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Estimation of Buildup Factor for Shielding Materials Using Gamma Ray Spectroscopy
(CCSHAU, 2019) Richa; Paul Singh
Gamma ray measurement and shielding have various applications in the fields of atomic physics, radiation physics, health physics, agriculture, cancer therapy, environmental science and forensic science. It is also required to protect human being and environment from radiation hazards. In this study, shielding characteristics of gamma radiation such as linear attenuation coefficient and buildup factors for Aluminium and Ceramic materials were measured using the NaI(Tl) inorganic scintillation detector with an computer based multi-channel analyzer gamma ray spectrometer system. These characteristics were measured as a function of gamma energy, for 0.511, 0.662 and 1.274 MeV, by using cesium and sodium sources of radiation. It was found that linear attenuation coefficient for both materials decreases with increase in energy of incident radiation and for particular energy aluminium attenuate more radiation than ceramic. Buildup factor was found to be decreasing almost linearly with increasing thickness of materials and increases with increasing gamma energy for each material. This study concludes that for a bad geometry, the buildup factor decreases with increase in thickness of materials and increases with increase in energy.