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20173
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Subject: Seed Science and Technology × End date: 2017 × Start date: 2017 × Thesis Type: M.Sc ×
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Seed quality enhancement through priming treatments in onion (Allium cepa L.)
    (CCSHAU, 2017) Gaganpreet Singh; Bhuker, Axay
    Onion seeds are micro-biotic in nature and loose the viability rapidly after harvest. If special precautions are not taken during storage, a serious problem in germination exists for the carry-over seed stocks. Fungicide treatments are discouraged due to toxic residues and development of resistance in pathogens. Hence, there is an urgent need for safer method of pathogen control through bio friendly compounds like chitosan, aloe vera, trichoderma and other growth regulators. So, the present study was planned to assess the seed quality by various priming treatments in onion. Significant enhancement in seed quality parameters was observed in all the treatments and maximum enhancement in germination was recorded in the seed hydrated with 100ppm GA3 followed by seed coated with aloe vera gel. In field condition aloe vera gel coated seed performed better and recorded maximum seedling establishment. All the treatment maintained the germination percentage above IMSCS after nine months except the seed treated with 100ppm chitosan. Lower concentration of chitosan i.e. 50ppm enhanced the seed quality parameters but as the concentration increases, it inversely affects the seed quality parameters. Same trend was also observed for other seed quality parameters viz. seedling length, seedling dry weight, vigour indices and electrical conductivity. The concentration of the primers also affected the seed quality parameters during storability. Hence, priming treatment should be given with optimum concentration in onion seed to maintain the seed quality during storage. It was concluded from the study that germination can be maintained above IMSCS in onion seed by treating seeds with GA3 100ppm & aloe vera when stored in plastic containers (700gauge) under ambient conditions.
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Effect of seed treatments and containers on chilli and brinjal seed viability
    (CCSHAU, 2017) Malik, Sunil Kumar; Jakhar, S.S.
    The present investigation was carried out at the Department of Seed Science and Technology, CCS Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar to assess the effect of seed treatments and containers on chilli and brinjal seed viability. The material comprised of two varieties, one RCH-1 of chilli and other Hisar Shyamal-8 of brinjal, which were stored in different containers (metal box, cloth bag and plastic zipling bag) with fifteen fungicides (seed treatment) and control. All the treatments were evaluated for seed quality parameters viz. germination, shoot length, root length, seedling dry weight, vigour indices (I and II), electrical conductivity and dehydrogenase activity. All the treatments showed better performance as compared to untreated control. It was found that use of flusilazole (2g kg-1 seed) in chilli and carbendazim (2g kg-1 seed) in brinjal proved superior as compare to other fungicides. Among containers, metal box was proved better followed by plastic zipling bag and cloth bag for storability of both the crops. Seed quality parameters found decreased with the passage of time in all the containers and fungicide treatments. Only one seed quality parameter i.e. electrical conductivity showed increased values with the progress of storage period. Among the fungicides, systemic proved better than combi fungicides.
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Studies on the effect of plant oils and biofungicides on seed borne pathogens of chilli and brinjal seeds
    (CCSHAU, 2017) Priya Reddy, Y. N.; Dahiya, O.S.
    Chilli and brinjal are important spice and vegetable crops in India and known to be suffered mainly by Colletotrichum capsici and Phomopsis vexans respectively. These pathogens cause damping off at seedling stage and fruit rot at maturity stage affecting the crop yield and marketability of the produce. Seed treatment with carbendazim or other chemical fungicides for control of these important diseases are already in vogue. However, use of these chemicals lead to residual toxicity, induced resistance to pathogens and environmental pollution. Hence, an attempt was made to identify eco-friendly natural measures like plant oils or biofungicides in place of carbendazim to control these diseases. Results revealed that the mycoflora including Colletotrichum capsici and Phomopsis vexans were controlled with the use of carbendazim (2 g kg-1 seed) and also equally with the neem oil treatment @ 5 ml kg-1 seed or Trichoderma viride @10 g kg-1 seed. Further, seedling parameters like seed germination, seedling growth, seedling vigour and disease control were high in infected seed treated with plant oils or biofungicides and were comparable to that of carbendazim treatment. Among the plant oils, neem oil was relatively better than carbendazim in controlling disease and improving the seedling parameters. Similarly, among the biofungicides, Trichoderma viride was better over the Trichoderma asperellum, Pseudomonas fluorescens and their combinations to control the disease and to enhance the seedling vigour. Hence, seed treatment with neem oil @ 5 ml kg-1 seed or Trichoderma viride @10 g kg-1 seed can be effectively used in place of carbendazim (2 g kg-1 seed) for chilli and brinjal to control diseases and also to achieve higher seedling vigour which leads to higher crop productivity.