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Theses

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2020 - 20215
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Subject: Environmental Science × End date: 2022 × Start date: 2020 × Thesis Type: M.Sc ×
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Now showing 1 - 5 of 5
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Study of noise pollution in localities of Hisar and its impact on human health
    (CCSHAU, Hisar, 2021-07) Gaurav; Sridevi Tallapragada
    Noise is regarded as a crucial environmental issue and there are various adverse health effects associated with it such as anxiety, depression, sleep disturbance, etc. The present study was carried out to perform zone-wise analysis of noise pollution in Hisar and study its impact on the residents residing in the selected zones through a questionnaire. Noise monitoring was done for day peak & off-peak hours and night hours in four major zones of Hisar i.e., Industrial, Commercial, Residential and Silent zone and the noise levels obtained were compared with the permissible values for ambient noise levels prescribed by CPCB. Noise pollution indices i.e., Noise Climate (NC) and Noise Pollution Level (Lnp) were also computed for all four zones. The noise levels of industrial zone were found within the permissible limits during both peak, off-peak and night hours i.e., 71.1, 69.9 & 68.5 dB respectively, whereas the noise levels of commercial, residential and silent zones were found exceeding the permissible limits. The change in the apparent loudness with the change in the noise level and vehicular count was also monitored in each zone. Evaluation of personal protective equipment that was being used in the industries in Hisar for protection against noise was also carried out. Results clearly indicated the alarming situation of noise pollution in Hisar and manifest the importance of reviewing the policies over environmental noise.
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Effect of fly ash application on efficacy of biofertilizers in mustard (Brassica juncea L.) crop
    (CCSHAU, Hisar, 2020-08) Tamanna; Leela Wati
    Fly ash disposal is of grave environmental concern worldwide due to its increasing accumulation over the years, followed by air-water pollution and land degradation. The potentiality of fly ash for its use in agriculture is popularizing day by day due to the fact that it contains almost all the essential plant nutrients i.e., macronutrients including P, K, Ca, Mg and S and micronutrients like Fe, Mn, Zn, Cu, Co, B and Mo. Moreover, continuous use of chemical fertilizers for plant growth in the agricultural field has become an alarming problem for today's world. Therefore, it is required to involve fly ash more effectively in agriculture sector to exploit its various physical and chemical properties fully, which are beneficial for soil and crop health.Fly ash used in the present investigation had grey color, alumina-silicate texture, alkaline pH, with small concentration of available nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium. Growth of bacterial biofertilizers of mustard i.e. Azotobacter chroococcum and Pseudomonas strain P-36 in their respective growth media supplemented with 0.5-5% (w/v) fly ash and survival in sterile soil supplemented with different concentration of fly ash revealed better growth upto 3% supplementation of fly ash indicating stimulatory effect of fly ash on growth of microorganisms at small concentration. Under pot house condition, fly ash amendment in soil at 3% conc. along with biofertilizers treatment of mustard seeds improved plant growth and seed yield in comparison with control. Chlorophyll and oil content of mustard had no remarkable effect of fly ash application. Number of siliquae and seed yield obtained were maximum in treatment comprising of 3% fly ash amendment in soil and seed treatment with PSB and A. chroococcum indicating favourable response of mustard crop to fly ash along with biofertilizer application.
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Characterization of diverse wheat germplasm for Zinc and Iron content under different environments
    (CCSHAU, Hisar, 2020) Rana, Vineeta; Munjal, Renu
    The present investigation was conducted to study Zinc and Iron content in grain and straw of wheat. The research was done in two experiments having different environment. For the first experiment 278 wheat germplasm lines were grown under fertilization and without fertilization condition and their effect on physiological, yield and quality parameter were studied. Analysis of data revealed that Zinc and Iron content in grain was almost same in both fertilization and without fertilization condition but Zinc and Iron content in straw was maximum in without fertilization condition. Biomass, grain yield and 100- grain weight was found to be high in fertilization condition. Out of these 278 lines, 16 were selected for the second experiment on the basis of high Zinc content, high Iron content and high grain yield. The 16 selected germplasm lines along with four checks were tested under timely sown and late sown condition. The effect on physiological and biochemical parameters was studied at anthesis, 10 days after anthesis and 20 days after anthesis. NDVI and chlorophyll stability index was found more in timely sown at anthesis. Activity of SOD was maximum in timely sown at anthesis. Activity of LOX and ADH was maximum in timely sown at 20 days after anthesis. Biomass, grain yield, no. of productive tillers, no. of grains/spike, grain weight/spike, 1000-grain weight was found high in timely sown condition. Zinc and Iron content was high in timely sown condition in both grain and straw. SG249, SG152 and SG47 showed highest Zinc and Iron in grain. SG249, SG95 and SG47 showed highest Zinc and Iron in straw.
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Mitigation of the moisture stress in forage sorghum through foliar application of silicon
    (CCSHAU,HiSAR, 2020-08) Parul; Goyal, Vinod
    The present investigations were conducted on forage sorghum to “identify the physio-biochemical mechanism of silicon in mitigation of low moisture stress”. Sorghum [Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench] is fifth most important crop after wheat, rice, maize and barley around the world and is popularly known as Jowar. India is one of the largest growers of sorghum in the world. Sorghum is mainly grown for fodder, as a multi-cut, double-cut and single-cut crop, fodder and grain as dual purpose and for grain only. The summer/forage sorghum mainly suffers from moisture stress. In kharif (rainy) season also, the uncertainty of monsoon is the main cause of yield, as in some places irrigation facilities are not available. Silicon is an important micro nutrient and its application increases abiotic and biotic stress resistance in various crops. To explore the potential of this silicon (OSA) on forage sorghum for mitigation capability of moisture stress , a field experiment was conducted with different doses ( 1,2,3 & 4 ml/l) of silicon at two stages Panicle initiation (PI) , Panicle initiation and flag leaf initiation ( PI+FL) at Dry Land Research Farm CCS HAU, Hisar. The source of silicon used is orthosilicic acid (OSA). It was observed that it OSA helps in optimizing the efficiency of various physiological processes to sustain the crop under stress. The parameters studied includes normalized difference vegetative index, photosynthesis, assimilation rate, transpiration rate, chlorophyll, chlorophyll membrane stability, plant water relations and free radicals scavenging activity for dissecting the mechanism of stress tolerance. Significant results were seen with application of silicon as the plants treated with 2ml/l of OSA, showed best performance in both the stages (PI) & ( PI+FL), however the results were best when applied at ( PI+FL) stage. It was observed that treatment of 2ml/l of OSA exhibited higher biomass, plant height and leaf area, number of leaves per plant, panicle length and panicle weight, number of seeds per plant that ultimately resulted into better yields. It was also observed that the crop remain green for longer duration and showed seed setting that indicates some positive relation of OSA with crop growth. This increased stay green trait observed in forage sorghum under rainfed conditions is a desirable trait and this is probably the result of increased plant water content (RWC, WP, OP), that ultimately resulted into increased physiological efficiency under moisture stress. The better physiological efficiency is a contribution of increased photosynthesis, chlorophyll content, chlorophyll stability, assimilation rate, transpiration rate coupled with optimization of antioxidant enzymes that resulted into more stability in the cell membranes. Overall, our studies conclude that application of 2ml/l of OSA at PI+FL stage is the best treatment for forage sorghum grown in rainfed conditions.
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Development of wheat straw-based adsorbent and its application in anionic dye removal
    (CCSHAU, Hisar, 2021-08-23) Charu; Rahul Kumar
    The present research investigated the adsorption of Congo red dye on wheat straw-based adsorbents. Experiments were performed using modified wheat straws (CTAB and EDA treated wheat straw). Prepared adsorbents were characterized by physico-chemical (pH, EC, PZC), proximate and ultimate analysis, surface morphological (SEM), and energy dispersive spectroscopic (EDS) analysis. Various operational parameters were studied like the effect of pH, the effect of adsorbent dose, the effect of contact time, the effect of dye concentration and temperature. pH and adsorbent dose for the reactions were optimized to 5 and 0.4g/L whereas equilibrium time was found to be 210 min in the case of EWS and 180 min for CWS. The experimental data were studied with the help of Kinetics and isotherm studies. Pseudo-first-order and Pseudo-second-order models were applied to study the kinetics of the reaction. The Pseudo-first-order model was the best fit for CWS whereas the Pseudo-second order model better defined the kinetics results for EWS. Langmuir and Freundlich models were applied for isotherm studies. Langmuir‟s model was the best fit in both cases. The adsorption of dye on CWS was found to be a spontaneous and exothermic process whereas for EWS adsorption process was a spontaneous and endothermic process. The findings suggested that modified wheat straws can be used as adsorbents for the extraction of Congo red dye from an aqueous solution.