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Subject: Entomology × Author: Amit Kumar × End date: 2019 × Start date: 2010 × Type: Thesis × Thesis Type: M.Sc ×
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Evaluation of different Brassica spp. and botanicals for the management of mustard aphid, Lipaphis erysimi (Kaltenbach)
    (CCSHAU, 2017) Amit Kumar; Yadav, Sunita
    The present studies entitled “Evaluation of different Brassica spp. and botanicals for the management of mustard aphid, Lipaphis erysimi (Kaltenbach).” were carried out during Rabi season of 2016-17 at the research area and laboratory of Oilseeds Section, Department of Genetics Plant Breeding, CCS Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar. Under field conditions, the mustard aphid was appeared after 25th January, 2017 on those Brassica genotypes which were in flowering. Based on pooled average aphid population index (PAAII) the pooled average AII was a minimum of 0.8 in Nigra and maximum of 4.3 in BSH-1. Three genotypes (Nigra, T-27 and TH-68) were categorized as highly resistant having AII less than one. Whereas among the selected Brassica genotypes at flowering stage none of the genotypes found highly susceptible. But two genotypes (Nigra and T-27) were consistently highly resistant from flower initiation, full flowering to pod formation stages. Two genotypes, BSH-1 and YSH-401 having pale green leaf colour also showed maximum AAII (4.3 and 3.6 respectively). The genotype T-27 having high-density trichomes showed non-preference to mustard aphid whereas the genotypes BSH-1 having light-density trichomes showed maximum susceptibility AAII i.e. 4.3. The genotypes BSH-1, YSH-401 and UDN-69 having a bright yellow colour flowers attracted more mustard aphid in comparison with other flower colours. The genotypes having compact inflorescence (BSH-1, RC-5, HC-212 and YSH-401) harboured more aphid infestation while the genotypes having loose inflorescence (T-27 and Sangam). Generally, the genotypes such as BSH-1, UDN-69, EC- 552585 with medium maturity periods contracted higher AAII as against the genotypes having short and long maturity durations. The genotypes viz., BSH-1, YSH-401 and HC-212 had very low phenol content on the basis of the pooled mean of plant parts i.e. 1.51, 1.60 and 1.85 per cent respectively. The AAII and phenols were negatively correlated (r = -0.921**) with each other and significant. The effect of waxes in leaves had the lethal effect on aphid infestation and the correlation between AAII and waxes was negative (r = -0.911**) and significant. A positive correlation was observed between AAII and TSS content (r = 0.978**). The per cent aphid reduction over control after seven days of application was found to be maximum (93.21 %) in dimethoate 30 EC @ 625 ml/ha followed by Azadirachtin 10000 ppm @ 1.0 ml per litre of water (81.61%), Azadirachtin 1500 ppm @ 1.0 ml per litre of water (78.49%), Neem oil 3% (76.42%), Neem seed kernel extract (NSKE) 5% (71.44%). It may be concluded that dimethoate 30 EC followed by Azadirachtin 1500 ppm @ 1.0 ml per litre of water, Azadirachtin 10000 ppm @ 1.0 ml per litre of water and Neem seed kernel extract (NSKE) 5% may be recommended for most economic and effective management of mustard aphid on Indian mustard. Phenols and waxes exhibited negative correlation while proline and total sugars, had a positive correlation with mustard aphid infestation. An overall consideration of all the parameters indicated that no single factor governed the infestation of mustard aphid independently and the extent of infestation was an outcome of the contribution of all the factors together