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ThesisItem Open Access Chemical Investigation And Antimicrobial Activity Of Kigelia Pinnata Dc(Chaudhary Charan Singh Haryana Agricultural University; Hisar, 2005) Sushil; Dhindsa, Kuldip SinghThesisItem Open Access Chemical Components Of Crataeva Nurvala ( Ham.) And Its Insecticidal Activity Against Spotted Bollworm, Earias Vittella ( Fabricius)(Chaudhary Charan Singh Haryana Agricultural University; Hisar, 2005) Gagandeep; Kalidhar, S.B.ThesisItem Open Access Persistence And Dissipation Behaviour Of Fenazaquin In Soil And Okra (Abelmoschus Esculantus L.)(Chaudhary Charan Singh Haryana Agricultural University; Hisar, 2008) Duhan, Anil; Beena KumariThesisItem Open Access Chemical Investigation And Antifungal Activity Of Citrus Reshni (Tan.) And Citrus Pectinifera (Tan.)(Chaudhary Charan Singh Haryana Agricultural University; Hisar, 2008) Yadav, Lalita; Kalidhar, S. B.ThesisItem Open Access Phytochemical Investigations And Antibacterial Activities Of Citrus Sinensis Var -Pineapple And Blood Red(Chaudhary Charan Singh Haryana Agricultural University; Hisar, 2008) Geeta Rani; Kalidhar, S. B.ThesisItem Open Access Chemical investigations of capparis decidua edgew fruits(CCSHAU, 2005) Anil Kumar; Dhindsa, Kuldip SinghCapparis decidua is one of the twenty six species of the genus Capparis. It is found under dry conditions. The genus is known for a large number of physiologically active constituents and edible quality of the fruit. The present work was aimed at isolating and identifying the various chemical components present in the fruit of Capparis decidua because the fruit of this plant has not been studied so far. In order to achieve the objective, the fruits of Capparis decidua were procured from village Dhamana, district Hisar. The fruits were crushed and the powered material was refluxed in methanol on a water bath. The methanol extract was concentrated at atmospheric pressure when a dark yellow viscous liquid was obtained. It was mixed with silica gel and subjected to column chromatography to isolate the compounds. Two new compounds namely 14-Hydroxytetradec-12-enylbutanoate and stigmastan-4-one were isolated. The isolated compounds were characterized on the basis of IR, 1H NMR and Mass spectral data.ThesisItem Open Access Stability constants of mixed ligand complexes of some bivalent transition metal ions under laboratory and soils conditions(CCSHAU, 2005) Jain, Sweety; Nepal, J.K.The stability constants of binary and ternary complexes of Mn(II), Fe(II), Co(II), Ni(II), Cu(II) and Zn(II) with N-(2-hydroxyethyl) imino diacetic acid, iminodiacetic acid, nitrilotriacetic acid, lactic acid, glycolic acid, thioglycolic acid were determined potentiometrically at ionic strengths ( = 0.1 and 0.2 M KNO3) and temperature 298±0.5K. The protonation constants of the ligands were determined using Calvin-Bijerrum pH. titration technique as modified by Irving and Rossotti at ionic strengths ( = 0.1 and 0.2 M KNO3) and temperature (298±0.5 K). The following computational techniques were used. i) Interpolation of half values ii) Pointwise calculation method iii) Correction term method The calculation of stability constants for binary (1:1) systems and ternary (1:1:1) systems were carried out by Ramamoorthy and Santapa method. The stability constants for binary systems Mn(II) / Fe(II) / Co(II) / Ni(II) / Cu(II) / Zn (II) – HIMDA / IMDA / NTA / Lactic Acid / Glycolic acid / Thioglycolic acid were evaluated to characterize the stability Introduction of ternary complexes. The stability constants in these systems were found to follow the general trend. Mn(II) < Fe(II) > Co(II) < Ni (II) < Cu (II) > Zn (II). Lactic acid complexes were found to be more stable than other complexes with these metal ions. The stability constants of ternary systems [M(II) – HIMDA / IMDA / NTA – Lactic acid / Glycolic acid / Thioglycolic acid] in terms of metal ions follow the general trend Mn(II) < Fe(II) > Co(II) < Ni(II) < Cu(II) > Zn(II). The ternary complexes with lactic acid as secondary ligand are more stable as compared to others. The stability constants in all systems generally decrease with increase in ionic strength. The variation in stability due to ligand – ligand interaction was interpreted by the expression. log KM, which quantities the stability of ternary complexes relative to binary parent complex. In present investigation the variation in hetero-ligand interaction follow the trend as given below : At = 0.1 M KNO3, temperature (298±0.5 K) Mn(II) – IMDA-Lactic acid > HIMDA-Lactic acid > NTA – Lactic acid. Fe(II) – IMDA-Lactic acid > HIMDA-Lactic acid > NTA – Lactic acid. Co(II) – HIMDA -Lactic acid > IMDA -Lactic acid > NTA – Lactic acid. Ni(II) – IMDA-Lactic acid > HIMDA-Lactic acid > NTA – Lactic acid. Cu(II) – IMDA-Lactic acid > HIMDA-Lactic acid > NTA – Lactic acid. Zn(II) – IMDA-Lactic acid > HIMDA-Lactic acid > NTA – Lactic acid. Activity trend of complexes against C. falcatum and F. oxysporum : In case of F. oxysporum the decreasing order of anti-fungal activity of complexes of system at = 0.1 M KNO3 (298±0.5K) is as follows : Zn(II)-NTA-Thioglycolic acid > Zn(II)- NTA-Glycolic acid > Zn (II)-NTA > Zn(II) And in case of C. falcatum the decreasing order of antifungal activity (MIC) is : Zn(II)-NTA-Glycolic acid > Zn(II)-NTA-Thioglycolic acid / Zn(II)-NTA > Zn(II). Effect of chalating agent on DTPA extractable metals : Extractability of metals increases with the addition of NTA. But when lactic acid was added with NTA extractability of Zn, Co, Cu decreased while Ni, Mn increased but of Zn remained same.ThesisItem Open Access Support catalyst and microwave Irradiation in Eco-friendly organic synthesis(CCSHAU, 2005) Yadav, Lalita; Sudhir KumarThe present study reports an eco-friendly organic synthesis for the preparation of organic compound using support catalyst and microwave irradiation. This method has been found to be cheaper, cleaner, faster, and gave higher yields of the products. Substituted arylidene benzoyl hydrazine were prepared by using 74 benzaldehyde, 4-hydroxybenzaldehyde, 2-nitrobenzaldehyde, 4-methoxybenzaldehyde, and 4-N,N-dimethoxybenzaldehyde with benzoyl hydrazine and arylidene 4-chlorobenzoyl hydrazines were prepared by using aldehydes with 4-chlorobenzoyl hydrazine by microwave irradiation and adsorbed on alumina. The product obtained have yield 90-95 % which is better than conventional method. Oximes of carbonyl compounds has been prepared by the microwave assisted reaction of ketones and hydroxylamine hydrochloride adsorbed on silica supported Na2Co3 in 4-6 minutes with 91-94 % yield. Alumna supported KMnO4 has been found as a very efficient and clean reagent for the oxidation of primary alcohols to aldehydes. 2,6-diformyl-4-methyl/chlorophenol was prepared by the oxidation of 2,6-dimethylol-4-methyl/chlorophenol using KMnO4 doped alumina. Bridgehead nitrogen heterocycles namely 2 - p h e n yl / ( 4 - c h l o r o p h e n yl ) t h i a z o l o [ 3 , 2 - b ] - s - t r i a z o l - 5 - ( 6 H ) - o n e , 2-phenyl-5,6-dihydrothiazolo[3,2-b]-s-triazole and 2-phenyl-5,6,7-trihydrothiazino[3,2-b]-s-triazole were prepared by the microwave irradiation of 3-phenyl/(4-chlorophenyl)-s-triazolyl-5-thione and chloroacetic acid, 1,2-dichloroethane and 1,3-dibromopropane, respectively. The reactants were adsorbed on acidic alumina/silica. Cyclohexanone has been condensed with various substituent aromatic aldehydes in presence of acidic alumina and microwave irradiation to afford α,α`-diarylidene cyclohexanone in 90-96% yields. The structures of all compounds have been proposed on the basis of their comparison with the known structures.Item Open Access Stability constants of mixed ligand complexes of some bivalent transition metal ions under laboratory and soils conditions(CCSHAU, 2005) Jain, Sweety; Nepal, J.K.The stability constants of binary and ternary complexes of Mn(II), Fe(II), Co(II), Ni(II), Cu(II) and Zn(II) with N-(2-hydroxyethyl) imino diacetic acid, iminodiacetic acid, nitrilotriacetic acid, lactic acid, glycolic acid, thioglycolic acid were determined potentiometrically at ionic strengths (m = 0.1 and 0.2 M KNO3) and temperature 298±0.5K. The protonation constants of the ligands were determined using Calvin-Bijerrum pH. titration technique as modified by Irving and Rossotti at ionic strengths (m = 0.1 and 0.2 M KNO3) and temperature (298±0.5 K). The following computational techniques were used. i) Interpolation of half nA values ii) Pointwise calculation method iii) Correction term method The calculation of stability constants for binary (1:1) systems and ternary (1:1:1) systems were carried out by Ramamoorthy and Santapa method. The stability constants for binary systems Mn(II) / Fe(II) / Co(II) / Ni(II) / Cu(II) / Zn (II) – HIMDA / IMDA / NTA / Lactic Acid / Glycolic acid / Thioglycolic acid were evaluated to characterize the stability of ternary complexes. The stability constants in these systems were found to follow the general trend. Mn(II) < Fe(II) > Co(II) < Ni (II) < Cu (II) > Zn (II). Lactic acid complexes were found to be more stable than other complexes with these metal ions. Introduction 164 The stability constants of ternary systems [M(II) – HIMDA / IMDA / NTA – Lactic acid / Glycolic acid / Thioglycolic acid] in terms of metal ions follow the general trend Mn(II) < Fe(II) > Co(II) < Ni(II) < Cu(II) > Zn(II). The ternary complexes with lactic acid as secondary ligand are more stable as compared to others. The stability constants in all systems generally decrease with increase in ionic strength. The variation in stability due to ligand – ligand interaction was interpreted by the expression. r log KM, which quantities the stability of ternary complexes relative to binary parent complex. In present investigation the variation in hetero-ligand interaction follow the trend as given below : At m = 0.1 M KNO3, temperature (298±0.5 K) Mn(II) – IMDA-Lactic acid > HIMDA-Lactic acid > NTA – Lactic acid. Fe(II) – IMDA-Lactic acid > HIMDA-Lactic acid > NTA – Lactic acid. Co(II) – HIMDA -Lactic acid > IMDA -Lactic acid > NTA – Lactic acid. Ni(II) – IMDA-Lactic acid > HIMDA-Lactic acid > NTA – Lactic acid. Cu(II) – IMDA-Lactic acid > HIMDA-Lactic acid > NTA – Lactic acid. Zn(II) – IMDA-Lactic acid > HIMDA-Lactic acid > NTA – Lactic acid. Activity trend of complexes against C. falcatum and F. oxysporum : In case of F. oxysporum the decreasing order of anti-fungal activity of complexes of system at m = 0.1 M KNO3 (298±0.5K) is as follows : Zn(II)- NTA-Thioglycolic acid > Zn(II)- NTA-Glycolic acid > Zn (II)-NTA > Zn(II) And in case of C. falcatum the decreasing order of antifungal activity (MIC) is : Zn(II)-NTA-Glycolic acid > Zn(II)-NTA-Thioglycolic acid / Zn(II)- NTA > Zn(II). Effect of chalating agent on DTPA extractable metals : Extractability of metals increases with the addition of NTA. But when lactic acid was added with NTA extractability of Zn, Co, Cu decreased while Ni, Mn increased but of Zn remained same.