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2019 - 201912020 - 20231
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Subject: Extension Education × Author: Diksha Rani × Start date: 2005 ×
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Prevalence of stress related to work and family among farm women
    (CCSHAU, Hisar, 2023-09) Diksha Rani; Verma, Vandana
    The present study was conducted in Haryana state to analyse prevalence of stress related to work and family among farm women. To draw representative sample, four districts from two agro climatic zones of Haryana state was drawn. Further, two villages from each selected district were selected randomly. Out of each selected village, 25 unpaid farm women were selected at random thus making a total of 200 respondents. Various socio- personal, economic and communication variables constituted the independent variables. Work and family task load, major stressors related to work and family, role perception and perceived role conflict constituted the dependent variables. Socio- personal, economic and communication profile of the respondents revealed that Maximum number of the respondents were 40-50 years of age, educated up to primary level followed by up to senior secondary level were married and having 0-2 children. Majority of the respondents were unemployed and homemaker/unpaid farm labour in both zones with no income with medium level of social participation. Most of the agricultural activities related to manual operations such as cleaning seeds, cleaning fields, winnowing, threshing, and storage practices were carried out by the majority of the respondents while participation of respondents was very low in activities related to buying and selling such as buying equipment or selling production in both zones. Medium level of task load was found in maximum number of respondents. The study revealed that financial risk, time pressure and uncontrollable natural forces were major stressors among farm women related to farming. Strain in household chores and balancing work and family responsibilities was found as a major stressor for respondents. Regarding role perception majority of the respondents reported only females had social pressure and family obligations. Majority of the respondents perceived medium level of fatigue with farm and household work. Medium level of physical stress, emotional stress, mental stress was perceived by the most of the respondents. Farm task load, total task load, perceived stress, fatigue and self-esteem were found to be significantly different in both zones.
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    Gender Differentials among Urban Households in Socio - economic Perspective
    (CCSHAU, 2019) Diksha Rani; Kaushik, Sushma
    The present study was conducted in Hisar city of Haryana state to assess existing gender status among urban households across socio economic perspective. To draw representative sample, three localities from Hisar city were selected randomly representing lower, middle and higher economic status. Out of each selected locality, 30 households were selected at random thus making a total of 180 households. Independent variables were caste, family income, family size, education of HH, mass media exposure and social participation while dependent variable was gender differentials in terms of sex ratio, educational status, health status, economic participation, inheritance, political/social participation and decision making. Socio-economic and personal profile of the respondents revealed that majority of households were male headed, belonged to nuclear families with medium family size. Sex ratio for female/ male in was 1044 in high ES, 969 in medium ES and 816 in low ES. Maximum respondents across all categories preferred to have boy as 1st child. Gender and educational status was found significantly associated. More males than females were attending private institutes and science stream. More females were drop outs than males. Gender wise health status revealed that majority of males and females did not suffer from major diseases, however, more males perceived their health status as very good compared to females while more females perceived their health status as average and poor compared to females. Females of high and medium ES were more over weight while 40 per cent females of low ES suffered from anaemia. Out of total economically inactive members, majority are females. Control on economic resources was joint in high and medium ES while male dominated in low ES. The social and economic participation was found low in both males and females yet lower in females. Irrespective of ES most of the decisions were male dominated. Sex ratio of high economic strata and economic status sin medium , low ES and in total were found to be significantly different among males and females while regard to other variables differences were found non- significant.