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ThesisItem Open Access Fish diversity, their morphometric measurements, length weight relationship and physciochemical characteristics in drains of Rohtak district, Haryana(Chaudhary Charan Singh Haryana Agricultural University hisar, 2022-07) Parul; Gulati, RachnaDuring the study, forty-five species from Rohtak drain canal were recorded belonging to 9 orders, 14 families and 30 genera. Fish species belonged to order Cypriniformes, Osteoglossiformes, Anabantiformes, Perciformes, Cichliformes, Siluriformes, Synbranchiformes and molluscs belonged to order Architaenioglossa, Helisomascalaris. The percent distribution of fish species in different orders showed that maximum species (51%) belonged to Cypriniformes followed by Siluriformes (18%), Anabantiformes (11%). Osteoglossiform, Perciformes contributed 5 percent species and Synbranchiformes contributed 4 percent species. The rest of the orders, viz., Cichliformes, Architaenioglossa and Helisomascalaris were represented by 2 percent species each out of the total 45 species recorded during study period. The fish species composition as per IUCN status showed majority species belonged to least concern (35 species, 80%), 4 species (9%) as vulnerable, 2 species (5%) as near threatened, 1species (2%) as endangered, 1 species (2%) not evaluated and 1species (2%) data deficient. As per economic importance, 67 percent fishes have food value, 24 percent ornamental value and 9 percent fishes having both food and Ornamental value. Out of the total species recorded, 49 percent of the fish species each were omnivorous followed by 35 carnivorous and 9 percent herbivorous and 7% detritivorous fishes. The fishes of Cyprinidae, Channidae, Ambasidae, Bagridae, Siluridae and Ampulariidae family showed 100 percent catch frequency. The dominance of fish species was higher in month of November (0.4835). Highest Shannon index (1.198) was recorded in the month of April and least in November (0.7907). Length-length relationships for L. bata, C. mrigala, P. chola, M. vittatus, W. attu were highly significant and positive with the most of the coefficient determination value being greater than 0.90. The parameter “b” was less than 1 in all the length-length relationships and remained within the range of 0.113 to 0.954.In the present study, linear regression was highly significant for all species with R2values ranging from 0.581 (Labeo bata ) to 0.937 (Mystus vittatus). The estimated allometric coefficient a of the LWR ranged from 0.001 in Labeo bata to 0.376 in Mystus vittatus, while b ranged from 0.416 (Puntius chola) to 2.614 (Wallago attu). A curvilinear relationship was observed between total length and total weight. The results revealed negative allometric growth pattern for selected five fish species (b>3, p<0.05) and belonged to light group. The values of Fulton‟s condition factor were found more than one for Cirrhinus mirgala (1.008) and Puntius chola (36.096) which indicated good growth performance of these species. The Fulton‟s condition factor for Labeo bata was near to 1 (0.917) in the present study. A significant positive correlation was recorded between EC (0.65), turbidity (0.85), Dissolved oxygen (0.87), alkalinity (0.73) and number of fish per catch. Significant inverse relationship between Ammonia (-0.80), Hardness (-0.81) and the fish catch was recorded. The phytoplankton diversity with their abundance in drain canal water showed the presence of 27 genera belonging to three classes: Chlorophyceae, Bacillariophyceae (Diatoms) and Cynophyceae. Out of these,12 was of common abundance, 8 were of moderate abundance, 7 were of rare abundance. 10 zooplanktons species were recorded. Except Daphnia magna, Dhaphnia sp. and Chilodonella sp. (moderate abundance), the rest of the genera showed rare abundance.ThesisItem Open Access Study of building design of CCSHAU, Hisar and approaches to meet the needs of differently abled people.(CCSHAU, Hisar, 2021-08) Aysha Be; PromilaStudy was conducted in CCS HAU, Hisar campus, for study objective-I; 30 differently abled people including employees (teaching and non-teaching) and student having any one of the four physical disabilities (vision, hearing, semi ambulatory, non-ambulatory) were selected randomly. Infrastructure design of College of Home Science, College of Agriculture, College of Agriculture Engineering, College of Basic Sciences and Humanities, Nehru Library, IG Auditorium and Fletcher Bhawan of CCSHAU, Hisar was studied as per standard of AICTE and CPWD guidelines. Retrofit measures were suggested for different features of building infrastructure. Based on findings of present study, it was found that 60.0 per cent respondent were between the age group of 20-28 years and were found to be doing non-teaching type of jobs (46.6%) and majority (80.0%) were having disability of semi ambulatory type. Regarding satisfaction on building infrastructure, 63.3 per cent of the respondents were found to be satisfied width door width of toilet while 60.0 per cent of the respondents were unsatisfied with signages used inside and outside of the toilet. 40.0 per cent of the respondents were found to be unsatisfied with the height of book shelf provided in the library whereas 70.0 per cent of the respondents were unsatisfied regarding the floors surface in the library Study revealed that 76.6 per cent people were able to travel to their work place independently while a were few respondents (6.6%) were taking partial assistance for toilet activity. Building design features were critically examine and observed on the basis of guidelines, findings of study revealed that doors of office, classroom and toilet were found to be appropriate as per standard dimension. Rear grab bar, emergency alarm and guiding blocks were major lacking features in all the buildings. Results of the study revealed that lighting level was measured for reception in COHS ( 170±1.6), COBS&H ( 190±2.1), COA ( 168±1.9), F.B ( 108±2.1) and I.G ( 126±1.2) were found less than the recommended dimensions. Further, study concluded that three buildings were having no provision of ramp at entrance, knee space of classroom furniture was measured but found to be less than the standard dimensions in all the buildings also uneven floor and front threshold making environment inaccessible for differently abled students as well as teachers. Essential features like accessible toilets, ramp, lift area and proper level of landing etc were found to be absent in some of the buildings. Based on present study, for creating barrier free environment and enhancing accessibility of differently abled people retrofit measures were suggested for different infrastructural design including; threshold steps, main building entrance, door, ramps, drooped kerb, stairs, lifts, corridors and functional areas such as classrooms, seminar hall/auditoriumThesisItem Open Access Knowledge and Usage of Energy Conservation Equipment and Methods by Rural Families(CCSHAU, Hisar, 2021-07) Meenu; Sehgal, BinooEnergy is very essential in the entire process of evolution, growth and survival of the world. The endeavour to reduce energy consumption by utilizing less of an energy service is known as energy conservation. The energy consumption of Indian households is estimated to account for almost 40% of the country's total energy consumption. The study was conducted in Hisar district from Haryana state and four villages (Ludas, Rawalwas Khurd, Siswal and Neoli Kalan) adopted by College of Home Science under RAWE programme in the past years were purposively selected. For objective I, 50 respondents were randomly selected from each village. Thus, the total sample size was 200. Under objective II, knowledge about all the equipment and methods for energy conservation was imparted to 100 selected rural respondents (25 from each village) who were showing interest and were willing to gain knowledge. Gain in knowledge was studied after 30 days of imparting knowledge to 100 rural respondents. Questions were asked regarding willingness of respondents to adopt the energy conservation equipment. The results show that maximum number of respondents (59.5%) belonged to the age group of 20-35 years, 89.5 percent were married, educated up to 10+2 (27.5%) and farming was main family occupation (27.5%). 90.0 percent of the respondents had pre-knowledge regarding pressure cooker followed by CFL (74.5 %), box type solar cooker (34.5%), solar fan (33.0%), Improved chulha (MDV chulha) (30.5%) and solar inverter (30.0%). Maximum gain in knowledge was found about solar dryer (M.S.=0.82) followed by solar lantern, solar tubewell and solar room cooler. Maximum increase in adoption was found about LED (7.0%) followed by improved chulha (6.0%), CFL (5.0%) and solar fan (2.0%). The maximum gain in knowledge regarding energy conservation methods was found about “Buy domestic LPG stove with star level or ISI mark” (M.S.=0.79) followed by “Lighting should be installed according to the task to be done” (M.S. =0.77) and “Let the cold food extracted from the fridge come to normal temperature before cooking” (M.S.=0.75). The maximum increase in adoption of energy conservation methods was found about “Cover the utensil with a lid to speed up the cooking process” i.e. 74.0 percent followed by “Clean the condenser coils 3-4 times a year” i.e. 68.0 percent and “Dirty bulbs and tube lights reduce illumination, so keep them clean” i.e. 67.0 percent. After gaining knowledge, six respondents had adopted improved chulha (MDV chulha) and four respondents had adopted pressure cooker; two respondents had adopted solar light and solar fan; seven respondents had purchased LED, and many of the respondents were willing to adopt these equipment in future.ThesisItem Open Access Work-Life Balance of Female School Teachers of Urban and Rural Area(CCSHAU, Hisar, 2021-07) Reetu Rani; Dua, KavitaThe present study was conducted in randomly selected Hisar and Panipat districts of Haryana state. The data was collected from the government senior secondary schools of urban and rural area of selected districts. A list of female post graduate teachers employed in schools of urban and rural area was prepared in both the selected districts. Out of that list, a sample of 80 respondent (40 from urban and 40 from rural area) was selected randomly of both districts respectively. Thus, comprising a total sample size of 160 respondents. A set of independent variables and three dependent variables viz. work profile, work life balance and general well-being were selected for this purpose. The inferences were drawn on the basis of frequency; percentage mean score, average mean score, independent z test and Pearson’s coefficient of correlation. Profiles of the respondents revealed that majority of the respondents were in 35-45 years of age group, married and belonged to joint family. Majority of them had service as their major occupation and annual family income between Rs.7-14 lakhs. it was observed that Workplace/ school is found to be extremely responsible for work life balance and the school organization do not provide adequate basic amenities and work life balance policies to the respondents which directly affects their work life balance. A significant difference was found in comparison of factors influencing the work life balance of female school teacher of urban and rural area and revealed that the factors related to work and family life affected the work life balance of rural area as compared to urban area. Support system from the family members also influence the work life balance of female school teachers. It was clearly found that age, family size, spouse working status, annual income of family, working hours at school, distance of home and travel time were positively associated and correlated significantly with the impact of factors influencing the work life and personal life of respondents of both urban and rural area. To achieve a healthy work life balance, female teachers perform various management strategies like meditation, relaxation technique, exercise, entertainment, sleep and delegation of work. It was clearly found that delegation of work was the most adopted strategy to attain a desirable work life balance as it got maximum average mean score (3.48) with first rank.ThesisItem Open Access Study on Occupational stress among bank employees of rural and urban areas of Hisar district(CCSHAU, Hisar, 2021-04) Sangwan, Deepika; Dua, KavitaDue to globalization, liberalization, increased competition in the banking sector, downsizing, the adoption of new technology, and so on, the banking sector has undergone rapid and striking policy changes in India. Because of these changes, employees are facing a high degree of stress in the banking sector. The present study was conducted purposively in Hisar district of Haryana state, the sample was selected from public sector banks only as in rural areas, majority of public sector banks exist From the selected banks, 100 respondents each from rural and urban Public sector banks were selected purposively who were willing to co-operate and must be working in banking sector for minimum of 2 years, thus comprising a total sample size of 200 respondents. Data regarding dependent and independent variables were collected with the help of pre tested interview schedule. The inferences were drawn on the basis of frequency; percentage mean score, average mean score and Pearson’s coefficient of correlation. Results revealed that Job oriented factor was found to be the biggest factor causing occupational stress in the respondents. A significant difference was found in comparison of factors causing occupational stress among employees in rural and urban banks and revealed that rural public sector bank employees faced high level of stress as compared to urban public sector bank employees. it was concluded that majority of the respondents were suffering from symptom of physical stress like headache, neck pain etc. various coping strategies like “meditation, motivation, relaxation technique, exercise, entertainment, healthy diet, social support system, sleep, religious and get to gather” were found to be adopted by rural and urban public sector bank employees. It was found that relaxation was the most adopted strategy by the respondents to cope up with occupational stress and it was clearly found that age, education, designation, length of service (in years), distance travelled for bank(kms), family type and size were positively associated and correlated significantly with job oriented factors and problems & challenges in rural and urban public sector bank employees which means increased in these independent variables the occupational stress level also increased .ThesisItem Open Access Biomechanical Stress of Women in Cattle Feeding Activities(CCSHAU, Hisar, 2021-07) Khushaboo; Mehta, ManjuRural women have a vital role in all aspects of family, farm, and related activities, but they were deprived of access to the majority of life's amenities. The study was conducted in randomly selected two villages Khairampur and Bhana from Adampur and Agroha block of Hisar district of Haryana state. In phase I, sixty households were selected purposively from each village, thus making a total sample of 120 households. a sample of 30 physically fit respondents, willing to cooperate in the age group of 25-40 years were selected for phase II and data on grip fatigue, postural measurement and MSD was collected.The maximum respondents were in the age group of 25-37year (54.17%), belonged to the general category (75%), and farming was the family occupation (84.17%), were educated up to secondary school (39.17%), had average family education status (64.17%) and nuclear families (71.67%) with small family size (72.50%). They had a pacca house (98.34%) and had 2.5-5 acres of land (48.33%). The monthly income was Rs.30,001-50,000. The majority of respondents possessed buffalo (96.00%). In Half (50.00%) of the households distance of cattle shed from outside the house was up to 15-177 m, and had pacca sheds (92.5%). Backache was the major problem faced by respondents (WMS – 2.42) and the least faced problem was allergy/breathing problems (WMS – 1.78). The fodder collection was mainly done by the respondent in sitting posture, using sickle and average time, distance and weight carried was 52.10 min, 221.1 m and 42.7 kg per day respectively. Extreme discomfort was in lower arm and least was in foot which was recovered in 5-15 min. Fodder chaffing was performed in standing posture in 17.20 min. and majority (69.17%) didn’t have feeling of discomfort just after the activity of fodder chaffing. The cattles were fed with mainly mixed feed and cotton seed (4.99kg/day each).almost all had feeling of discomfort in one or other body parts while feeding the cattle’s. Highest discomfort was in shoulder (MS -3.33) and tiniest was in wrist (MS-2.14) which was recovered in 5- 15 min. Average feed given was 26.48 kg and were feeding their cattle's twice a day in 7.24 min. using Ghamela/tasla. The average distance travelled and weight carried in feeding was 13.8m and 10.32kg respectively. A thumping majority (80.0%) of the respondents was having feeling discomfort after feeding activity, utmost discomfort was in shoulder and least was in neck. Most of the respondents were giving water more than three times in summer and 95.00% of the respondents were giving water twice a day in winter. Neck was the most affected part in feed preparation and feeding activity mid back; lower arms and lower back were most affected in drinking water, fodder cutting and fodder chaffing activity respectively. The grip fatigue was highest in fodder cutting, i.e. 2.77 and lowest in feeding activity, i.e. 1.75. The rapid upper limb assessment (RULA) scores and Ovako working posture analysis systems (OWAS) score was highest in feeding activity which indicates it requires corrective measures in the near future. Major discomfort through Visual Analogue Discomfort (VAD) score (3.68) and repetitive strain score (6.09) was highest in feeding activity. Total biomechanical stress was found to be highest in feeding activity, so tool Prototype i.e. Motile Cattle Feeding Trolley was developed to overcome the biomechanical stress.ThesisItem Open Access Feasibility study of establishing herbal gardens in Hisar district(CCSHAU, Hisar, 2020-10) Rekha; Sehgal, BinooHerbal plants are also called medicinal herbs or plants. Herb refers to any part of the plant like fruit, seed, stem, bark, flower, leaf, stigma or a root, as well as a non-woody plant including those that come from trees and shrubs. As per data available over three-quarters of the world population relies mainly on plants and plant extracts for their health care needs. More than 30% of the entire plant species, at one time or other were used for medicinal purposes. The objectives of the study were: (i) to study the plantation, use pattern and knowledge of medicinal plants by homemakers ;(ii) to study feasibility of establishing herbal gardens in homes;(iii)to delineate the constraints in establishing herbal gardens. The study was conducted in randomly selected four villages and four urban localities of Hisar city of Haryana state. The data were collected from 50 urban and 50 rural respondents who had planted and used at least two medicinal plants in their homes (objective 1). 5 urban and 5 rural respondents were selected to find out the feasibility and constraints in establishing herbal gardens in Hisar district (objective 2, 3).It was found that 12 medicinal plants were grown by urban respondents and 10 by rural respondents. In urban area 92% of the respondents had grown Holy basil followed by 90% and 84% respondents who had grown Aloe vera and Marjoram plants respectively and in rural area, 96% respondents had grown Holy basil plant followed by 90% and 86% respondents who had grown Marjoram and Aloe vera plants respectively. In urban area, 82% of the respondents had used Holy basil followed by 80% and 76% respondents who had used Aloe vera and Marjoram plants respectively and in rural area 88% respondents had used Holy basil plant followed by 82% and 80% respondents using Aloe vera and Marjoram plants respectively. In urban area, majority of the respondents had procured medicinal plants from nursery while in rural area, more than half of medicinal plants were procured from nursery and some from friends and relatives. Regarding pre-knowledge 5 benefits of medicinal plants, it was found that in both urban and rural areas, highest knowledge was about the Holy Basil and Aloe vera plants and the least knowledge was about Air plant, Periwinkle and Indian penny wort (Brahmi).The highest feasibility was found in „observability‟ and least in „compatibilty‟ and „simplicity‟. In both urban and rural areas, cent percent respondents had faced constraints of „soil and environment conditions‟. In urban area, cent percent of the respondents had faced „disease constraints‟ and in rural area cent percent of the respondents had faced „economic constraints‟ and problem of „nursery being far away‟.
