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ThesisItem Open Access Effect of nitrogen levels and row spacing on growth, seed yield and quality of coriander (CoriandrumsativumL.)(CCSHAU, Hisar, 2022-07-22) Ram Mehar; Tehlan, S.K.The present study entitled “Effect of nitrogen levels and row spacing on growth, seed yield and quality of coriander (Coriandrumsativum L.)”as conducted during the Rabi 2021-22 at research farm, Department of Vegetable Science, ChaudharyCharan Singh Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar using four different nitrogen levels (45, 60, 75 and 90 kg ha-1) and three-row to row spacing (30 x 20 cm, 40 x 20 cm and 50 x 20 cm). Vegetative growth parameters i.e., plant height, primary branches at harvest along with yield and yield attributes were recorded. The quality parameters i.e., test weight, accelerated ageing test, standard germination, seedling length, seedling dry weight and vigour indices were also recorded. It was observed that nitrogen dose of 90 kg ha1 and row to row spacing 50 x 20 cm was well suited for vegetative growth except for plant height that was best in 30 x 20 cm spacing. The yield attributes were also found highest at 90 kg N ha-1 and 50 x 20 cm spacing which were statistically at par with 75 kg N ha-1and 40 x 20 cm spacing. The seed yield (seed yield per plot and seed yield per hectare) was recorded maximum at 90 kg N ha-1 and 40 x 20 cm spacing which was statistically at par with 75 kg N ha-1and 40 x 20 cm spacing. The quality parameters were recorded highest with 90 kg N ha-1and spacing 50 x 20 cm which were statistically at par with 75 kg N ha-1 and 40 x 20 cm spacing.ThesisItem Open Access Performance of varieties as affected by different crop geometry with cut seed tuber planting of potato(CCS HAU, Hisar, 2022-07) Dagar, Sandeep; Panghal, V.P.S.The experiment entitled “Performance of varieties as affected by different crop geometry with cut seed tuber planting of potato” was conducted at Research Farm of the Department of Vegetable Science, CCS Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar. The treatments comprising of three potato varieties (Kufri Neelkanth, Kufri Bahar and Kufri Lima) and four different spacing (60×10 cm, 60×15 cm, 60×20 cm with cut tuber and 60×20 cm with whole tuber) were laid out in a randomized block design (factorial) with three replications keeping gross plot size 4.8x3.6 m2 net plot size 3.6x3.0 m2. The results revealed that maximum plant emergence recorded at 30 DAP, number and weight of leaves and stems per hill and number of large size tuber (>75 g grade) was recorded at spacing 60x20 cm using whole tuber, which was significantly higher as compared to other spacing. Plant height, fresh weight of foliage per m2, number of >25-50 g size tuber, marketable and biological yield was recorded maximum with 60x20 cm spacing using whole tuber for planting which was at par with 60x10 cm spacing using cut tuber, However, total number of tubers and small size tubers less than 25 g was recorded significantly higher in 60x10 cm plant spacing using cut tuber for planting. Maximum yield of large size tuber (>50-75 and >75 g grade) as well as total tuber yield (395.78 q/ha) was recorded in 60x 20cm spacing using whole tuber for planting, which was at par with cut tuber planting at 60x10 and 60x15 cm spacing. Among the varieties, Kufri Neelkanth and Kufri Lima performed better for plant emergence, plant height, number and weight of leaves and stems per hill, number and yield of tubers of >50-75 g grade as well as total tuber yield as compared to Kufri Bahar. However, maximum marketable tuber yield was recorded in Kufri Lima variety as compared to other varieties. Quality parameters such as dry matter of foliage and tuber, ascorbic acid, reducing sugar and total sugar content was recorded maximum in 60x20 cm spacing with whole tuber for planting. Among the varieties, Kufri Lima and Kufri Bahar recorded higher dry matter, reducing and total sugar content. Whereas, Kufri Bahar recorded minimum physiological, decay and sprouting losses on weight basis as compared to other varieties, hence more self-life in storage. Highest net return (Rs. 2,79,488/-) benefit cost ratio (3.18) was recorded with potato variety Kufri Neelkanth planting at 60×20 cm spacing using whole tuber for planting.ThesisItem Open Access Evaluation of okra cultivars for growth, yield and quality under different dates of sowing(CCSHAU, Hisar, 2021-09) Sunil Kumar; Kuldeep KumarThe experiment entitled “Evaluation of okra cultivars for growth, yield and quality under different dates of sowing” was conducted at Vegetable Research Farm of the Department of Vegetable Science, CCS Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar, during the rainy season 2020-21 with five different dates of sowing S1 (15th June), S2 (30th June), S3 (15th July), S4 (30th July) and S5 (14th August) and three varieties V1 (Varsha Uphar), V2 (Hisar Naveen) and V3 (Hisar Unnat). Maximum plant stand after 15 days, plant height, number of fruit pickings, fruit length, number of fruits per plant, average fruit weight, fruit yield per plant, yield, dry matter, ash content, acidity and B:C ratio were recorded from 15th July date of sowing in the cultivar Hisar Naveen. However, minimum number of days to 50% flowering and days to first fruit picking were recorded from 14th August date of sowing in the cultivar Hisar Naveen. Maximum number of branches, internodal length, crop duration, incidence of YVMV and severity of disease were recorded minimum from 15th June date of sowing in the cultivar Hisar Naveen. Based on the study, it was found that higher fruit yield with better quality of fruits and minimum incidence of disease was obtained from Hisar Naveen sown on 15th July which was statistically at par with 30th July date of sowing under prevailing Haryana climatic conditions.ThesisItem Open Access Grafting studies in cucurbitaceous crops(CCSHAU, Hisar, 2022-12) Vikram; Arora, InduThe present study entitled “Grafting studies in cucurbitaceous crops ” was carried out at Research Farm of the Department of Vegetable Science, Chaudhary Charan Singh Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar during summer season of 2019. Grafting crops onto resistant rootstocks is an effective technique in the management of biotic and abiotic stresses. In this experiment, the effect of different rootstocks on plant growth, fruit yield and Fusarium wilt resistance were studied in watermelon and muskmelon. Watermelon (Watermelon Scion 1 and Watermelon Scion 2) varieties were grafted onto 6 rootstock i.e Tarkakdi, Bottleguard- Local, Bottleguard-Wild, Pumpkin, Watermelon and Muskmelon. Non-grafted and self-grafted plants were used as control. Grafting significantly affected plant growth and yield. Fruit yield was positively influenced by grafting when compared with control. Maximum fruit yield per plant (9.64 kg) was found in Watermelon Scion 1 grafted onto Tarkakdi rootstock and minimum Fusarium disease incidence, was found in Watermelon Scion- 2 grafted onto Tarkakdi rootstock. Therefore Tarkakdi rootstock was found best for watermelon grafting. Muskmelon (Muskmelon Scion 1 and Muskmelon Scion 2) varieties were also grafted on 5 rootstocks i.e, Tarkakdi, Bottle guard-Local, Bottle guard-Wild, Pumpkin and Muskmelon. Non-grafted and self-grafted plants were used as control. Grafting significantly affected plant growth and yield. Fruit yield was positively influenced by grafting when compared with control. Maximum fruit yield per plant (6.94 kg) was found in Muskmelon Scion -1 grafted onto Muskmelon rootstock and in fusarium disease incidence, minimum disease incidence was found in Tarkakdi (20.39%) rootstock. Hence, Grafting improved plant growth and yield without any harmful effects on fruit quality.ThesisItem Open Access Effect of nitrogen levels under different spacing on coriander (Coriandrum sativum L.)(CCSHAU, Hisar, 2020) Chaman; Malik, T.P.The present study entitled, “Effect of nitrogen levels under different spacing on coriander (Coriandrum sativum L.)” was conducted during the Rabi 2019-20 at research farm, Department of Vegetable Science, Chaudhary Charan Singh Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar. The nitrogen doses and different row to row spacing plays important role in growth, yield and quality of coriander crop. In the present investigation four nitrogen levels (0, 25, 50 and 75 kg ha-1) and three different row to row spacing (20 x 15 cm, 30 x 15 cm and 40 x 15 cm) were taken into consideration. The nitrogen was applied in two split doses i.e. 50 per cent at sowing and remaining dose at 40 days after sowing (DAS). Vegetative growth parameters i.e. days to emergence, plant height, primary branches and secondary branches (45, 60, 90 DAS and at harvest), yield and yield attributes were recorded. The quality parameters i.e. test weight, electrical conductivity, standard germination and vigour indices were also recorded in in-vitro condition after harvesting. It was observed that nitrogen dose at 75 kg ha- 1 and row to row spacing 40 x 15 cm was well suited for vegetative growth except plant height that was best in 20 x 15 cm spacing. The seed yield (2119 kg ha-1) and other yield attributes were found highest at 75 kg N ha-1 with spacing 40 x 15 cm and lowest in control. The quality parameters were recorded highest with 75 kg N ha-1 and spacing 40 x 15 cm and the highest cost of cultivation (Rs. 48445 ha-1) was occurred in coriander sown at higher nitrogen levels under different spacing. Among different treatments, highest gross returns of Rs. 158925 ha-1 and highest net returns of Rs. 110480 ha-1 were obtained at 75 kg N ha-1 with 40 x 15 cm. While comparing the, benefit cost ratios, highest B: C (2.29) was recorded at 50 kg N ha-1 with 30 x 15 cm.ThesisItem Open Access Evaluation of tomato genotypes for growth, yield, quality and root-knot nematode resistance(CCSHAU, Hisar, 2021-08) Singh, Sandeep; Arora, InduAn experiment on “Evaluation of tomato genotypes for growth, yield, quality and root-knot nematode resistance” was conducted on cherry and non-cherry tomato genotypes in the screenhouse of Department of Nematology and Vegetable Research Farm, Hisar. In cherry type tomato genotypes, Pusa Cherry No. 214 had maximum fruit length(cm), fruit girth(cm), weight of fruits per plant per plant(kg), total yield, and marketable yield (3.01 cm,2.91 cm, 4.08 kg, 485.33 q/ha, 446.11 q/ha, respectively) while in non-cherry tomato genotypes Arka Rakshak had maximum fruit length (cm), fruit girth (cm), weight of fruits per plant (kg), total yield and marketable yield (5.19cm, 4.69 cm, 3.08 kg, 366.64 q/ha, 334.68 q/ha). TSS was found maximum in TW4 (7.53 0B) and ascorbic acid content in Punjab Rood cherry (38.04mg/100g) in cherry tomato genotypes while Punjab Garud with maximum TSS and ascorbic acid content (6.470B and 11.96 mg/100g, respectively) had shown superior fruit quality in non-cherry tomato genotypes. Among the different cherry tomato genotypes, TF-1 had the lowest number of galls per plant, number of egg masses per root system and was found resistant with root-knot index of 2.00 while among the non-cherry tomato genotypes NT-8(Hisar Lalit) was found moderately resistant with root-knot index of 3.00. Therefore, it is concluded in the present study that among the screened tomato genotypes, TF-1 (cherry type, resistant) and NT-8 (non-cherry type, moderately resistant) can be grown as resistant cultivars or can be used as rootstocks for grafting in tomato for growing under nematode infested fields/polyhouse while Pusa Cherry No. 214 (cherry type tomato genotype) and Arka Rakshak ( non-cherry type tomato genotype) gave higher yield ( 485.33 q/ha and 366.64 q/ha, respectively) in comparison to other genotypes under field conditions in Haryana.ThesisItem Open Access Quality analysis of naturally and artificially aged seeds of Kasuri Methi (Trigonella corniculata L.)(CCSHAU, Hisar, 2021-08) B. R, Chandana; Tehlan, S KSeed is the basic input of any cultivation system and its quality significantly contributes for better yielding of the crop. The present investigation was carried out during 2019-20 on seven genotypes of Kasuri methi (Trigonella corniculata L.) viz., KM 139-1, HM 538, HM 557, GC 208, GC 209, Kasuri Selection and KM Hosiyarpur. Four seed lots were used under natural ageing viz. freshly harvested seed lot, one year, two year and three years ambient stored seeds. For artificial ageing, freshly harvested seed lot was accelerated aged at 40±10C temperature and 100% relative humidity for 48, 72 and 96 hours. All the fenugreek genotypes were taken to evaluate the seed viability/vigour parameters, to determine the inter-relationship among various seed quality parameters and to determine correlation among natural and artificial ageing. All the seed lots were subjected to vigour and viability test with three replications and observation were recorded on standard germination, seedling length, seedling fresh weight, seedling dry weight, vigour index I &II, electrical conductivity, dehydrogenase activity, catalase activity, peroxidase activity, tetrazolium test, pH of seed leachates and field emergence. The results of the study indicates that, all the seed quality parameters reduced with increase in ageing period in both natural and artificial ageing except for electrical conductivity which increased with advancement in ageing period. Decrease in values of all the seed quality parameters and increase in electrical conductivity values with advancement of ageing represent decrease in vigour and viability of seed lots. A reduction of 21.8% in germination was observed after three years of natural ageing. Genotype K Selection and HM 557 were found to be more vigorous and genotype K M Hosiyarpur was found to be least vigorous and evaluated to be a poor storer. The standard germination, seed vigour index I & II, tetrazolium test, pH of seed leachates, and enzyme activity (Dehydrogenase, catalase and peroxidase activity) emerged as reliable predictors of seed quality and field emergence. Correlation studies revealed that all the seed quality parameters were positively associated among themselves. Electrical conductivity showed negative association with all seed quality parameters. Values observed from 48 hours artificially aged seed reported results equivalent to three years naturally aged seeds. Assessment of seed lot at 48 hours of artificial ageing can be used to determine seed lot field performance after storage.ThesisItem Open Access Standardisation of steckling size and plant spacing on seed production of carrot (Daucus carota. L)(CCSHAU,HiSAR, 2020-06) Yadav, Monika; Makhan LalCarrot (Daucus carota L.) with chromosome number (2n) = 18 and belonging to the family Umbelliferae is one of the important root vegetable crops. Its cultivated forms have been domesticated from wild species. At first, it grows a rosette of leaves while, building the enlarged taproot. The fast growing cultivars mature within three months of sowing, while the slow growing cultivars mature four months after sowing. The roots contain high quantity of alpha- and beta-carotene, and are a good source of vitamin K and vitamin B6, thus, it is second most important crop in England after potato. Carrot roots are used as salad, cooked vegetable and in the preparation of soups, stews, pickle and sweetmeat. In India, root to seed is the standard method for the production of high quality seed as this method allows for the selection of healthy and true to type roots for the planting of stecklings. If the seed quality is not good, it may again be difficult to get enough number of uniform roots. One of the major problems faced by carrot growers in India is the unavailability of required amount of good quality seed. The yield of carrot seed can be increased by using healthy planting material and proper planting distance. A lot of work has been conducted on production technology but a little work has been carried out on carrot seed production. The relationship between harvest index and plant density in carrot seed production is very useful in optimizing plant population for maximum seed yield and quality. This study was conducted at Seed Research Area of Department of Vegetable Science, Chaudhary Charan Singh Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar during spring-summer season of 2018-19.The objectives of the investigation were to study the effect of steckling size and plant spacing on growth, seed yield and quality parameters of carrot seed. The experiment comprised five treatments of plant spacing (60 x 30 cm (Flat), 60 x 45 cm (Flat), 60 x 60 cm (Flat), 60 x 30 cm (Single row on ridge), 60 x 45 cm (Paired row on ridge)and three steckling size (8 cm, 6 cm and 4 cm) was laid out in Randomized Block Design with three replications. Highest seed yield of carrot cv Hisar Gairic was obtained with plant spacing of 60 x 45 (Paired row on ridge) which was statistically at par with plant spacing of 60 x 30 cm (Single row on ridge) with stecklings of 8 cm. However, the quality parameters of seed were found better at plant spacing of 60 x 60 cm (Flat) with steckling size of 8 cm.ThesisItem Open Access Integratenutrient management studies in chilli (Capsicum annuum L.)(CCSHAU,HiSAR, 2020-07) Yugvinder; Kuldeep KumarThe present investigation was carried out at the Research Farm of the Department of Vegetable Science and in the laboratories of the Department of Soil Science and Vegetable Science, CCS Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar, Haryana during the summer season of 2019-20 to evaluate the effect of integrated nutrient management on the growth, yield and quality of chilli and the Seed of chilli cv. “Kashi Anmol” was grown with thirteen different treatment combinations. All the treatments were assessed for the growth, yield and quality parameters. The experimental results revealed that the application of Recommended NPK + Vermicompost @ 2 t/ha + Azotobacter (T3) followed by treatment T5 (50 % NPK + FYM @ 12.5 t/ha + Vermicompost @ 2 t/ha + Azotobacter) and T4 (Recommended NPK + FYM @ 12.5 t/ ha + Azotobacter) performed superiorly over the other treatments with remarkably higher values for all the growth yield and quality attributes viz., plant height (cm), number of primary branches, days to first fruit harvest, average fruit weight (cm), yield per plot and per hectare, ascorbic acid (mg/100g), total soluble solids (%) and NPK uptake by the plant (g/plant). During the investigation the net returns and benefit cost ratio was also found highest in these treatments. However, minimum values for these attributes were recorded under control (T13). Therefore, to reduce the cost of chemical fertilizers with maintaining sustainability of soil fertility and for higher yield and benefit-cost ratio the chilli crop may be supplied with 50 % Recommended NPK + FYM @ 12.5 t/ha + Vermicompost @ 2 t/ha + Azotobacter as per treatment (T5).
