Thumbnail Image

Theses

Browse

20183
Reset filters
Subject: Zoology × End date: 2018 × Start date: 2018 × Type: Thesis × Thesis Type: M.Sc ×
Reset filters

Search Results

Now showing 1 - 3 of 3
  • Thumbnail Image
    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Effect of heavy metals on bio-molecules and immune cells of earthworm, Eudrilus eugeniae
    (CCSHAU, 2018) Renu; Dharambir Singh
    Earthworms are important components of the soil ecosystem, because their burrowing and feeding activities contribute notably to increase water infiltration, soil aeration and the stabilization of soil aggregates. Recent years have witnessed the contamination of soil ecosystem by heavy metals, which are considered as one of the major environmental issue. Presence of heavy metals in the soil environment adversely affects the earthworm populations resulting in an imbalance of the normal functioning of the various components of the ecosystem and due to this reason; the present study was carried out to investigate the effect of heavy metals on biomolecules and immune cells of earthworm, E. eugeniae. The results obtained showed the acute toxicity of two heavy metals individually as well as in combination of different concentrations on earthworms in terms of survival rate, growth (length and weight), reproductive efficacy, cocoon production, bio-molecules and coelomocytes. Maximum reduction in length (4.47 cm) and weight (0.41 g) of earthworm was seen in case of soil treated with Pb-0.06ppm as compared to control. Similar decrease in the survivability of earthworms was 43.35% and number of cocoons reduced upto 24.67 in case of Pb-0.06ppm contaminated soil. The maximum reduction in bio-molecules i.e. 16.23% in crude protein 28.55% in carbohydrate and 44.74% in crude lipid concentration was seen in earthworms treated with Pb-0.06ppm. In case of coelomocytes, there was a significant reduction in the total number of coelomocytes (67.39 %) in worms exposed to Pb (0.06 ppm). Similarly significant reduction in eleocytes, amoebocytes-I, amoebocytes-II, granulocytes-I and granulocytes- II was seen. Thus the study proves that Lead is more toxic and detrimental to earthworms as compared to Nickel.
  • Thumbnail Image
    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Evaluation of antibacterial activity of essential oils against bacterial flora of the field rodents in Hisar
    (CCSHAU, 2018) Ajay; Ravikant
    Studies on population dynamics of rodents was carried out in Seed science technology research farm area in Rabi and Kharif seasons and the field rodents were trapped during the investigation for bacterial isolation. This study was revealed that population dynamics of Rattus rattus was more as compare to, and Tetara indica in both seasons. Trap index was found highest in the second week and least in the first week of the sowing season but highest in the first week during harvesting season. Total nine bacteria were isolates from the field rodent i.e. M. musculus, T. indica and R. ratuus. On the basis of secondary biochemical tests, Salmonella, Klebsiella, Eschierichia, Citrobacter, Staphylococcus and Proteus were more prevalent in captured rodent species. To determine the antimicrobial resistance occurs in various bacterial agents isolated from rodents. The bacterial isolates were analyzed for antimicrobial susceptibility to fourteen antibiotics and four essential oils at different concentrations. The bacterial isoletes no. RRA2, TIA1 and TIA2 were found multidrug resistance towards three antibiotics (Ampicillin, Ampicillin/sulbactum, and Cefuroxime/Cephalothin) and have a great concern of matter to human and veterinary health. Thus rodents may be proving their role in spreading zoonotic diseases. The selected essential oils (i.e. Eucalyptus, lemon grass, clove and cinnamon) exhibited good antibacterial activity against all the tested bacterial isolates. Use of essential oils instead of antibiotics can help in diseases control.
  • Thumbnail Image
    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Assessment of insecticide on the growth, reproduction and gut bacterial population of eisenia fetida
    (CCSHAU, 2018) Rahul Kumar; Dharambir Singh
    Earthworm constitutes about 80% of total soil fauna and play important role in regulating the structure and function of soil ecosystem. They help in the formation and maintenance of physical, chemical and biological properties of soil. Worm ingests organic enriched soil and organic material and release vermicast and the cast harbors many beneficial bacteria than the surrounding soil. Due to excessive use of agrochemicals especially insecticides, earthworm populations are dwindling drastically which directly or indirectly affect the soil health and fertility. But along with benefits of good yield of various crops there are many harmful effects of use of pesticides/chemicals. Their use not only kills target species, but also has adverse effect to non-target organism like earthworm and due to this reason; present study was carried out to assess the impact of insecticides on the growth, reproduction and gut bacterial population of Eisenia fetida. Both the insecticides viz. chlorantraniliprole and fipronil, were used individually and in combination of different concentrations. Maximum avoidance behavior (37.78±2.22%) was observed from chlorantraniliprole @ 10.00 mg/kg exposure in comparison to other treatments. The observations proved toxicity of insecticides individually and in combination of different concentrations on survival rate, growth (length and weight), reproductive potential, cocoon production, vermicast and gut microbial population. Minimum number of adult earthworm and cocoon production was 33.67±0.88 & 39.00±1.00 respectively in the worms exposed to chlorantraniliprole along with fipronil @ 5.00 + 8.34 mg/kg on 90th day of experimentation. Similarly minimum body weight (0.52±0.04 gram), length gain (6.57±0.59 cm) and maximum reduction in bacterial population in vermicast and worm’s gut were observed in the same treatment.