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ThesisItem Open Access Characterization of ground water quality of Firozpur-Jhirka and Punhana blocks of Mewat district and their effect on soil properties(CCSHAU, 2017) Pal, Sanjeev Kumar; Yadav, S.S.To ascertain the characterization of ground water quality and their effect on soil physico-chemical properties, 154 water samples and 19 soil profile samples from two sites for each category of water from different villages of Firozpur-Jhirka and Punhana blocks of Mewat district, Haryana were collected by hand held GPS. These samples were analyzed and classified as per AICRP (1989) classification. In Firozpur Jhirka block, 20.24, 41.67, 3.57, 32.14 and 2.38 per cent waters were found under good, marginally saline, saline. high SAR saline and marginally alkaline categories, respectively. Whereas in Punhana block, 15.71, 32.86, 47.14, 2.86 and 1.43 per cent waters were found in good, marginally saline, high SAR saline, marginally alkali and highly alkali, respectively. The pH, EC, SAR and RSC in ground waters of Firozpur Jhirka block ranged from 7.39 to 9.17 , 0.70 to 13.70 dS m-1, 2.54 to 50.26 and 0 to 3.20 meq L-1, and in Punhana block, ranged from 7.06 to 9.60, 1.00 to15.29 dS m-1, 3.77 to 46.48 and 0 to 4.00 meq L-1, respectively. The sodium was dominant cation followed by magnesium, calcium and potassium in ground waters of both the blocks. Likewise, in case of anions, chloride was the dominant anion followed by sulphate, bicarbonate, carbonate and nitrate. The analysis of soil profile samples revealed that the lowest and highest cation exchange capacity of the soils in Firozpur-Jhirka block was observed in Pol (4.12 cmol (p+) kg-1 )and Nangal (8.07 cmol (p+) kg-1), respectively whereas in Punhana block, lowest was found in Indana (5.32 cmol (p+) kg-1)and highest in Jharokhari ( 8.17 cmol (p+) kg-1 )villages. The lowest and highest exchangeable sodium percentage in Firozpur Jhirka block was observed in Righar (6.00) and Mallahka (18.86) villages and in Punhana block ,it was found in Indana (5.06) and Hinganpur(32.75) villages, respectively. The lowest and highest soil organic content in Firozpur-Jhirka block was observed in Mallahka (0.09 %) and Mahun (0.36 % ) villages whereas, in Punhana block was found in Rahpwa (0.11%) and Laharwari (0.27%) villages , respectively. The saturation percentage of soils was lowest and highest in Pol (20.93) and Naharika (29.62) ; and in Maryka (21.15) and Bikti (27.25 ) villages of Firozpur Jhirka and Punhana blocks, respectively. The lowest ECe in Firozpur-Jhirka block was recorded in Righar (0.76 dS m-1) and highest in Gangwani (10.05 dS m-1). Likewise, in Punhana block, it was found lowest in Indana (1.26 dS m-1) and highest in Hazipur (7.96 dS m-1) villages. Highest electrical conductivity was observed in surface layers of the soil profile which gradually decreased with depth. The lowest and highest of pH of soil saturation extract in Firozpur-Jhirka block was found in Nangal (7.25) and Mahoon (8.95) villages and in Punhana block, it was found in Indana (7.38) and Maryka (8.64) villages, respectively. The mean cationic composition of soil extract in soil profile in Firozpur-Jhirka and Punhana blocks was of the order Na+>Ca2+>Mg2+.>K+ likewise, in most of the samples the mean anionic composition of soil extract was of order Cl- >SO42->HCO3->CO32- .The ground water quality map of two blocks showed that maximum area falling under poor quality water with high area under salinity hazard as compared to sodicity hazard in both blocks of Mewat district.