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ThesisItem Open Access Screening of rootstocks against rootknot nematode (Meloidogyne spp.) for grafting in tomato(CCSHAU, Hisar, 2023-10) Yadav, Renu; Bhatia, A.K.An investigation on “Screening of rootstocks against root-knot nematode (Meloidogyne spp.) for grafting in tomato” was carried out at Research Farm and Laboratory of the Department of Vegetable Science in collaboration with the Department of MBBB and the Department of Nematology, CCS Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar in which tomato genotypes were screened for tomato grafting. On the basis of molecular screening of rootstocks for nematode resistance, genotypes, viz., TR-1, TR-3, TR-4, TR-5, TR-27 and TR-28 were found to have resistant genes, while moderately resistant reaction against the root-knot nematode in screen-house condition was obtained in genotypes TR-5, TR-21, TR-27 and TR-28 with 19.00, 29.33, 25.00 & 21.67 number of galls and 13.33, 23.33, 21.00 & 15.67 number of egg masses per root system, respectively. On the basis of both the screenings, three genotypes i.e., TR-5, TR-27 and TR- 28 were used as rootstocks for grafting in tomato scion i.e., Hisar Arun. Among the different grafted combinations, self-grafted scion & rootstocks, T1 (Hisar Arun grafted onto Rootstock TR-5) and T3 (Hisar Arun grafted onto Rootstock TR-28) performed better in the screen-house and nematode infested field conditions for growth, quality, yield and nematode multiplication parameters. Grafting improved growth, yield (253.11q/ha and 241.11 q/ha) and quality (TSS-5.13°B and 6.77°B, Ascorbic acid- 21.29 mg/100g and 22.32mg/100g) parameters significantly in both spring-summer and winter season, respectively in tomato. It also decreased number of galls (81.91% and 83.16%), egg masses (82.69% and 82.65%) and final nematode population (84.80% and 86.11%) in both spring-summer and winter season, respectively when grown in nematode infested conditions. However, selection of rootstock plays utmost important role to defend the superior results of grafting over non-grafted scion (viz. T2 had lesser growth and yield than T1 & T3 grafted combinations and most of the parameters were at par with non-grafted scion due to stunted and less vigorous behavior of TR-27, although it was nematode resistant like TR-5 and TR- 28). Hence, grafting on promising rootstock with desirable character can offer an eco-friendly solution for tomato cultivation in nematode infested fields/polyhouses.ThesisItem Open Access Response of potato varieties to different nitrogen levels(CCSHAU, 2018) Yadav, Renu; Panghal, V.P.S.The experiment entitled “Response of potato varieties to different nitrogen levels” was conducted at Research Farm of the Department of Vegetable Science, CCS Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar during winter season of 2016-17. The treatments comprising of two potato varieties (Kufri Surya and Kufri Sadabahar) and five levels of nitrogen (0, 75, 150, 225 and 300 kg/ha) were laid out in a randomized block design (factorial) with three replications keeping net plot size 3.0x3.0 m and plant spacing 60x20 cm. The five competitive plants were selected randomly from each treatment to record data on various parameters, which were influenced significantly by potato varieties and different levels of nitrogen. The results reveal that among the nitrogen levels, the nitrogen 300 kg/ha was the best for most of the growth parameters except plant emergence and showed maximum value for plant height at 45, 60, 75 and 90 DAP, number of leaves at 60 DAP, leaf and stem weight per hill at harvest, weight of foliage and biological yield closely followed by the nitrogen dose 225 kg/ha, while for yield parameters, nitrogen level 225 kg/ha was the best and showed highest value for number and weight of tubers in grade >25-50, >50-75, >75 g per plot, total tuber number per m2, total tuber number and yield per plot, total as well as marketable tuber yield and dry matter content of tubers and haulms closely followed by the nitrogen level 300 kg/ha. However, number of tubers in up to 25 g grade per plot was highest for the treatment where no nitrogen was applied closely followed by nitrogen dose of 75 kg/ha. Harvest index was noted lowest for the nitrogen dose of 300 kg/ha and being highest where no nitrogen was applied. So far the variety is concerned, Kufri Sadabahar was significantly better for all the recorded parameters than the variety Kufri Surya. The highest values for nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium uptake by the haulms were registered with the nitrogen dose of 300 kg/ha closely followed by 225 kg/ha. The maximum nitrogen uptake by the tubers was recorded under the nitrogen dose 225 kg/ha closely followed by 300 kg/ha, phosphorus uptake for the nitrogen dose 225 kg/ha closely followed by 150 kg/ha and 300 kg/ha and potassium uptake for the nitrogen dose 225 kg/ha. Significantly higher NPK uptake by the haulms and tubers was observed for the variety Kufri Sadabahar. The interaction effect between nitrogen levels and varieties was observed significant only for potassium uptake by the tubers, being highest for the nitrogen dose 225 kg/ha and variety Kufri Sadabahar closely followed by nitrogen dose 300 kg/ha in association of same variety. The highest available nitrogen status in soil after harvesting was recorded for the nitrogen rate 300 kg/ha, available phosphorus for the treatment where no nitrogen was applied closely followed by the nitrogen level 75 and 150 kg/ha and available potassium for the treatment where no nitrogen was applied closely followed by the nitrogen dose 75 kg/ha. For the variety Kufri Surya, the available nitrogen and potassium in soil after harvesting of crop was observed significantly higher. The highest net income (Rs. 1,60,287/ha) and benefit to cost ratio (1.78) was achieved from Kufri Sadabahar variety supplied with nitrogen 225 kg/ha followed by the same variety supplied with nitrogen 300 kg/ha.
