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Subject: Biochemistry × Author: Babita Rani × Start date: 2016 × Type: Thesis × Thesis Type: Ph.D ×
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Effect of arbuscular mycorrhiza fungi on biochemical parameters in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) under drought conditions
    (CCSHAU, 2016) Babita Rani; Madan, Shashi
    The present study was carried out to evaluate the effect of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) on the biochemical changes of two wheat varieties viz. WH 1025 and WH 1105. Plants of two wheat varieties were raised in earthen pots. Water stress was created by withholding irrigation at two growth stages (jointing and heading). In present study the effect of drought stress was observed on antioxidative system, nitrogen, phosphorous metabolizing enzymes, physiological, quality and yield parameters at jointing and heading stage. The results showed that under stress conditions, mycorrhizal inoculation significantly increased the relative water content, chlorophyll content and chlorophyll fluorescence but decreased the osmotic potential and electrolyte leakage in leaves of both the varieties at both the growth stages. The AMF colonized plants had significantly lower superoxide radical (O2 .-) hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and malondialdehyde (MDA) content as compared to the uninoculated controls under water deficit conditions in leaves and roots of both the varieties. The activities of superoxide dismutase, catalase, peroxidase, ascorbate peroxidase and glutathione reductase enhaced at both growth stages in both the varieties under these conditions. However the higher activities were reported in WH 1025 under stress conditions. Contrarily, reduction in CAT activity was observed in leaves of WH 1105 at both the stages. Ascorbic acid and glutathione content were found to be increased in WH 1025, however decreased in WH 1105 under stress conditions. Further, increase in nitrogen and phosphorous metabolizing enzymes under stress conditions is in agreement with N, P, K levels at both the growth stages of WH 1025 and WH 1105 varieties. Quality parameters like moisture content and crude fiber content decreased whereas, sedimentation value, gluten, protein content and grain hardness increased under drought stress conditions however AMF inoculation did not play a significant role in quality traits at both the growth stages of both the varieties. Yield parameters like grain number per spike, grain weight, numbers of productive tillers and biomass per plant and grain yield decreased under drought stress while in AMF treated plants yield was more than untreated plants of both varieties. The reduction in physiological, biochemical, yield and grain quality traits was found to be more pronounced in WH 1105 in comparison to the WH 1025. These results demonstrated that the AMF could confer greater tolerance of WH 1025 variety to soil water deficit through an enhancement in their antioxidative defence system and thereby reducing the level of O2 .-, H2O2 and MDA content