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Author: Ankit × Start date: 1992 × Type: Thesis × Thesis Type: M.Sc ×
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Analyzing spectro-thermal characteristics and their relationship with yield in mustard
    (CCSHAU, Hisar, 2023-08) Ankit; Anurag
    Field experiment entitled “Analyzing spectro-thermal characteristics and their relationship with yield in mustard” was conducted during rabi season (2022-23) at Department of Agricultural Meteorology, CCS HAU, Hisar located at 29º 10´ N latitude, 75º 46´ E longitude and 215.2 m altitude. The experiment was put in a randomized complete block design and comprised of two irrigation environments viz. irrigated and non-irrigated and three sub plot treatments comprising three varieties viz. V1 (RH 725), V2 (RH 749) and V3 (RH 761) and with four replications. Results revealed that Irrigated crop and RH 749 took a greater number of days to attain physiological maturity in the crop season. Highest GDD, HTU and PTU were recorded in irrigated conditions and RH 749 from seedling emergence to physiological maturity during the crop season. The spectral reflectance in blue, green and red band was observed maximum under non-irrigated conditions except NIR band. All the spectral indices i.e., NDVI, EVI, IPVI, DVI, Green NDVI, MSAVI2, WBI and NDWI were observed maximum in irrigated conditions except GRVI. All the greenness-based indices (Green NDVI, GRVI, DVI, IPVI and NDWI) were significantly correlated with yield during the early stages of crop growth whereas, all the water-based indices (WBI, MSAVI2 and NDWI) were significantly correlated with yield during the later stages of crop. Highest regression coefficient with spectral indices was recorded with yield followed by the crop canopy temperature, leaf area index and dry matter. Higher plant height was recorded in irrigated crop and RH 761 variety during the crop season. Maximum dry matter was observed in irrigated conditions and RH 749 during the crop season. Maximum LAI and chlorophyll content were recorded in irrigated crop and RH 761 and RH 749 respectively, during the crop season. LAI and chlorophyll content increased with the advancement of crop growth stages and reached maximum at 50 % flowering stage and then gradually decreased up to physiological maturity. Test weight, number of siliquae per plant, number of seeds per siliquae, seed yield, straw yield, biological yield and harvest index were observed highest in irrigated conditions during the crop seasons.
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Effect of different cropping systems on organic carbon fractions in soils of district Hisar, Haryana
    (CCS HAU, Hisar, 2022-08) Ankit; Dhram Prakash
    A study on effect of different cropping systems on organic carbon fractions in soils of district Hisar, Haryana was conducted. From different cropping systems viz., rice-wheat, cotton-wheat, pearl millet-wheat and pearl millet-mustard, total 80 surface soil samples (20 from each cropping system) were collected from farmer’s fields after the harvest of rabi crops during the month of April, 2022 and were analyzed for soil pH, EC, soil organic carbon fractions, available macro and micro nutrients, microbial biomass and soil enzyme activities. The lowest soil pH (7.8) and EC (0.55 dS m-1) were found under rice-wheat cropping system. The soil organic carbon, total organic carbon and dissolved organic carbon were found higher (0.56%, 0.68% and 33.17 mg kg-1) under rice-wheat cropping system, however, these were lower (0.39%, 0.49% and 24.11 mg kg-1) under pearl millet-mustard cropping system. The very labile and labile carbon content were observed higher under cotton-wheat (0.23%) and pearl millet-wheat (0.14%) cropping system, respectively. Less labile (0.31%) and recalcitrant carbon (0.13%) were found higher in soils under rice-wheat cropping system. Relatively less labile carbon was significantly higher (44.70% of TOC) in soils under rice-wheat cropping system than other three cropping systems. The available nitrogen (155.9 kg ha-1), phosphorus (54.3 kg ha-1), potassium (354.0 kg ha-1) and sulphur (59.3 kg ha-1) were observed higher in cotton-wheat, rice-wheat, pearl millet-wheat and cotton-wheat, respectively. Zinc (Zn), iron (Fe), manganese (Mn) and copper (Cu) micronutrient content were found higher under rice-wheat cropping system. The highest microbial biomass carbon (MBC) and nitrogen (MBN) were also observed under rice-wheat cropping system. The MBC and MBN content of rice-wheat cropping system were higher by 19.59% and 17.93%; 18.99% and 32.19% higher over pearl millet-wheat and cotton-wheat cropping system, respectively. The dehydrogenase, alkaline phosphatase and urease activity were also found highest under rice-wheat cropping system. Soil organic carbon content showed a positive and significant impact on nutrient availability (N, P, S, Fe, Mn and Zn content) and microbiological properties (MBC, MBN, dehydrogenase, urease, alkaline phosphatase activity) in soils under different cropping systems.