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Subject: Agricultural Meteorology × Author: Bharadwaj, Jyoti × End date: 2009 × Start date: 2003 ×
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Study of dewfall in mustard canopy and its effect on growth and yield
    (CCSHAU, 2007) Bharadwaj, Jyoti; Surender Singh
    The present investigation entitled, “Study of dewfall in mustard canopy and its effect on growth and yield” was conducted at Research Farm of Dept of Agril Meteorology, CCS Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar located at 29010’ N latitude, 75046’ E longitude and 215.2 m amsl altitude. The experiment was laid out in randomized block design with five replications during rabi season of 2006-07. The treatments comprised of open and dew sheltered mustard crop with normal (2 irrigations) and terminal moisture stress (1 irrigation). The total dew amount in the entire crop season ranged between 95.99 mm in open irrigated crop and 92.51 mm in open stressed crop. In dew sheltered conditions, the total dew amount recorded was 3.52 mm in sheltered irrigated and 2.86 mm in sheltered stressed crop. Maximum dew events (30) were observed in November month in the open crop. In sheltered crop, the highest (10) events were observed during December month. There were total 124 dew events observed in open crop during the entire growing season. Among the various phenophases, the higher dew amounts i.e. 36.97 and 34.43 mm was received in open irrigated and open stressed crop, respectively during seed filling stage. The number of dew nights occurred during seed development phase was higher; however, the dewfall per night was more during flowering stage. The more number of dew events (47) were observed during seed development stage in open crop as compared to other growth stages. The GDD, PTU and HTU calculated were more in open crop when compared to dew sheltered fields at all growth stages owing to longer duration taken to attain various phenophases. The meteorological parameters viz., evening relative humidity (0.98), minimum temperature (-0.82) and wind speed (-0.89) were significantly associated with dew occurrence. Minimum temperature, evening time relative humidity and wind speed parameters gave fair estimate of dewfall with R2 values of 0.82. There was significant difference between the duration of attaining different phenophases and maturity under various treatments. Total dry biomass (980 g/m2) and siliquae biomass (412 g/m2) was significantly higher in open irrigated conditions when compared to open stressed treatments at physiological maturity. Biological (8948 kg/ha) and seed yield (2152 kg/ha) were significantly higher in open irrigated crop when compared to terminally stressed crop. It can be concluded that there were significant variations in dew climatology in open and sheltered mustard crop. However, dewfall contribution in mustard’s growth and development characteristics under Hisar conditions was not so significant because of moisture contribution from higher water table and rainfall. Input parameters viz., minimum temperature, relative humidity (evening) and wind speed gave a good estimate of dewfall (R2 =0.82), thus, may be used for prediction of dew occurrence and subsequent management of dew oriented plant protection measures in mustard crop.