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Subject: Biochemistry × Author: Mukesh Kumar × Start date: 2002 × Type: Thesis × Thesis Type: Ph.D ×
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Biochemical Investigations on Nutritional Properties of Pearl Millet [Pennisetum glaucum (L.) R. Br.]
    (CCSHAU, 2015) Mukesh Kumar; Chugh, L.K.
    The present investigation was carried out to achieve two objectives. Under the first objective for identifying the promising, pearl millet lines among the 103 pearl millet genotypes (46 inbreds, 46 designated B-lines and 11 hybrids/composites) for their nutritional characters viz. crude protein, total antioxidant activity (TAA), phytate, micronutrients (Fe and Zn) and total phenols were grown during kharif-2013 and kharif-2014. Significant variation was observed in all the parameters during both the seasons. All the hybrids/composite except HHB 67imp and WHC 901-445 demonstrated excellent antioxidant capacity. On the basis of mean performance of two successive seasons 8 advance inbreds viz. DPHBL 11-123, H 1305, HBL-112/H12/1011, HBL 0843-04, LPBL 10/112, LPBL 10/120, H 0620 and 94/54-1 and 14 designated B-lines viz. HMS 7B-1, HMS 14B, HMS 16B, HMS 18B, HMS 21B, HMS 26B, HMS 32B, HMS 36B, HMS 39B, HMS 46B, HMS 52B, HMS 53B, HMS 59B and ICMB 89111 were selected as promising for different nutritional characters. A significant positive correlation was observed between Fe and Zn contents (r = 0.523 to 0.702, P<0.01) and between TAA and total phenols content. The second objective of this investigation was to find out relationship if any, between nitrogen metabolizing enzymes activities in pearl millet flag leaf and roots and protein, phytate and micronutrients (Fe & Zn) deposition in developing grains. For achieving this, five pearl millet genotypes viz. HMS 14B, HMS 18B, HMS 53B, HC 20 and WHC 901- 445 were grown. Activities of nitrogen metabolism enzymes viz. nitrate reductase (NR), nitrite reductase (NiR), glutamine synthetase (GS), glutamate dehydrogenase (GDH), aspartate aminotransferase (AspAT) and alanine aminotransferase (AlaAT) in flag leaf and roots were measured at different growth stages while deposition of protein, phytate and micronutrients (Fe and Zn) were recorded in developing grains at different grain developmental stages. All enzymes showed higher activities in flag leaf than that of roots of every genotype. NR, NiR, GS and AspAT activities in flag leaf increased up to anthesis stage and after that started decreasing while GDH activity remained almost constant throughout the growth period till grain maturity. No relationship was observed between activities of these enzymes in flag leaf and roots and deposition of any nutrients in developing grains except grain protein content. Along with these genotypes four other genotypes were also investigated for leaf NR activity at 25DBS and their grain protein content. A strong positive correlation was observed between in vivo NR activity in flag leaf at 25DBA and grain protein content (r = 0.700 to 0.887, p<0.01). This might be used as biochemical marker for predicting grain protein content at early growth stage of plants.