray Treated arena bioassay method was 0.77, 0.63 and 0.85 and 0.64% in leaf and seed extract of P. pinnata. Among the solvents, hexane was most potent as 8, 5.66 and 0.33 mites were recovered from 0.5, 1 and 1.5 percent concentration after 36 h as compared to 38.66 mites in control. Bioefficacy studies conducted in compost bags under direct spray showed that among the treatments, Propargite (0.05%) significantly was more effective in reducing T. putrescentiae number (0.78 mites) than P. pinnata leaf extract at 0.752% (30 mites), 0.852% (18.89 mites) and 0.952% (12.22 mites) concentrations. P. pinnata seed extract at 0. 738% reduced the population to 5.88 mites which was at par with Propargite treatment.The role of T. putrescentiae as vector of dry bubble and green mould disease caused by fungus Verticillium fungicola and Trichoderma harzianum, respectively was also ascertained during the present study. V. fungicola reared T. putrescentiae population on Agaricus bisporus spread the disease within 8 days culture plates and fruiting bodies. Similarly, T. harzianum reared T. putrescentiae population on Agaricus bisporus spread the green mould disease to culture plates and fruiting bodies.A peak in population (47.40, and 60.80 mites) on V. fungicola and T. harzianum was recorded after 12 and 14 days, respectively which was statistically higher than the mites recorded at other observation periods.