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Subject: Plant Pathology × Author: Abhishek Kumar × End date: 2023 × Start date: 2022 × Type: Thesis ×
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Studies on management of ashwagandha wilt and host-microbiome interaction with its incitant (Fusarium spp.)
    (CCSHAU, Hisar, 2023-01) Abhishek Kumar; Kushal Raj
    Wilt caused by Fusarium solani is major disease of ashwagandha in India leading to significant losses. Management of disease using bacterial endophytes and arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi is considered an eco-friendly and viable alternative to synthetic fungicides. The present study was carried out to explore the efficacy of bacterial endophytes retrieved from ashwagandha roots and arbuscular mycorrhizal fungal (AMF) cultures for Fusarium wilt management. Amongst 32 bacterial endophytic isolates screened against Fusarium solani under in vitro conditions, three isolates identified as Pseudomonas putida, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Pseudomonas sp. Strain HH170 exhibited significantly higher antagonistic activity i.e. 89.06%, 86.76% and 83.09% respectively against F. solani. Under screen house and field conditions all three promising endophytic bacteria were also found promising for growth attributes as well as managing wilt of ashwagandha. Amongst different treatments, seed treatment with combination of Carboxin 37.5% + Thiram 37.5 WS @ 4 g/kg. seed followed by endophytic bacterial culture suspension (108 cells/ml) @5 ml/kg seed exhibited maximum plant disease management under both screen house and field trials. Amongst four AMF cultures, i.e., Glomus mosseae, Glomus fasciculatum, Glomus intraradices and Glomus hoi inoculation with Glomus mosseae @ 600 spores/kg soil was found best for wilt incidence reduction, plant growth enhancement as well as boosting the nutrient content in ashwagandha roots. On the basis of various experiments, it was found that the combination of Carboxin 37.5% + Thiram 37.5 WS @ 4 g/kg. seed followed by application of endophytic bacterial culture suspension (108 cells/ml) @5 ml/kg seed and Glomus mosseae @600 spores/kg soil could be used as eco-friendly and viable option for wilt management and growth promotion in ashwagandha.