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Theses

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2017 - 20197
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Subject: Fruit Science × End date: 2019 × Start date: 2017 × Type: Thesis ×
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Storage behavior of guava cultivars
    (CCSHAU, 2019) Gavri, Ankit; Sharma, Jeet Ram
    The present investigation entitled “Storage behavior of guava cultivars” was carried out at PG lab of the Department of Horticulture, CCS Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar during rainy and winter season of 2018.The study material comprised of 15 guava varieties which were evaluated for their storage behavior at ambient conditions in completely randomized design. The varieties were taken from Guava demonstration Centre, Bhuna (Fatehabad). They were evaluated on the basis of several physiological paramaters, biochemical parameters and organoleptic ratings. It was observed that there was decrease in moisture content, firmness, ascorbic acid, acidity and pectin content, with the advancement of storage period, during both the seasons, irrespective of cultivars. On the other hand, specific gravity, TSS and TSS: acid ratio was found to be increased with passage of storage time, regardless of cultivars during both the seasons. Among varieties, Hisar Safeda exhibited minimum loss in weight, decay loss and moisture content maximum organoleptic ratings in both the seasons and maximum reducing sugar, specific gravity and firmness in rainy season and also had highest TSS: acid ratio in winter season, while, in rainy season TSS: acid was found maximum in Arka Mridula. Firmness, total sugar, specific gravity and reducing sugar in winter season and TSS in rainy season were recorded maximum in cv. Pant Parbhat. Pectin content during both the seasons and ascorbic acid, total sugar and non-reducing sugar in rainy season was recorded maximum in cv. L-49. Barf Khana had the maximum ascorbic acid in winter season and acidity found minimum in Arka Mridula and Allahabad Safeda in rainy and winter season respectively. It was also observed thatwinter season fruits of all the varieties are much more superior to rainy season fruits.
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Studies on the effect of different sources of fertilizers on yield and quality of Kinnow mandarin
    (CCSHAU, 2019) Yadav, Monika; Rana, G.S.
    The current study entitled “Studies on the effect of different sources of fertilizers on yield and quality of kinnow mandarin” was carried out at experimental orchard, Department of Horticulture, CCS Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar during 2017-18. Soil application of different sources of fertilizers in a RBD with three replications by taking one replication per plant on 8-year-old kinnow plants raised on rough lemon rootstock. The effect of different fertilizer sources of nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P) and potassium (K) as well as different number of split applications on vegetative growth of plants were observed in terms of initial fruit set, final fruit retention, fruit drop, TSS, acidity, ascorbic acid and sugar content. The leaf and soil analyses with respect to N, P and K were done to establish the effect of differential fertilizer treatments on plant nutritional status as well as availability of these elements in the soil Ammonium sulphate(2838gm) + DAP(695gm) +KNO3(230gm) +ZnSO4 (200gm) proved most effective in improving growth parameters and yield. However, fruit quality parameters were enhanced with Ammonium sulphate (2975gm) +SSP (2000gm) +KNO3 (230gm) +ZnSO4 (200gm). Peel thickness increased with soil application of fertilizers. Similarly, improved leaf N, P and K content along with soil N, P, K and Zn, content was found with Ammonium sulphate (2838gm)+DAP (695gm)+KNO3(230gm)+ZnSO4(200gm) and Ammonium sulphate (2975gm)+ SSP (2000gm) +KNO3(230gm)+ZnSO4(200gm). However, no significant effect was observed on soil pH, EC, available Cu and Fe. Number of seeds per fruit was not considerably affected by different sources.
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    In-vitro seed germination of citrus rootstocks and micro-grafting studies in sweet orange (Citrus sinensis)
    (CCSHAU, 2019) Pragati; Godara, Anil Kumar
    Citrus is one of the world’s most economically important fruit crops and belongs to family Rutaceae. It is the third most cultivated fruit crop in the world after mango and banana. Citrus produces more citric acid per unit area as compare to other fruit crops and is major source of Vitamin-C in many countries. Conventionally, plants are propagated through budding but virus can easily transmit through budding. Viral infection transmitted through budding is the major cause of citrus decline in India. Due to diseased planting material, there is a need to develop an alternate method of propagation. Therefore, Meristem Culture and Micro-grafting technique can be used for the mass production of true-to-type, disease free quality planting material of sweet orange cv. Jaffa. In the present investigation, experiments were conducted to develop an efficient procedure for in-vitro seed germination of citrus rootstocks and micro-grafting of sweet orange (Citrus sinensis). Nodals explants were sterilized using bavistin (0.2%) and streptocycline (0.4 %) for 90-120 minutes followed by treatment with HgCl2 (0.1%) for 5-6 minutes. Sterilized explants were inoculated on MS basal supplemented with various concentration of BAP (0.25 - 2.0 mg/l) and established successfully. The regenerated explants were further used in taking shoot tips (0.2-0.4 mm). The maximum regeneration (100%) was reported on medium (CEE4) (MS basal medium with BAP-1.00 mg/l). The surface sterilized seeds of four citrus rootstocks, viz. Rough lemon, Rangpur lime, Pectinifera and Cleopatra mandarin were aseptically inoculated using three different medium. Rough lemon was found to be most responsive amongst all other rootstocks with 100% seed germination in 7.1 days with maximum 2.5 seedlings per seed and maximum 4.0 cm shoot length on medium CSG2 (MS basal medium + BAP 0.5 mg/l + NAA 1.0 mg/l + GA3 4.0 mg/l). The micro-grafting was carried out using seedling of different ages (20, 24, 28 and 32 days) of rootstocks and excised shoot tip (0.2-0.4 mm) of sweet orange cv. Jaffa. Rough lemon was found to be easiest rootstock for micro-grafting as it showed maximum micro-grafting success (33.3%) on 20 and 24 days old seedlings and took minimum days (19.4) for graft union in micro-grafted plants of sweet orange cv. Jaffa. Successfully micro-grafted plantlets were successfully hardened in green house using sterilized mixture of cocopeat, perlite and vermiculite in the ratio of 1:2:1 and finally transferred to field. The procedure will be very useful for further production of disease free budwood stock.
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Response of biofertilizers on growth, yield and quality of strawberry (Fragaria × ananassa Duch.)
    (CCSHAU, 2019) Anuradha; Goyal, R.K.
    The present experiment entitled Response of biofertilizers on growth, yield and quality of strawberry (Fragaria × ananassa Duch.) was conducted at Hi-tech greenhouse and Post-harvest Laboratory of the Department of Horticulture, CCS Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar (Haryana) during the year 2016-17 and 2017-18 to find out the best bacterial strain that enhanced the growth, yield and quality of strawberry and minimize the disease incidence in fruits. The data were recorded on plant height, number of leaves per plant, plant spread, crown diameter, fresh weight of plant, dry weight of plant, number of runners per plant, number of fruits per plant, fresh weight of fruit, length and breadth of fruits, yield per plant, moisture content in fruits, total soluble solids, titratable acidity, ascorbic acid content and anthocyanin content. The recorded data were subjected to statistical analysis using Completely Randomized Design (factorial). The strawberry plants were inoculated with different strains of Bacillus and Pseudomonas and their combination and all the rhizobaterial inoculated plants fertilized with 75% RDF. Different strains of Bacillus and Pseudomonas had significant effect on growth, yield and quality of strawberry. The results indicate that strawberry plants fertilized with 100% RDF significantly increased growth, yield and quality of strawberry, however plants inoculated with Bacillus strain HCA61 and Pseudomonas strain CP109 were potent in increasing all growth and yield parameters whereas, among quality parameters maximum TSS was observed in Bacillus strain RCA3 and maximum ascorbic acid content and anthocyanin content was observed in Bacillus strain SYB101, and plants inoculated with Pseudomonas strain CP109 produces maximum TSS, minimum titrable acidity, maximum ascorbic acid content and anthocyanin content of fruits. The minimum disease incidence in fruits, i.e., gray mould and fruit rot was observed in plants supplied with Bacillus strain HCA61. The strains CP109 + HCA61 and MHA75 + HCA61 showed best results for growth, yield and minimum disease incidence.
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Studies on the effect of chemicals on buddability and budding success in rough lemon (Citrus jambhiri Lush) seedling
    (CCSHAU, 2017) Gaurav Kant; Dalal, R.P.S.
    The present investigation entitled “Studies on the effect of chemicals on buddability and budding success in rough lemon (Citrus jambhiri Lush) seedling” was conducted in Department of Horticulture, CCS Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar during 2016-17. The experiment was carried out in Randomized Block Design (RBD) with thirteen treatments and three replication comprising foliar application of T1 (GA3 50 ppm + Urea 0.5%), T2 (GA3 50 ppm + Urea 1%), T3 (GA3 100 ppm + Urea 0.5%), T4 (GA3 100 ppm + Urea 1 %), T5 (NAA 50 ppm + Urea 0.5%), T6 (NAA 50 ppm + Urea 1%), T7 (NAA 100 ppm + Urea 0.5%), T8 (NAA 100 ppm + Urea 1%), T9 (ABA 50 ppm + Urea 0.5%), T10 (ABA 50 ppm + Urea 1% ), T11 (ABA 100 ppm + Urea 0.5%), T12 (ABA 100 ppm + Urea 1%) and T13 (Control, Water spray) twice after 30 and 60 days after transplanting on the same seedlings. Growth parameters like seedling height (73.52 cm), number of leaves (82.19), fresh weight (104.91 g), dry weight (33.18 g), leaf area (965,70 cm2), shoot dry weight (25.53 g), root fresh weight (16.83 g), root dry weight (7.65 g), root volume (14.57 ml) were found maximum in treatment T4 (GA3 100 ppm + Urea 1%) whereas, maximum number of secondary (43.00) and tertiary roots (87.67) was observed in treatment T8 (NAA 100 ppm + Urea 1%), maximum root diameter (12.93 mm) was observed in treatment T11 (ABA 100 ppm + Urea 0.5%). At 180 days after transplanting, maximum number of buddable seedling (95.24 %) was recorded in T11 (ABA 100ppm + Urea 0.5%) and T12 (ABA 100 ppm + Urea 1%) closely followed by (90.48 %) in T9 (ABA 50 ppm + Urea 0.5%) and T10 (ABA 50 ppm + Urea 1%). Maximum budding success (75.24 %) was found in the treatment T4 (GA3100 ppm +Urea 1%) closely followed by (67.50 %) in T12 (ABA 100ppm + Urea 1%). Maximum nitrogen (1.12 %) and potassium content (1.11 %) was estimated in the treatment T4 (GA3100 ppm + Urea 1%). On the basis of the findings of the present study it is clear that the growth of rough lemon seedlings was accelerated by the application of GA3 (100 ppm + urea 1%) and maximum and earlier buddable seedlings (95.24 %) was obtained in treatment T11 (ABA 100 ppm + Urea 0.5%).
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Studies on influence of foliar application of nutrients on growth, yield and quality of guava (Psidium guajava L.) cv. L-49
    (CCSHAU, 2017) Yadav, Priya; Sharma, J.R.
    The present investigations entitled “Studies on influence of foliar application of nutrients on growth, yield and quality of guava (Psidium guajava L.) cv. L-49”, was carried out on the four years old guava trees of cv. L-49, planted at a spacing of 6 m x 6 m in sandy laom soil at Experimental Orchard of Department of Horticulture, Chaudhary Charan Singh Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar during the year 2016-17. For the purpose of recording data, thirty nine uniform plants were selected and sprayed with ZnSO4 (0.50, 0.75 and 1.00%), FeSO4 (0.2, 0.4 and 0.6%), K2SO4 (0.5, 1.0 and 1.5%) and Urea (1.0, 1.5 and 2.0%), before flowering and after fruit set stage, during rainy and winter season. Based on the overall quantitative and qualitative assessment of fruits, it can be concluded that all the parameters were significantly influenced significantly with different treatment except acidity, number of seeds and weight of 100 seeds. Maximum increment in growth parameters i.e. plant height, plant spread, stem girth and average shoot length, maximum number of flowers per branch, fruit set, number of fruits per plant, fruit weight, volume of fruits, fruit size (length and breadth) and yield per tree were recorded in the trees sprayed with ZnSO4 @1.00 per cent, along with minimum number of days taken for fruit set, fruit drop and number of days for fruit maturity. However, maximum value of ascorbic acid, total sugars and non-reducing sugars were recorded under K2SO4 @1.5 per cent, during both the seasons of investigation. TSS was recorded maximum in the fruits picked from the trees sprayed with K2SO4 @1.5 per cent, during rainy season, while with K2SO4 @1.0 per cent, during winter season. Reducing sugars was recorded maximum under K2SO4 @1.00 per cent and K2SO4 @1.5 per cent, during rainy and winter season, respectively. However, effect on acidity, number of seeds per fruit and weight of 100 seeds per fruit was non-significant in both the seasons. Maximum N content in leaf was obtained with Urea @2 per cent, P and K content were obtained with K₂SO₄ @1.5 per cent, Zn content was obtained with the spray of ZnSO₄ @1.00 per cent and Fe content was obtained with the spray of FeSO4 @0.6 per cent.
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Studies on chemical thinning for quality improvement in Japanese plum (Prunus salicina Lindl.) cv. Kala Amritsari
    (CCSHAU, 2017) Rajput, Vinita; Bhatia, S.K.
    The present investigations entitled “Studies on chemical thinning for quality improvement in Japanese plum (Prunus salicina Lindl.) cv. Kala Amritsari”, was carried out on the eleven year old plum trees planted at a spacing of 6 m x 6 m at experimental farms of Department of Horticulture, Chaudhary Charan Singh Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar during the year 2014-16. The three individual experiments, viz. foliar application of GA3 for flower inhibition, chemical blossom thinning and chemical fruitlet thinning were performed. GA3 at 25, 50, 75 and 100 ppm was spayed before the leaf fall stage in year 2014. The blossom thinning chemicals, urea (4 & 6%), ATS (2 & 4%) and NAA (20 & 40 ppm) were spayed at full stage. The fruitlet thinning chemicals, thiourea (2.5 & 5%), NAA (50 & 100 ppm) and ethephon (50 & 100 ppm) were sprayed after fruit set when the fruits attained pea size. The observations regarding, flowering, fruiting and fruit quality parameters were recorded at different time during the year 2015 and 2016. The application of GA3 at 100 ppm was found most effective in reducing crop load (49.22% and 44.02% reduction in flowering) and increased fruit weight (15.68 g) followed by GA3 applications at 75 ppm as compared to control. Quality parameters (TSS, TSS/acid ratio, sugars etc.) were recorded highest in 75 ppm GA3 treatment. The blossom thinning with ATS at 4% resulted in minimum number of fruits per shoot (32.64, 28.11) and thereby increased fruit size (24.87 mm & 22.82 mm length) and quality parameters followed by ATS treatment at 2%. Among the chemicals used for fruitlet thinning, ethephon at 100 ppm (20.74, 18.27) followed by ethephon at 50 ppm (22.13, 21.00) resulted in minimum number of fruits per shoot and the fruit quality parameters (TSS- 14.65%, 13.70%) were found to be maximum with the application of ethephon at 100 ppm followed by application of NAA at 100 ppm and ethephon at 50 ppm. All the chemical thinning treatments significantly reduced the crop load on tree, increased leaf to fruit ratio, leaf area, fruit weight, fruit size and improved fruit quality, but reduced total yield as compared to control in both the years.