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ThesisItem Open Access SERO-PREVALENCE OF JAPANESE ENCEPHALITIS IN PIGS AND ITS CORRELATION WITH MOSQUITO DENSITY AND ITS HUMAN OCCURRENCE IN SOME ENDEMIC LOCALITIES OF ASSAM(Assam Agricultural University, Khanapara, Guwahati, 2016-07) BARUAH, ADITYA; HAZARIKA, R. A.Japanese encephalitis (JE) is a re-emerging mosquito-borne flaviviral zoonotic disease and a major cause for concern to childhood mortality and morbidity in countries of Southeast Asia including India. The disease has appeared in sporadic as well as epidemic forms since 1976 in Assam. The present study was envisaged to study the sero-prevalence of JE in pigs, the density pattern of mosquito vectors in JE endemic localities and to draw an association between the occurrence of JE in humans with serological studies in pigs and mosquito density. A total of 335 blood samples of pigs were collected during the study period from 8 districts of Assam with special reference to Sivasagar district and Hajo area of Kamrup (Rural) district. Out of these many samples screened, 31.34% were found positive for antibodies against JEV. The highest sero-prevalence of JEV was observed during monsoon (50.40%) and no sero-prevalence was recorded in the months of December, January, February and March. Sex-wise sero-prevalence showed higher sero-prevalence in males (39.84%) than females (35.38%). Large Black cross breed of pigs (26.00%) were found to carry JEV infection. Based on the topography of the pig farms, the sero-positivity was recorded significantly higher in wet land (47.79%) than that of dry land (23.67%). JEV sero-prevalence of pigs in farms, which were located nearer to the rice fields and stagnant water showed significantly higher sero-positivity (39.77%) than the farms located away from the rice fields and stagnant water (22.01%). Based on rearing practices of pigs, the sero-positivity was recorded highest in free-range system (47.37%) and least in tethering (21.00%) practice. Distribution of JEV infection in pigs was recorded highest in Sivasagar district (35.20%) and least in Hajo area (9.89%) of Kamrup (Rural) district. An additional study on sero-prevalence of JEV in other domestic animals including horses, cattle and goats recorded a very high sero-positivity (60.00%) in horses. Densities of Cx. gelidus (26.13%), Cx. tritaeniorhynchus (24.12%), Armigeres spp. (19.41%), Cx. vishnui (12.06%), Mansonia spp (8.54%) and Cx. quinquefasciatus were categorized as dominant species whereas, Cx. whitmorei and Anopheles spp (4.52 each) were categorized as sub-dominant species in the study area. A positive correlation was observed among human JE cases, JEV sero-prevalence in pigs and mosquito density in Sivasagar district and Hajo area of Kamrup (Rural) district of Assam indicating an association existed among them.