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Theses

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2003 - 200716
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Subject: Plant Pathology × End date: 2009 × Start date: 2003 × Type: Thesis × Thesis Type: M.Sc ×
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Now showing 1 - 9 of 16
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Studies on the management of leaf curl virus disease of tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.) through ceo-friendly approaches
    (College of Agriculture Chaudhary Charan Singh Haryana Agricultural University Hisar, 2003) Hajeri, Subhas; Rishi, Narayan
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Effect of Trichoderma viride in the cultivation of Calocybe indica and its management
    (College of Agriculture Chaudhary Charan Singh Haryana Agricultural University Hisar, 2003) Sharma, Neeraj; Madaan, R. L
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Studies on mungbean diseases with special reference to web blight caused by Rhizoctonia solani Kuhn
    (College of Agriculture Chaudhary Charan Singh Haryana Agricultural University Hisar, 2003) Kumar, Rishi; Aneja, D. R
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Epidemiology and management of dry root rot of cluster bean caused by rhizoctonia bataticola
    (College of Agriculture Chaudhary Charan Singh Haryana Agricultural University Hisar, 2003) Kumar, Surender; Sharma, S. K
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    In Vitro Progagation Studies on Peach (Prunus Persica Batsch)
    (College of Agriculture Chaudhary Charan Singh Haryana Agricultural University Hisar, 2003) Sharma, Anshu S.; Bhatia, S. K.
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Epidemiology of potato apical leaf curl begomovirus disease in potato
    (CCSHAU, 2005) Mandal, Ram Baboo; Dhawan, Poonam
    The present investigations on epidemiology of potato apical leaf curl begomovirus diseases in potato were undertaken during 2003-04. PALCV infected plants exhibited symptoms such as vein clearing, vein thickening, crinkling, apical leaf curling, waviness of leaf margin, leaf smalling, leaf distortion and stunting of plant. There was some variation in the expression of symptoms in four different cultivars. Per cent incidence and severity of the disease varied from cultivar to cultivar and also in the same cultivar grown at different locations. Per cent disease incidence was found to range between 10.30 to 34.53 in Haryana depending upon cultivars and the locations. Cultivar Kufri Chipsona showed least incidence and mild severity of the disease. Higher per cent disease incidence with very severe symptoms was observed in cv. K. Sutlej. Higher severity category and more per cent disease incidence was noticed in crop raised from farmer’s seed in comparison to breeder’s seed of the same cultivar. Reduction in yield per hectare in crop raised from farmer’s seed over breeder’s seed ranged from 8.79% to 18.40% in different cultivars of potato. There was significant reduction in growth and yield parameters of diseased pants over healthy ones in all the four cultivars of potato. Reduction in yield of diseased plants ranged from 30.17% to 42.58%. It was lowest in cv. K. Bahar and highest in cv. K. Sutlej. In polymerase chain reaction (PCR) diagnosis, a product of expected size of approximately 2.7 kb was detected by gel electrophoresis which suggests presence of geminivirus in infected plants. PALCV was transmissible through whitefly and grafting but not by mechanical inoculation of sap. A single whitefly was able to transmit the virus but fifteen whiteflies per plant were required to obtain highest per cent transmission of 88.88%. Minimum acquisition and inoculation access feeding periods were 30 min each. The host range of PALCV was confined to five families viz. Asteraceae, Caricaceae, Euphorbiaceae, Malvaceae and Solanaceae. Weather variables viz. maximum temperature of 22±2ºC and morning relative humidity of about 90 per cent were found favourable for whitefly population build up and disease incidence. Per cent disease incidence had significant and positive correlation with whitefly population and morning humidity but negative with maximum temperature. Multiple regression equation developed by using whitefly population and weather variables could predict the disease incidence from 87 to 93% in different cultivars of potato.
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Evaluation of different strains of temperature tolerant button mushroom (Agaricus bitorquis)
    (CCSHAU, 2005) Yogesh Kumar; Pahil, V.S.
    The present studies concluded that five different strains tested for yield and other agronomic characters showed that NCB-14 produced highest yield (15.79kg) whereas NCB-15 produced heaviest fruit bodies and NCB-13 produced maximum number of fruit bodies (1151.83) being the lightest average weight of fruit bodies. Among media PDA, pH level of 7.0 and temperature of 30 1C supported best mycelial growth. Studies on two methods of composting revealed that short method of composting out yielded the long method of composting. Among the various spawning method tried, thorough spawning proved best. Similarly the results of different depth of compost showed that 25 cm depth of compost produced highest yield (15.12kg) of mushroom. Studies on various casing material showed that BRH+FYM (1:1) w/w produced maximum number of fruit bodies. Among the different level of casing thickness, 3.75 cm thickness produced best yield.
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Studies on the efficacy of plant extracts against bacterial blight pathogen (Xanthomonas axonopodis pv. cyamopsidis) of clusterbean (Cyamopsis tetragomnoloba (L.) Taub)
    (CCSHAU, 2005) Kamalpreet Kaur; Jalali, Indu
    Bacterial blight caused by Xantomonas axonopodis pv. cyamopsidis is one of the most destructive disease of clusterbean. Considering the deleterious effect of these chemicals on life supporting systems, there is an urgent need for alternative or integrated methods for effective management of pathogenic microorganisms without adversely affecting the environment. Present study was initiated to develop an environmentally safe non-hazardous strategy for the management of this disease. Bacterial blight pathogen was isolated from disease tissue of clusterbean plants occurring in the region and the Koch postulates were proved. Aqueous and methanolic extracts of twelve plants viz; leaves of Emblica officinalis, Cassia fistula, Tagetis sp.,Withania somnifera, Rauvolfia serpentia, Glycyrrhiza glabra, Andrographis paniculata, Eucalyptus citriodora, Catharanthus roseus, cloves of Allium sativum and leaves and kernels of Syzium cumini were assayed in vitro for their antibacterial activity by paper disc method. Out of them filter sterilized aqueous leaf extract of aonla (Embilica officinalis) exhibited maximum inhibition zone of the X. axonopodis pv. cyamopsidis followed by eucalyptus ( Eucalyptus citriodora) and marigold (Tagetis sp.) leaf extract which was comparable with 10μg, 5μg and 1.25μg of streptocycline/disc. However, none of the methanolic plant extracts tested exhibited antibacterial activity against the test pathogen. Evaluation of minimum inhibitory concentration of aonla and eucalyptus aqueous leaf extract revealed that with increase in dilution of extract there was reduction in the antibacterial activity. Maximum bacterial inhibition was recorded with equal dilution of extract and water (1:1 w/v). Thermo stability studies provide clear indications that the aqueous extract of aonla and eucalyptus was thermo labile as they lost their antibacterial activity on heating the extracts to 50o C and beyond. However, there was reduction in antibacterial potential of aonla and eucalyptus leaf extract when kept at 25OC and –4OC temperature for 48 h from that of its fresh extract. Present studies indicate that storage of aonla and eucalyptus leaf extract at room temperature for 15 and 30 days completely destroyed the antibacterial activity. However, storage at 10OC for 15 and 30 days exhibited reduction in their antibacterial potential. Deep freezing for 1 and 6 months further reduced the antibacterial activity of aonla leaf extract, where as, in eucalyptus leaf extract there was complete loss of antibacterial activity under similar conditions, thus suggesting these the two phyto-extracts possessed poor shelf life and were best when used fresh. Aqueous leaf extract of aonla and eucalyptus were also found to be bactericidal to the test pathogen in broth culture as well as on poisoned plates. All the botanicals used as spray reduced the bacterial blight of clusterbean. However, aonla leaf extract (1:10) provided maximum disease control followed by eucalyptus and marigold leaf extract spray after challenge inoculation with the pathogen Xanthonumas axonopodis pv. cyamopsidis and were at par with streptocycline in reducing the bacterial blight of clusterbean after 80 days of sowing.
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Studies on the management of black scurf of potato caused by rhizoctonia solani kuhn.
    (CCSHAU, 2005) Pardeep Kumar; Gandhi, S.K.
    The fungus Rhizoctonia solani Kuhn causing black scurf of potato was isolated and purified. Among seven bioagents evaluated in vitro against R. solani by dual culture method fungal bioagents viz., Trichoderma viride, T. harzianum and G. virens showed their maximum potential at lower pH (5 and 6) while bacterial bioagents viz., Pseudomonas fluorescens, P. maltophila, Bacillus subtilis and Azotobacter chroococcum were more active in the alkaline range. However, T. viride was effective in wide pH range. Similarly when bioagents were tested at different temperature regimes P. maltophila and T. viride showed their potential over a wide temperature range while others were effective in the temperature range of 20-30 oC. On the basis of antagonistic potential of bioagents in vitro five bioagents were selected for evaluation in the field both as seed and soil treatment. Best results in terms of reduction of disease severity were obtained in case of P. maltophila and T. viride. Further both the antagonists increased the tuber yield appreciably in comparison to check. Plant height was not affected by these treatments. Tubertreatment done with few resistance inducing chemicals viz., indole acetic acid, indole butyric acid, salicylic acid, nicotinic acid and benzoic acid at 0.125 and 0.25 per cent concentrations revealed salicylic acid to be most effective in reducing the disease followed by nicotinic acid. At 0.125 per cent concentration reduction in plant height was noticed on IAA and IBA at 30 days after sowing which recovered at 60 days after sowing. Effect of these chemicals on tuber yield were not well marked.