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ThesisItem Open Access A Study to develop optimum combination of farm enterprises in Haryana(CCSHAU, Hisar, 2023-08) Sunita; Malik, D.P.The present investigation was carried out to develop optimum combination of existing farm enterprises on different category of farms in Haryana. For study purpose, Hisar, Mahendergarh and Sonipat districts of Haryana state, were randomly selected from each zone. From each selected district one block was selected randomly. From each selected block, different villages were selected to collect the data regarding major crops and livestock enterprises of that area. Total 80 farmers were selected from each district which makes a total of 240 farmers in the district. The selected farmers were categorized as small (upto 2 ha), medium (2-4 ha) and large (>4 ha) according to their operational size of holdings. Linear programming technique was used to achieve optimum combination of farm enterprises. In Hisar district human labour employment was found highest in cotton crop followed by guava crop, carrot, buffalo and broilers. Highest human labour was employed by carrot crop in Mahendergarh district followed by kinnow, HF cow, mustard, broilers, pearlmillet and wheat crop. For Sonipat district, the highest employment was found in mushroom cultivation followed by sugarcane, guava, buffalo, broilers, potato, paddy and wheat. Among crops the maximum labour utilization was under harvesting/picking activity. In case of buffalo and broiler rearing, the maximum labour use was under feeding and watering activity. In mushroom cultivation, compost making was the highest labour using activity which utilized 165.38 man days on small category farms while on medium and large farms it was 165.67 and 170.33. In all the three districts the highest net return generated was from poultry enterprise. In Mahendergarh district, the highest gross return was generated by poultry enterprise followed by citrus orchard, HF cow, carrot, wheat, mustard, and pearlmillet. From mushroom cultivation, highest net returns per shed (Rs. 144512.96) were generated on large category farms (>20 sheds) followed by medium category farms (Rs.139629.26). In livestock net returns were highest on large category farms. Total net returns in optimum and relaxed resource plan were increased on each category farm in each district. Total net returns in optimum plan in Hisar district were Rs.1228054 (small), Rs.3223939 (medium) and Rs.5369640 (large). In Mahendergarh district total net returns in optimum plan were Rs. 1166347, Rs.2876228 and Rs. 5196940 on small, medium and large category farm. For Sonipat district the net returns in optimum plan on small, medium and large category were Rs. 1259396, Rs. 3312573 and Rs. 5441168. Inadequate irrigation was the major constraint for most of the crops. For fruit crops insect pest attack was also a major problem. For livestock and poultry high cost of concentrates and feed was main constraint in their adoption.
