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20212
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Subject: Forestry × End date: 2021 × Start date: 2020 × Type: Thesis × Thesis Type: Ph.D ×
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Mapping and Monitoring of Agroforestry areas in Yamunanagar, Ambala and Panchkula districts of Haryana state using Geospatial techniques
    (CCS HAU, Hisar, 2021-07-30) Bojja Harish Babu; Bimlendra Kumari
    The study was conducted to map and monitor the agroforestry areas in Yamunanagar, Ambala and Panchkula districts of Haryana state from the year 2000 to 2019 through geospatial techniques using LISS-III (2000, 2005 and 2010) and LISS-IV (2015 and 2019) satellite data. Apart from mapping and monitoring, an attempt has been made to identify potential agroforestry sites like scrubs, fallows and piedmont areas on LISS-IV dataset of 2019 by on screen digitization technique for future cultivation of agroforestry species by farmers in the study area. Supervised method of classification technique was adopted to classify LU/LC classes like agroforestry, agriculture, forest, built-up, waterbodies, plantations and riverbed areas. The results of the study revealed that, agroforestry area delineated in Yamunanagar for the year 2000 (3,898.62 ha), 2005 (5,403.17 ha), 2010 (7,134.90 ha), 2015 (14,650.51 ha) and 2019 (17,022.76 ha). In Ambala 2000 (2,696.48 ha), 2005 (3,745.33 ha), 2010 (7,400.92 ha), 2015 (12,350.91 ha) and 2019 (15,552.53 ha). In Panchkula 2000 (1,098.15 ha), 2005 (1,212.8 ha), 2010 (1,784.03 ha), 2015 (2,034.87 ha) and 2019 (2,367.12 ha). The accuracy of the image classification was delineated based on the ground truth data and accuracy found in agroforestry was 90% for Yamunanagar, 95% for Ambala and 93% for Panchkula districts By the extraction of vector layers from the classified raster image, blockwise monitoring of agroforestry areas was delineated and change in various categories of LU/LC by performing overlay analysis in ArcGIS platform was detected and results revealed were (5,678.5 ha) in Yamunanagar, (6,783.6 ha) in Ambala and (1,202.6 ha) in Panchkula, the agriculture areas were converted to agroforestry areas from the year 2000 to 2010 and (14,486.6 ha) in Yamunanagar, (13,534.8 ha) in Ambala and (1,866.2 ha) in Panchkula, the agriculture areas were converted to agroforestry areas from the year 2010 to 2019. Based on the groundwater quality, soil condition and rainfall factor in the study area, potential sites were digitized, the results revealed that, about 10,525.76 ha of the potential sites were identified and mapped in Yamunanagar, around 12,179. 85 ha in Ambala and 4,023 ha in Panchkula districts. Based on the study, it is concluded that with the use of LISS-III and LISS-IV satellite data accurate mapping of agroforestry areas can be delineated which would help the planners in monitoring and identification of hotspots for suitable interventions in the districts.
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Plus tree selection, progeny testing, breeding behaviour and evaluation of genetic diversity in Tecomella undulata (Sm.) Seem
    (CCSHAU, Hisar, 2021-01) Daneva, Vijay; Beniwal, R.S.
    Tecomella undulata (Sm.) Seem is an important shrub or small tree, mainly found in northwestern India and southern Pakistan. Now a days, the plant is under endangered category due to its over exploitation coupled with minimum conservation and reforestation efforts. The vital importance of Rohida in present day context in terms of its multiple different uses in general and lack of knowledge on its genetic characters especially breeding behaviour, selection of superior trees, testing of progeny and use of molecular markers for diversity analysis. The study of phenology, flowering nature and reproductive biology was carried out on the already existed plants at village Luttu, District Jhunjhunu, Rajasthan. The remaining part of the investigation was studied by collecting thirty three plus trees from different agro-climatic zones of Haryana and Rajasthan on the basis of desirable traits. Analysis of diversity was assessed by using ISSR markers. Mild defoliation started in last week of November which continued till 4th week of March. In majority of trees, the leaves turned to yellowish brown during the last week of December followed by high rate of defoliation, however, complete leaflessness stage was never seen in any of the tree observed. Within a week of leaf emergence, floral bud emergence started in 4th week of February which continued till 1st week of March. Observations on flowering habit indicated that bud began to appear as small protruding structures in the 4th week of February. Peak period of flowering varied from 22-30 days. Flowering got completed by April end to first week of May. The maximum flowering (37.21%) was recorded between 0800-0900 h. Pod initiation started after the completion of flowering i.e. in the 2nd week of May. The period of pod development and maturity ranged from 65 to 72 days. The pod maturity was observed from 2nd fortnight of June onwards. Duration of bud initiation to pod maturity varied from 141 to 152 days. Pollen stainability in 1% acetocarmine ranged from 80.00 to 88.18 per cent with an average of 82.97 per cent. The pod setting under open pollination ranged between 7.14- 17.50 with an average of 12.40 and no pod setting under selfing. It was clear that average pod setting under selfing and open pollination differed significantly which results that open pollinated nature of this particular specie. A considerable amount of variation for different morphological characters such as height, clear bole height, girth at breast height etc. was found among twenty one diverse plus trees for morphological traits. Ample genetic variation was also observed for field emergence, seedling height, basal diameter, root length and number of branches among the progenies of the selected plus trees. By the study both in nursery and under controlled environment, it was estimated that progeny of plus tree ATU 28 from Ghanghu (Churu), Rajasthan showed the maximum growth performance and higher vigour value amongst all the progenies. 13 ISSR primers were used to assess the genetic diversity and average 62.36% polymorphism was detected amongst 24 genotypes of Tecomella undulata. The similarity indices between different genotypes ranged from 0.46 to 1.00. Maximum similarity value of 1.00 was observed between TU8, TU14, TU15 and TU24 whereas TU9 was found to be genetically most diverse amongst all genotypes with lowest similarity value of 0.46. Ample genetic variation was found amongst all the collected genotypes using ISSR markers which can be utilized for breeding programs to develop new varieties.