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Subject: Veterinary Physiology × End date: 2019 × Start date: 2016 × Type: Thesis × Thesis Type: M.V.Sc. ×
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    BIOMOLECULAR EXPRESSION ON MELATONIN AND VITAMIN E SUPPLEMENTATION DURING SUMMER AND WINTER IN PIG
    (Assam Agricultural University, Khanapara, Guwahati, 2016-01) CHAKRABORTY, ARINDAM; Baruah, Anubha
    The present experiment was conducted to study the changes of various physiological, haematological and hormonal parameters including expression of HSP70 gene in the crossbred pigs (Hampshire × Local) under the agroclimatic condition of Assam. The experiment included a total of 36 numbers of crossbred weaned female pigs. Eighteen (18) animals were subjected to treatment separately during summer and winter. The selected animals were divided into three groups with six pigs in each group consisting of the control group (Treatment 1), one group was fed melatonin @3 mg/animal (Treatment 2) and the other group was fed Vitamin E @100 mg (Treatment 3) for both the seasons. The animals were maintained at AICRP on Pig, College of Veterinary Science, AAU, Khanapara, Guwahati-22. The physiological parameters such as body temperature, pulse rate and respiration rate were recorded following standard methods. Temperature-Humidity Index was calculated out from the data of ambient temperature and relative humidity by using standard formula. About 5 ml of blood was collected from each experimental animal aseptically at 15 days interval for the whole experimental period. The haematological parameters viz. Haemoglobin (Hb), Packed cell volume (PCV), total erythrocyte count (TEC) and total leucocyte count (TLC) were estimated from fresh blood by using MS4 Automated Haematological Cell Counter. The enzyme superoxide dismutase (SOD) and Lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) were estimated by using SOD and LDH assay kit manufactured by Cayman Chemical Company, USA as per manufactures protocol. Growth hormone and Progesterone were estimated by ELISA technique using Elisa kits procured from LDN Immunoassays and services. Melatonin was estimated by ELISA technique using Elisa kits procured from, Genway, Biotech Inc. The level of thermal stress related blood hormones such as triiodothyronine (T3), thyroxine (T4) and cortisol hormones were estimated by Radioimmunoassay (RIA) technique. The relative expression of HSP 70 gene was done by Real time PCR. The Temperature Humidity Index (THI) during the study period was indicative of thermal stress to the experimental animals in the summer as compared to winter season. Physiological parameters viz., body temperature, respiration rate and pulse rate were found to be positively correlated with THI. All the physiological parameters showed significant difference (P<0.01) between summer and winter seasons irrespective of treatments. Haematological parameters viz. Hb, PCV, TEC was significantly lower during summer while TLC concentration was significantly higher during summer season as compared to winter in all the treatment groups. The mean body weight in the experimental pigs was significantly higher (P<0.01) in winter compared to summer. Serum T3 concentrations was significantly (P<0.01) lower during summer as compared to winter in all the treatment groups. Serum T4 concentration showed significant difference between treatment, between season and also between treatment and season. Serum cortisol concentration showed significant difference between treatment, between season and also between treatment and season. The serum cortisol concentration was found lowest in the melatonin and vitamin E supplemented group in both the seasons as compared to the control group. Significant difference (P<0.01) was found in the mean GH values between season with significantly higher values in the winter season. Statistical analysis revealed significant difference (P<0.01) in the mean progesterone concentration between treatment and between season. Significant difference (P<0.01) was found in the mean age at puberty between treatment with lower age at puberty in the melatonin supplemented group followed by vitamin E supplemented group and control group with highest age at puberty. There was also significant difference (P<0.01) in the mean age at puberty between season with lower age at puberty in the winter compared to summer. There was also significant difference (P<0.01) between day and season. Serum LDH activity was significantly higher (P<0.01) during summer as compared to winter season. The serum SOD activity was found to differ significantly (P<0.01) higher between treatment and between season and also between treatment and season. The serum progesterone concentration showed significant difference (P<0.01) between treatment and between season. There was also significant difference (P<0.01) between day and season. The mean melatonin concentration showed significant difference (p<0.01) between groups with significantly higher melatonin concentration in the melatonin supplemented group in both the season. Similarly serum vitamin E concentration was significantly higher (p<0.01) in the vitamin E supplemented group than the other two treatment groups in both the seasons. The normalized expression for HSP70 during summer shows that the animals with Melatonin treatment had 1.98 fold lower expression than the animals of control group. Likewise, animals with Vitamin E treatment showed 0.56 fold lower expression than control animals during summer season. During winter, the animals with Melatonin treatment showed 0.70 fold higher expression compared to control animals. Similarly, animals with Vitamin E treatment showed 1.28 fold higher expressions than control animals.