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Subject: Veterinary Surgery and Radiology × Author: KONWAR, BEDANGA × End date: 2017 × Thesis Type: Ph.D ×
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    DIAGNOSTIC RADIOGRAPHY, ULTRASONOGRAPHY AND HAEMATOBIOCHEMICAL STUDIES OF ABDOMINAL AFFECTIONS IN CANINE
    (Assam Agricultural University, Khanapara, Guwahati, 2017-07) KONWAR, BEDANGA; KALITA, DWIJEN
    The study was conducted on 66 dogs of either sex, belonging to all age groups, brought to the Teaching Veterinary Clinical Complex, College of Veterinary Sciences and Animal Husbandry, Central Agricultural University, Selesih, Aizawl, Mizoram with the history and clinical symptoms of abdominal disorders. The study was undertaken to correlate the findings of clinico-physiological, haemato-biochemical, radiographic and ultrasonographic studies for confirmatory diagnosis of disorders of gastro-intestinal, hepatobiliary, hematopoietic (spleen), urinary, female and male genital systems and abdominal wall defects in canine. All the animals were divided into seven groups as per the symptoms related to the systems: Group I (Gastrointestinal system), Group II (Hepatobiliary system), Group III (Hematopoietic (Spleen) system), Group IV (Urinary system), Group V (Female genital system), Group VI (Male genital system) and Group VII (Miscellaneous conditions). Animals were subjected for thorough linicophysiological and haemato-biochemical examinations. Two abdominal radiographs (Lateral and ventro-dorsal views) and whole abdomen ultrasonography were carried out for all the dogs. Out of the 66 cases, group distribution for the abdominal disorders were recorded highest with gastrointestinal system (33.33%), followed by female genital system (18.18%), hepatobiliary system (13.64%), urinary system (12.12%), haematopoietic (spleen) system (10.61%), male genital system (9.09%) and the lowest with abdominal wall defects (3.03%). Breed distributions were recorded highest in Mixed breed dogs (40.91%), followed by Pomeranian (25.76%), Mongrel (22.73%), German shepherd (6.06%), Cocker Spaniel (1.51%) and Pug (1.51%) respectively. Females (54.55%) were recorded highest incidence than male (45.45%). Age wise distribution were recorded highest in 2-3 and 3-4 years of age (18.18 %), followed by 4-5 years (15.15%), 5-6 years (13.64%), 0-1 years (9.10%), 1-2 years (7.57%), 6-7 and 7-8 years with 4.55% and lowest in 8-9, 9-10 and 10 years and above with 3.03% respectively. There were inconsistent and misleading clinico-physiological findings in disorders of gastro intestinal system, hepatobiliary system and splenic abnormality. In urinary system disorders, canine pyometra, abdominal wall rupture and diaphragmatic hernia, the clinico- physiological findings were useful. But, in male genital system disorders, the clinico-physiological symptoms often coincide with those of urinary system disorders. Haemato-biochemical examinations were recorded with significantly decreased Hb, PCV and TEC with leucocytosis and neutrophilia in all the cases of abdominal disorders. There was significantly decreased Na, K, TP and ALB with elevated ALP, BUN and SC for GIT disorders. In hepatobiliary disorders there were significantly decreased TP, ALB and GLU with significantly increased AST, ALT, ALP, GGT and total bilirubin. Significantly decreased TP, GLU and significantly increased AST, ALP, BUN, GGT and SC were recorded for splenic disorders. Urinary system disorders were recorded as significantly decreased Na with elevated BUN, SC and Ca level. Female genital system disorders were recorded as significantly decreased TP, ALB, with severe leucocytosis, neutrophilia and significantly increased AST, ALT, ALP, BUN, GGT and SC level. Prostatic hyperplasia and cysts were recorded as significantly decreased TP, ALB with significantly increased ALP, BUN and SC. Both radiography and ultrasonography was helpful for diagnosis of gastro intestinal disorders. The ultrasonography was a sensitive imaging technique for diagnosing hepatic affections; however, the sonographic diagnosis should be complimented with radiography and clinico-haematobiochemical studies. Radiography was useful for gross assessment of spleenic enlargement but it did not give the final diagnosis, while ultrasonography could be best exploited in spleenic disorders. For diagnosing urinary system disorders clinico-physiological symptoms, haematobiochemical profiles, radiography and ultrasonography were proved to be helpful. Pyometra was best diagnosed with ultrasonography and radiography. Radiography gave only a basic idea about prostatomegaly, while ultrasonography was more precise diagnostic tool, especially in examination of architecture of the prostate gland. For diagnosis of abdominal wall rupture and diaphragmatic hernia radiography was confirmative, but ultrasonography was felt appropriate to differentiate the hernial contents.