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Subject: Genetics and Plant Breeding × Author: Aashu × End date: 2021 × Start date: 2021 × Thesis Type: M.Sc ×
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Evaluation of genetic variability for morpho-physio and quality traits in advance lines of wheat ( Triticum aestivum L. em. Thell. )
    (CCSHAU,HiSAR, 2021-08) Aashu; Solanki, Y.P.S.
    The present study entitled “ Evaluation of genetic variability for morpho-physio and quality traits in advance lines of wheat ( Triticum aestivum L. em. Thell. ) ” was conducted at research area of Wheat and Barley Section, Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, CCS HAU, Hisar during Rabi 2019- 2020. Observations on yield and its component traits were recorded on five randomly selected plants to evaluate mean performance, variability, correlation, path analysis and genetic diversity for days to 50 % heading, days to anthesis, days to maturity, plant height, number of effective tillers/meter, spike length, number of spikelets / spike, number of grains/spike, biological yield/plant, harvest index, 1000-grain weight, grain yield /plant, grain appearance score, hectoliter weight, sedimentation value, crude protein, total gluten content, wet gluten content, total soluble sugar, iron content, zinc content, NDVI 1, NDVI 2, CTD 1, CTD 2. Molecular characterization of genotypes was done using SSR markers. Results indicated the presence of considerable magnitude of variability among different genotypes with ample scope for further improvement. Highest GCV and PCV was exhibited by CTD 1, followed by CTD 2 in timely sown condition whereas, CTD 2, total soluble sugar under late sown condition. High heritability and high genetic advance were recorded for sedimentation value, total gluten content, wet gluten content. This illustrates the presence of additive gene effects, suggesting the efficacy of wheat improvement selection for these traits. Under both the conditions, grain yield exhibited positive and significant correlation with number of effective tillers/meter, spike length, number of spikelets / spike, number of grains/spike, biological yield/plant, harvest index, 1000- grain weight, wet gluten content, NDVI 1, NDVI 2, CTD 1 and CTD 2. Under timely sown condition, grain yield showed positive and significant association with hectoliter weight and negative correlation with wet gluten content whereas, in late sown condition grain yield was showing positive and significant association with sedimentation value. Biological yield had the greatest positive direct effect on grain yield followed by harvest index in both conditions. Negative direct effect was seen for days to 50 % heading and 1000 – grain weight in timely sown condition whereas, for spike length and 1000 – grain weight in late sown condition. For quality traits, highest direct effect was seen for hectoliter weight, sedimentation value and zinc content and rest of the traits showed negative direct effects in timely sown condition. Under late sown condition, highest positive direct effect was observed for sedimentation value, iron content, total soluble sugar, hectoliter weight, total gluten content whereas, rest of the traits showed negative direct effects. For physiological traits, highest positive and direct effect was seen for NDVI 1 in both conditions. Cluster II had maximum number of genotypes in both conditions. The genotypes of cluster I and V exhibited maximum divergence for both environments. The average intra cluster distance between the genotypes of cluster VI and I was maximum in timely and late sown conditions respectively. For grain yield, cluster VII (TS) and V (LS) had highest while cluster I had lowest mean value. Maximum contribution was exhibited by CTD 1 (TS) and zinc content (LS). Forty eight genotypes were divided into two groups using the NTSYS-PC UPGMA cluster tree analysis at a similarity coefficient of 0.53. Cluster I had 47 genotypes, whereas Cluster II contained only one genotype (G2).