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Theses

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Subject: Aquatic Animal Health Management × Start date: 2017 × Type: Thesis ×
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Effect of indigenous herbal plants on immunity of common carp (Cyprinus carpio L.) challenge to Aeromonas hydrophila infection
    (CCSHAU, Hisar, 2023-05-22) Pandey, Shivam; Gajender Singh
    This study conducted for 90 days to evaluate the effects of neem and tulsi leaf extracts on immunity and growth parameters of common carp challenged with Aeromonas hydrophila infection. The fishes were fed for 30 days with an experimental diet containing different herbal extracts, including T2 (Basal diet + 5% neem leaf extract), T3 (Basal diet +5% tulsi leaf extract), T4 (Basal diet +5% combined neem and tulsi leaf extract) and T1 (Control diet). The combination of neem +tulsi leaf extract demonstrated the highest antimicrobial activity and minimum inhibitory concentration (0.005%), with the largest zone of inhibition (21 mm). The therapy had a 70% death rate at the maximum dose of 1 ×108 cfu/ml. Overall mean values for all treatments (Mean B) showed a similar trend with T4 having the highest RBCs count (1.68) followed by T2 (1.66), T3 (1.65), and T1 (1.33). All the haematological parameters decreased after infection and WBCs are increased. The mean length gain percentage for all treatments over 30, 60, and 90 days was 13.29%, 14.27%, and 16.01%, respectively. The control group (T1) had the lowest mean weight gain percentage of 72.87%. There were no significant differences observed in the length gain percentage between the different treatments. T4 (5% Neem + Tulsi) had the lowest FCR at all time points, with a mean FCR of 1.95 at 30 days, 6.35 at 60 days, and 2.55 at 90 days. The results also revealed that the treatments applied in T2 (53.33± 3.33%), T3 (53.33± 3.33%), and T4 (70.00± 5.77%) may have a positive impact on the survivability of fish. The mean SGR value for the control treatment (T1) was 0.84, while T2, T3, and T4 had slightly higher mean SGR values of 0.88, 0.87, and 0.90, respectively.
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Studies on bacterial diseases of cultured freshwater fishes
    (CCSHAU, Hisar, 2023-07) Verma, Ajay Kumar; Ahalavat, Shikha
    Present study was conducted to know the bacterial diseases of cultured freshwater fishes. It includes a survey in Hisar distinct of Adampur, Agroha, Barwala, Hisar1, Hisar 2, and Hansi 1 block and total 25 villages for ten months (February to December 2022) to assess pond fishery resources and the livelihood status of fish farmers. This indicates that a significant proportion of the study participants use Aquaculture drug for their fish culture (fig.9). The highest percentage of participants (52%) belongs to medium size farmer categories, followed by small (32%) and large (16%) farmers (Fig.8). The survey included 25 fish farmers from 25 village of Hisar (Haryana). In contrast, the vast majority of representing 88% reported no diseases among their fish farming. They are aware about fish diseases and other important parameter related to fish farming. Isolation of bacteria from fish to isolate bacteria from infected fish sample is collected from different parts of the fish, such as the gut, gill and infected regions. The study also highlights the potential of using 16S ribosomal RNA gene as a reliable marker for identifying bacterial species. The isolated bacteria were Aeromonas Enteropelogenes, Aeromonas Hydrophila, and Aeromonas veronii, Aeromonas hydrophila (isolate from Catal, Rohu, Common carp, and Silver carp). . All the bacteria was associated with the different types of diseases including tail rot, fin rot, dropsy and motile aeromonas septicemia etc. according to the symptoms observed on infected fish body.
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Effect of Phyllanthus emblica (Amla) on growth performance and hematological parameters of Labeo rohita (Hamilton, 1822)
    (CCS HAU, Hisar, 2022-07) Satendra Kumar; Gajender Singh
    The present study was conducted with different concentrations of amla fruit powder incorporated with commercial feed. Amla fruit powder is rich in vitamin C and potent antioxidant ingredients that are supplemented to fish feed to balance the oxidative state, get away with free radical intermediates, boost the immune system and positively impact the health status of fish. The current study seeks to evaluate the effectiveness of Amla fruit powder as a natural immune-stimulant and antioxidant to determine the ideal dosage for the better growth and survival of Labeo rohita fry kept in captivity. A total of 120 L. rohita fry with an average weight of 2.8 g were used in this experiment. They were acclimatized for 15 days to the laboratory conditions fed with the commercial diet before the start of the investigation and divided into four groups. The experimental groups were categorized as group control, Treatment 1 (50g amla fruit powder per kg feed), treatment T2 (100g amla fruit powder per kg feed), and treatment T3 (150g amla fruit powder per kg feed). In the present study, we have evaluated the growth parameters (Length, weight, FCR, SGR, survival rate), hematological parameters (Total Erythrocyte Count, Total Leukocyte Count and Haemoglobin) of L. rohita fry fed with different experimental diets. The water quality parameters were monitored daily throughout the study period. The result showed that the growth parameters (length, weight, FCR, SGR, and survival rate) and hematological parameters like leukocyte count, erythrocytes count, hemoglobin content and haematocrit value were elevated in the T2 group as compared to the control. There was no mortality have been reported in any experimental groups. So we can say that amla fruit powder incorporated diet ameliorated growth performance and hematological parameters L. rohita fry.
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Assessment of microbial biodiversity and heavy metals in drains of Rohtak district, Haryana
    (CCS HAU, Hisar, 2022-07) Pal, Brajesh Kumar; Gulati, Rachna
    Monthly observations on the average population of Total Bacterial counts and Total nitrogen fixing bacteria in Rohtak drain water showed significantly higher number of counts were observed in the months of February (5.13× 105CFU/ml, 5.34× 103CFU/ml) which decreased significantly in the months of March (4.87 × 105CFU/ml, 4.85× 103CFU/ml), April (4.48× 105CFU/ml, 4.36× 103CFU/ml), May (3.83× 105CFU/ml, 3.46× 103CFU/ml) and June (3.62× 105CFU/ml, 3.36× 103CFU/ml). Total coliform counts in water was lower in February (3.33 x 103 CFU/ml) which significantly increased to 5.78 x 103 CFU/ml in June. Site wise, no significant difference in the number of Total Bacterial counts and total coliforms was recorded during the present study. Site 5 witnessed significantly lower number of nitrogen fixers (3.82× 103CFU/ml) followed by site 2(4.02 × 103CFU/ml), 3(4.05 × 103CFU/ml), 4(4.33× 103CFU/ml) and 1(4.73× 103CFU/ml). Total bacterial counts in sediment was maximum in the months of February (5.65× 105CFU/g), March (5.68× 105CFU/g), April (5.35 × 105CFU/g); all three being statistically comparable with each other. The counts decreased significantly in the months of May (4.80 × 105CFU/g) and June (4.60 × 105CFU/g). Total coliform counts was maximum in the month of June (6.06 x 103 CFU/g) and minimum in the month of February (3.30 x 103 CFU/g). The nitrogen fixing bacteria in drain sediment were significantly higher in the month of March (5.60× 103CFU/g) and lower number of nitrogen fixing bacteria (3.81× 103CFU/g)were estimated in the month of June. Highest Shannon diversity index (1.572to 1.588) and Simpson index (0.7852to 0.7916) showed greater diversity at all sites. The corresponding values for sediment were 1.48to 1.59 and 0.7822-site 4 to 0.7925. Diversity indices of nitrogen fixers bacteria showed Evenness values were also higher at all sites in water (0.9708 to 0.9853) and sediment (0.976 to 0.9942). Highest Shannon diversity index (1.76 to 1.77) and Simpson index (0.8263 to 0.8283) showed greater diversity at all sites. The corresponding values for sediment were 1.767 to 1.781 and 0.8251 to 0.8314. From water and sediment of Rohtak drain, a total of 10 predominant colonies were purified, six from water (DW1, DW2, DW3, DW4, DW5, DW6) and four from sediment (DS1, DS2, DS3, DS4). The staining results of the ten bacterial isolates from water and sediment of Rohtak drain showed that 7 isolates (DW 1, DW 2, DW 3, DS1, DS2, DS3, DS4) were gram-positive and 3 isolates (DS 4, DS 5, DS 6) were gram-negative. All the isolates were catalase positive, indole positive, four were oxidase positive(DW 1, DW 4, DW 5, DW 6), Three isolates (DW 4, DW 5, DW 6) were KOH positive. 5 isolates, DW1, DW2, DW3, Ds2 and Ds3 were nitrate negative. The sequencing of the 8 Bacterial isolates revealed that DW1, DW3 were identified as Bacillus altitudinis, DW 5, DW 6 as Pseudomonas aeruginosa, DW2 as Priestiaflexaand DW4 as Boseathiooxidansfrom drain water. From sediments, DS1 was identified as PaenibacilluskribbensisDS2 as KocuriapolarisDS3 as Planococcusplakortidisand DS4 as Kocuria flava. The lead, iron, zinc and manganese concentration was above permissible limits in water at all sites. Both water and sediment samples have higher cadmium concentration than permissible limit (0.003 mg/l, 3 mg/kg, respectively). Site 3(206.70 mg/kg) and 4 (241.88 mg/kg) showed higher concentration of zinc than permissible limit. In sediment, manganese content at site 4, its concentration was above permissible limit.