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ThesisItem Open Access Drudgery Reducing Technologies and Changes in Life of Farm Women: A Sociological Analysis(CCSHAU, 2022-09) Meenu Singh; Vinod kumariThe present study entitled “Drudgery Reducing Technologies and Changes in Life of Farm Women: A Sociological Analysis.” was carried out with the objectives to identify the drudgery reducing technologies, their knowledge and adoption among farm women and as well as their impact on the life of farm women. The study was carried out Haryana state in two districts Hisar and Mahandragarh with a sample size of 320 respondents. A well framed questionnaire and interview scheduled was followed to conduct the study. The socio-economic profile of respondents indicated that an overwhelming majority was married, in age group of 31-40 years, having small landholdings (2.6-5.0 Acres) and medium level of socio-economic status. About half of the respondents in both the districts were having low level of mass media exposure. A total 10 drudgery reducing farm technologies and 10 drudgery reducing household technologies were identified for investigation. More number of respondents in Hisar district were having high overall knowledge (61.3%) about drudgery reducing farm technologies as compared to Mahendergarh (25.0%). Regarding household technology, more than half of the respondents (52.5%) were having moderate overall knowledge about household technology. Women farmers in Hisar district were having high level of extent of adoption (64.4%) of drudgery reducing farm technologies as compared to those in Mahendergarh (25.0%). Majority of respondents (91.2%) in both the districts revealed that the technologies helped them in reducing time and efforts. About two-third of the respondents from both districts also reported that the technologies reduced muscular fatigue and pain and provided comfortable working postures. Regarding overall impact of the drudgery reducing technologies, 37.8% women reported high impact level of farm technologies followed by moderate (34.7%) and low (27.5%) while in case household technologies, 37.5% women reported high impact followed by moderate (32.5%) and low (30.0%). It was found various socio-economic variables were having significant association with knowledge, adoption and impact of drudgery reducing technologies. Lack of freedom in decision making, technologies in purview of men and financial constraints were the factors that worked as a barrier in adoption of drudgery reducing technology. It was concluded that keeping in view the benefits of drudgery reducing technologies to farm women there is need to enhance their knowledge with training/intervention for more adoption of these technologies in future.ThesisItem Open Access Educational and occupational mobility among rural families of Haryana(CCSHAU, Hisar, 2023-05) Preeti; Vinod KumariSocial mobility is movemnet of people within a structure of social stratification or hierarchy. The face of society a thousand years ago was vastly different from what we are familiar with it today. Education is thought to be directly related to occupation, combining education and occupation allows us to determine whether education promotes occupational mobility or vice versa. The present study was conducted in the two districts of Haryana, Fatehabad from highly developed districts and Jhajjar from low-developed districts using the criteria of the agricultural composite index of development. (Ohlan, 2013) and the total sample size was 120 active heads of the family. Socio-personal and economic profiles of respondents revealed that more number of respondents were from the age group of 36-50 years (41.7%), general caste (41.7%), educated upto graduate and above (50.8%), engaged in services (49.2%) and married (83.4%). Analysis of intergenerational occupational and educational mobility revealed that respondents were found mobile from their parent‟s occupation or educational status and it was found significantly associated with age, caste, education, occupation and landholding. The inheritance among different pairs of generations showed the highest rate of inheritance of education (80 %), followed by rate of inheritance of occupation (60%) between respondents, fathers and their grandfather‟s education level. Area wise differentiation among various perceptions of educational and occupational mobility was observed in Fatehabad and Jhajjar. Regarding the level of perception of respondent‟s occupational and educational mobility most of the respondents had a moderate level of perception, it is concluded that the respondents from Jhajjar had higher educational and occupational statuses compared to respondents from Fatehabad. This observation could potentially be attributed to the proximity of Jhajjar to the national capital and the majority of respondents tried to raise their status through education and change in occupation through government services. Efforts are needed to diversify occupational prospects in agricultural through the establishment of cottage and small scale industries in order to provide greater job opportunites in agricultural and allied sectors.ThesisItem Open Access Socio-economic factors affecting inter-gender role of dairy farmers in Haryana(CCSHAU, Hisar, 2023-04) Bidhan, Shikha; Tyagi, RashmiThe present study entitled "Socio-economic factors affecting inter – gender role of dairy farmers in Haryana" was conducted in Department of Sociology, CCS HAU, Hisar during the year 2021 to 2022. The study was conducted in two districts namely, Karnal and Hisar with the objectives to study the nnature, extent and participation in decision making of inter gender in dairy farming; knowledge and awareness of inter gender in dairy farming; and factors affecting dairy farming along with the socio-economic impact. The survey was made with well structure questionnaire in 12 villages and 180 respondents were selected out of 360. The study revealed that majority of the respondents was of middle age group (36-50 years), belonged to general caste (41.11%). Most of the respondents were illiterate (37.22%), having joint family (55%) with a medium family size (5-7 members) having a land holding of 2.51 – 5 hectare. The annual income of the dairy farming respondents was medium (Rs. 1-3 lac). The socio-economic status, level of participation, level of knowledge, level of awareness of most of the dairy farming was medium. The major constraints related to dairy farming among the inter-gender community were non-availability of land for fodder production, lack of scientific knowledge, and low price milk. Independent factors like age, education, land holding, experience in dairy farming, mass media exposure, extension contact and socio-economic status were found significantly associated with participation in dairy farming, level of knowledge, level of awareness and extent of decision making. Seeing the above facts, it can be concluded that women are participating in dairy farming in Haryana a lot starting from the milk management, breeding, economic decisions and there is need to educate at the village level for awareness of dairy farming new technologies that should economically feasible, socially accepted and having low risk.ThesisItem Open Access Impact of social media on the lifestyle of rural youth(CCSHAU, Hisar, 2023-05) Priyanka Rani; Tyagi, RashmiRural youth frequently engage in multifaceted activities and technology through the use of numerous social media platforms. Social media has different effects on young people's lives on both ends; the benefits of social media for today's youth include keeping them informed of global events and allowing them to network and stay in touch with friends. And other times these effects are bad for the user including suicide, anxiety, depression, physical, emotional, mental, and psychological problems, as well as a lack of confidence. Therefore, the present study was undertaken to access the nature and extent of use of social media and its impact on well-being and lifestyle of rural youth. The study was conducted in rural area of 2 cultural zones of Haryana state. Further, two villages namely Newal and Kunjpura from Karnal district and Khedar and Bhaini Badshahpur from Hisar district were taken randomly. A sample of 180 rural youth was selected randomly from rural areas of each district to make a total sample of 360 rural youths. Results of overall general well-being portray that majority of the respondents (>70%) showed high level of general well-being in aspects like cultural and religious wellbeing, active life-style, positivity, family relation and environmental adjustment. Results depict that majority of the respondents had medium level of life-style in aspects i.e. health conscious, family and academic oriented. The majority of respondents used WhatsApp and YouTube, which ranked first and second in the results for use of various social networking sites, respectively. Majority of respondents (>90%) had knowledge of social media. Results elucidated that socio-economic variables such as age, sex, marital status, education, land holding, annual income occupation were found significantly associated with adoption of social media. Results regarding impact of social media on health indicated that majority of the respondents considered ill effect of social media on health. Aspects of mental health such as distraction and stress got 1st and 2nd rank respectively in terms of effect of social media. With regards to impact of social media on physical health the findings elucidated that laziness and eye pain were placed 1st and 2nd rank respectively.ThesisItem Open Access Organic farming among farmers of rural Haryana: A Sociological Analysis(CCSHAU,HiSAR, 2021-09) Manisha; Bas KaurOrganic farming is more than just avoiding the use of agrochemicals in agriculture; it is a technique for establishing a healthy agro-ecosystem on a farm. Organic agriculture arose from the purposeful efforts of inspired people, who wanted to build the finest possible relationship between man and the land. The present research was conducted in Haryana state with following specific objectives: (1) To assess knowledge of farmers about organic farming. (2) To ascertain the nature and extent of adoption level of organic farming practices and (3) To study the association between selected socio-economic variables and adoption of organic farming. The sample of 120 respondents was selected from a cluster of villages from two districts, namely, Karnal and Sirsa through systemic random sampling techniques. Data were collected through interview Scheduled and analyzed with suitable descriptive statistical techniques. Analysis clearly revealed that majority of the respondents (58.30%) had medium level of knowledge and about one-third (31.70%) had high level of knowledge regarding organic farming. Near about half of respondents (45%) had medium level of adoption followed by 40.80 percent who had low level of adoption. Analysis indicated that age, education, caste, family type, size of land holding, subsidiary occupation and socio-economic status were found significantly associated with level of knowledge regarding organic farming. Results revealed that education, caste, family type, size of land holding, subsidiary occupation and mass media exposure were found to be significantly associated with level of adoption regarding organic farming. It was found that 70 percent were doing organic farming for more than three years. Low yield of crops, lack of purchasing agencies, no minimum support price, low premium prices for organic products, poor communication channels were the major constraints. There should be more purchasing agencies, minimum support price, proper market facilities available for farmers and farmers should be encouraged to adopt organic farming by giving subsidies.ThesisItem Open Access Sociological study of women representatives of gram panchayats(CCSHAU, Hisar, 2021-05) Malik, Saleem; Kathpalia, JateshThe study was conducted in Haryana state. Hisar district and Palwal district were selected from the Bhagar and Mewat cultural zone respectively. Two blocks from each district were selected randomly. From each block villages were also selected randomly. From Hisar-1 block Gangwa, Kharar, Alipur and Shikarpur and from Hansi-1 block Garhi, Ramayan, and Kharkara villages were randomly selected. From Palwal district Hodal and Hathin two blocks were randomly selected. From Hodal block Sondh, Saveli and Khirbi baptoli and from Hathin block Malai, Tonka, Lakhnaka, Dhirnki and Mandkola villages were randomly selected. Totally 80 respondents were selected from the both districts. 40 respondents were selected from each district. Panchayati Raj is not a new phenomenon in the country. Its illustration in history goes back to more than a 1000 years. It has its roots in Ancient Indian Institutions when the villages were little republics governed by their Panchayats. Majority of respondents (55%) had participation in gram panchayat activities. Knowledge level of respondents was medium and high. Majority of the respondents (56.25%) had medium attitude followed by low (23.75%) and high attitude (20%). More than one fourth (27.50%) of the respondents were engaged in farming followed by one fifth (20.00%) of the respondents were engaged in business and farm labour respectively. More than two fifth (43.75%) of the respondents had knowledge how many times meeting of „Gram Panchayat‟ held in a year. More than half (56.25%) respondents had correct knowledge that 33 per cent seats are reserved for women representatives. It has been strongly felt that an effective Panchayati Raj System can bring rapid and integrated development through people's participation. However, the Panchayats face a number of problems in performing their roles.The female headed panchayats had better performance in terms of holding panchayat &gram sabha meetings; passing resolutions; beneficiary selection; planning & budget formulation; sources of income generation; establishment of local institutions; implementation of schemes; accountability &transparency.ThesisItem Open Access Sociological analysis of health status of elderly in rural Haryana(CCSHAU, Hisar, 2021) Praveen Kumar; Vinod KumariThe present study entitled “A Sociological analysis of health status of elderly in rural Haryana” was carried out with the objectives to study the nature and extent of health problems faced by rural elders and their perception regarding their physical and psychological health status. The study was carried out Haryana state in two district Hisar and Mahandragarh with a sample size of 360 respondents. A well framed questionnaire and interview scheduled was followed to conduct the study. More than half of the respondents belonged to young old (60-69) age group (56.7%).Two third of the respondents belongs to backward caste (66.9%) and 30.8 per cent of the respondents had marginal land holdings. Visual impairment was the main health problem followed by dental problem and hearing impairment .Among rural elders the problem of paralytic attack, diabetes and cardiovascular disease were minimum. The major psychological problems faced by the respondents were difficulty in learning, mood swings and irritation and reduced interest. It was observed that on an average 66.4 percent were having average psychological health statuses where as 30.8 percent were having good and 2.8 percent having poor psychological health status. The mental status of elderly showed that 64.2 per cent of elderly were always playing useful role in family followed by 94.7 per cent elderly faced sleep loss sometime and 85.6 percent of the elderly sometime could concentrate on work. As a regards to perception about physical health status, two-thirds of rural respondents (66.4%) perceived their physical health status as good and only 0.8 percent perceived their physical health status as poor. Physical health status was significantly associated with their gender, age, education level, occupation, family type, mass media exposure, lifestyle and leisure time activities. It can be concluded from the results that these factors contributed to the physical health status of elderly.
