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ThesisItem Open Access Impact of plant growth regulators on growth, yield and quality of guava (Psidium guajava L.) cv. Hisar Safeda in winter season(CCS HAU, Hisar, 2022-07-15) Pravesh Kumar; Manender SinghThe present investigation was carried out to study the “Impact of plant growth regulators on growth, yield and quality of guava (Psidium guajava L.) cv. Hisar Safeda in winter season” in the Department of Horticulture, CCS Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar during 2021-22. The experiment comprised of ten different foliar treatments with three replications and were laid out in randomized block design (RBD) to assessed the effect of plant growth regulators on growth, yield and quality of guava. The results revealed that all the plant growth regulator treatments at different concentrations had significantly influenced yield, fruit development and quality parameters over absolute control. Among different treatments, for yield parameters, T6 (NAA at 100 ppm) performed better in terms of fruit set (56.73 %) whereas, T9 (GA3 at 100 ppm) observed better for fruit retention (59.85 %), fruit drop (40.17 %), no. of fruits per plant (364.52) and yield (65.49 kg/plant). Furthermore, for fruit development parameters, T9 (GA3 at 100 ppm) was found better in terms of diameter of fruit (7.23 cm), length of fruit (7.20 cm), average fruit weight (179.67 cm), average seed weight (3.21 g), fruit volume (179.22 cc). Moreover, for quality parameters, T6 (NAA at 100 ppm) performed better in terms of TSS (14.53 oB), acidity (0.31 %), TSS/Acid ratio (46.87) and sugar content i.e. total sugar (7.84 %), reducing sugar (4.63 %) and non-reducing sugar (3.21 %) while, T9 (GA3 at 100 ppm ) recorded better for pectin content (0.98 %), firmness of fruit (6.08 kg/inch) and ascorbic acid content (196.59 mg/100g pulp). However, parameters i.e. specific gravity and days to maturity were observed non-significant means all the treatments at different concentration were not significantly influenced these traits.ThesisItem Open Access Effect of floral preservatives and growth regulators on post harvest quality and vase life of tuberose(CCSHAU Hisar, 2022-08) Nasima; Sonu KumariThe present investigation entitled "Effect of floral preservatives and growth regulators on post harvest quality and vase life of tuberose” was carried out at laboratory of Department of Horticulture, CCS Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar during the year of 2022. Fifteen treatment combinations consisting of seven chemicals viz., sucrose (2% and 4%), citric acid (250 mg/l and 350 mg/l), silver nitrate (25 mg/l and 50 mg/l), aluminium sulfate (150 mg/l and 300 mg/l), gibberellic acid (100 mg/l and 150 mg/l), benzyal adenine (100 mg/l and 150 mg/l) and salicylic acid (100 mg/l and 150 mg/l) along with control (distilled water) were used in Completely Randomized Design with three replications. The vase solution of 4% sucrose + 150 mg/l salicylic acid (SA) was found promising in terms of number of opened florets per spike, percentage of opened florets per spike, freshness index, spike weight at wilting of 3rd floret, floret diameter, vase life and water uptake. This treatment was also found significant in reducing number of unopened florets per spike, water loss/water uptake ratio, physiological loss in weight and proximal end browning. However, the minimum days to opening of 3rd floret and number of florets open at a time was recorded in 4% sucrose +300 mg/l aluminium sulfate treatment.ThesisItem Open Access Influence of bio- inoculents in combination with organic manures on fresh on seed germination and seedling growth of fresh and aged seeds of guava(Chaudhary Charan Singh Haryana Agricultural University hisar, 2022-09) Reenu devi; Reenu devi; Sharma, Jeet Ram; Sharma, Jeet RamThe present investigation was carried out to study the effect of pre-sowing treatments on seed germination and seedling growth of guava (Psidium guajava L.) in the Department of Horticulture, CCS Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar during 2021-22. The experiments comprised of 15 different pre-sowing treatments viz, T1 (control), T2 (Sand + FYM), T3 (Sand + FYM + PSB), T4 (Sand + FYM + Azotobacter), T5 (Sand + FYM + VAM), T6 (Sand + FYM + PSB+ Azotobacter), T7 (Sand + FYM + PSB + VAM), T8 (Sand + Vermicompost), T9 (Sand + Vermicompost), T10 (Sand + Vermicompost + PSB), T11 (Sand + Vermicompost + Azotobacter), T12 (Sand + Vermicompost + VAM), T13 (Sand + Vermicompost + PSB + Azotobacter), T14 (Sand + Vermicompost + PSB + VAM), T15 (Sand + FYM + PSB + Azotobacter + VAM) with three replications in fresh and aged seeds of guava laid out in open field condition. Pre-sowing treatments significantly influenced seed germination and seedling growth of guava. Among different pre-sowing treatments, T15 (Sand + FYM + PSB + Azotobacter + VAM) performed best in terms of germination percentage, minimum no. of days taken for germination, maximum vigour indexes (vigour index- I and vigour index- II), maximum height of seedlings, Girth of seedling, maximum no. of leaves per seedling, maximum leaf area, maximum chlorophyll content, maximum fresh and dry weight of leaves, maximum fresh and dry weight of shoots, maximum number of roots, maximum root length, maximum fresh and dry weight of roots, maximum nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium content in leaf and soil in case of fresh and aged seeds of guava.ThesisItem Open Access Influence of bio- inoculents in combination with organic manures on fresh on seed germination and seedling growth of fresh and aged seeds of guava(Chaudhary Charan Singh Haryana Agricultural University hisar, 2022-09) Reenu devi; Sharma, Jeet RamThe present investigation was carried out to study the effect of pre-sowing treatments on seed germination and seedling growth of guava (Psidium guajava L.) in the Department of Horticulture, CCS Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar during 2021-22. The experiments comprised of 15 different pre-sowing treatments viz, T1 (control), T2 (Sand + FYM), T3 (Sand + FYM + PSB), T4 (Sand + FYM + Azotobacter), T5 (Sand + FYM + VAM), T6 (Sand + FYM + PSB+ Azotobacter), T7 (Sand + FYM + PSB + VAM), T8 (Sand + Vermicompost), T9 (Sand + Vermicompost), T10 (Sand + Vermicompost + PSB), T11 (Sand + Vermicompost + Azotobacter), T12 (Sand + Vermicompost + VAM), T13 (Sand + Vermicompost + PSB + Azotobacter), T14 (Sand + Vermicompost + PSB + VAM), T15 (Sand + FYM + PSB + Azotobacter + VAM) with three replications in fresh and aged seeds of guava laid out in open field condition. Pre-sowing treatments significantly influenced seed germination and seedling growth of guava. Among different pre-sowing treatments, T15 (Sand + FYM + PSB + Azotobacter + VAM) performed best in terms of germination percentage, minimum no. of days taken for germination, maximum vigour indexes (vigour index- I and vigour index- II), maximum height of seedlings, Girth of seedling, maximum no. of leaves per seedling, maximum leaf area, maximum chlorophyll content, maximum fresh and dry weight of leaves, maximum fresh and dry weight of shoots, maximum number of roots, maximum root length, maximum fresh and dry weight of roots, maximum nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium content in leaf and soil in case of fresh and aged seeds of guava.ThesisItem Open Access Effect of pruning on fruit production of ber (Ziziphus mauritiana) cv. Umran(Chaudhary Charan Singh Haryana Agricultural University hisar, 2022-07) Vinay; Murari LalThe present investigation entitled, "Effect of pruning on fruit production of the ber (Ziziphus mauritiana) cv. Umran" was conducted in the orchard of village Chang district Bhiwani of Haryana during the year 2021-2022. The experiment was planned using randomized block design (RBD). Four distinct degrees of pruning intensities (T1= 0%, T2= 25%, T3= 50%, and T4= 75%) were applied on the ber trees. Maximum plant shoot length, the diameter of the shoot and leaf area were observed in (T4) severe pruning, followed by (T3) moderate pruning. Plant spreading increases with control (T1) and decreases with (T4) severe pruning. As pruning severity increased, the fruit yield decreased compared to (T1) control (218.17 kg/plant). Trees pruned up to 50% pruning intensity (T3) had greatest fruit weight (34.88 g) and fruit size in terms of pulp weight (33.08 g), fruit length (44.03 mm) and fruit diameter (37.26 mm). Severe pruning reduced stone weight (1.63 g) over control. The pulp stone ratio was highest in (T3) moderate pruning (18.50). T.S.S., ascorbic acid, and T.S.S. acidity ratio was maximum under severe pruning (75%) and decreased as pruning intensity increased. Acidity and specific gravity have no major impact on pruning.ThesisItem Open Access Studies on the effect of growing media on seed germination and seedling growth of ber (Ziziphus mauritiana var. rotundifolia)(CCSHAU, Hisar, 2020-03) Najeebullah; Surender SinghA field experiment entitled “Studies on the effect of growing media on seed germination and seedling growth of ber (Ziziphus mauritiana var. rotundifolia)” was conducted during 2018-19 in the nursery at Experimental Orchard of CCS Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar. The media for the study were garden soil and sand with the different proportion of vermicompost, FYM and cocopeat constituting 16 treatments. The experiment was conducted in randomized block design. The results revealed that growing Media T7 : Garden soil + FYM + VC + CP (3:1:1:1) reduced the number of days for germination (19.33 days) and increased germination percentage (74.60%). and also improved the seedling height, stem girth, intermodal length, number of leaves, leaf area, fresh and dry weight of shoot and root and survival per cent. Media T7 having Garden soil + FYM + VC + CP (3:1:1:1) found better in improving the available N, P, K (165.7, 33.0 and 267.0 kg/ha). The same media also resulted into highest N content in leaves (1.47 %) over all other growing media, in ber seedlingsThesisItem Open Access Varietal evaluation of pomegranate for morpho-physiological traits under semi-arid condition of Haryana(CCSHAU, Hisar, 2020-07) Sangwan, Deepak; Sharma, Jeet RamA field experiment was conducted at the experimental orchard of the department of Horticulture, CCS Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar, Haryana. Ten germplasm having a wide range of variability in growth, flowering, fruit, and qualitative traits were studied in Random Block Design. Results showed that among the germplasm, Bhagwa showed maximum plant height and plant spread. Mridula showed maximum leaf blade size, shoot thorniness and highest juice content. Ganesh had highest TSS, lowest titrable acidity, minumim fruit cracking and showed shortest fruit maturity period. Kandhari had red colour of fruit having largest crown length, petiole length, highest aril and fruit weight and also have biggest fruit size. Jodhpur Red showed maximum petal size, thickest rind, largest aril and maximum number of fruits and yield, while, thinnest rind was found in Basein Seedless. Highest edible index and maximum calyx length was found in Jalore Seedless. In case of seed hardness the cultivars Ganesh, Jalore Seedless, Bhagwa and Mridula, Wonderful, S1 and S2 had soft seeds, Kandhari and Basin Seedless contained hard seeds and Jodhpur Red had very hard seeds. The growth habit was spreading type and foliage density was medium in most of the germplasm. Leaf blade shape varied from broad elliptical and lanceolate type, while, leaf apex shape varied from obtuse, rounded and acute in selected germplasm. Aril colour varied from light pink, pink and red, while, fruit colour varied from yellowish brown, light saffron, red, yellowish red, reddish brown, brownish green and greenish brown in selected germplasm. The calyx and corolla colour was found red, corolla type was single, fruit shape was round and fruits had crown in most of the cultivars.ThesisItem Open Access Effect of planting time on growth and flowering of Oriental lily varieties under polyhouse(CCSHAU,HiSAR, 2021-07) Rana, Naveen; Malik, ArvindThe present investigation was conducted at Agri-tourism Centre, CCSHAU, Hisar (Haryana) during 2019-2020 to study the effect of planting time on growth and flowering of Oriental lily varieties under polyhouse. The evaluation of varieties for a particular region is an important process in order to screen the potential cultivars for any specific region. Along with varieties, planting time significantly affect the crop production. Therefore standardization of planting time is very important to get a good growth and excellent quality of cut flowers. The present investigation laid out with five Oriental lily varieties (Casa Blanca, Calexico, St. Andrews, Profundo, Donato) along with three planting time (10th October, 24th October and 8th November) and observation were recorded for various vegetative, flowering and bulb parameters. The data recorded for different parameters were statistically analyzed by OPSTAT-CCSHAU, Hisar (Haryana) software (Sheoran et al., 1998) as per standard procedure for two factor analysis and reported that out of the three planting time, the Oriental lily planted on 10th October performed better results in terms of maximum plant height, number of leaves, leaf length, leaf width, number of flowering bud per plant, flower bud length, flower bud diameter, flower diameter, stem length, stem diameter, number of bulblets per plant, weight of bulb per plant, diameter of bulb and minimum days of bulb sprouting. However, the maximum percentage of sprouting and minimum days to emergence of first flower bud, days to color change of first flower bud, days to opening of first flower bud was recorded in crop planted on 8th November. Among the varieties, St. Andrews performed overall best with respect to highest percentage of bulb sprouting, plant height, leaf length, leaf width, flower bud length, flower bud diameter, flower diameter, stem length, stem diameter, number of bulblets per plant, weight of bulb per plant and diameter of bulb.ThesisItem Open Access Decipheration of genetic diversity in guava (Psidium guajava L.) using molecular markers(CCSHAU, Hisar, 2021) Sonu Kumar; Manender SinghAn experiment was conducted at Guava Demonstration Centre, Bhuna (Fatehabad) and laboratory work was carried out at Dept. of Horticulture and Dept. of MBB&B, CCS Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar during rainy and winter season 2020-21. Fifteen varities having a wide range of variability in growth, fruit, qualitative traits and genetic variation were studied. Results showed that the significant variation was found in case of tree growth habit, leaf and fruit morphological parameters among different varieties. Maximum values for growth characteristics such as foliage density, fruit length, fruit diameter and fruit weight was found in KG Guava. Most of the varieties had spreading type of growth habit, decussate type of phyllotaxy, oblong type leaf shape, dark green colour of leaf, round type of fruit shape, smooth surface of fruit, yellowish green fruit skin colour and creamy-white color of fruit pulp. KG Guava had maximum foliage density and minimum in L-49 in both season. KG Guava had maximum fruit length and minimum in Lalit in both season. Fruit diameter and weight was maximum in KG Guava and minimum in Allahabad Safeda in both rainy and winter season. TSS and TSS-acidity ratio had maximum in Hisar Safeda and minimum in Arka kiran in both season. Hisar Saeda had minimum titratable acidity and maximum in Arka kiran in both season. L-49 had maximum ascorbic acid and minimum in aishwarya in both rainy and winter season. In molecular characterization, Out of 40 primers 5 primers with no amplification among selected guava varieties and all 35 amplified primers were showed polymorphism. Diversity analysis detected a total of 117 alleles ranging from 2 to 7 alleles with an average of 3.34 per locus. The polymorphic information content had an average value of 0.59 across all 15 varieties with the range of 0.08 in mPgCIR251 to 0.84 in mPgCIR255. The primer mPgCIR236 can be used to distinguishe Pant Red from other varieties. Clustering of varieties distinctly separated into two major groups and PCA (2D and 3D) further showing results according to the clustering in Dendrogram. In population structure analysis the all varieties were grouped into two population and all were categorized as pure population. MAJOR ADVISOR
