Thumbnail Image

Theses

Browse

20161
Reset filters
Subject: Veterinary Pathology × Author: Umesh, Tari Chubita × End date: 2019 × Start date: 2016 ×
Reset filters

Search Results

Now showing 1 - 1 of 1
  • Thumbnail Image
    ThesisItemOpen Access
    PATHOLOGY OF HEPATO-RENAL DYSFUNCTION IN DOGS (Canis lupus familiaris)
    (College of Veterinary Science, Assam Agricultural University Khanapara, Guwahati-781022, 2016-07) Umesh, Tari Chubita; Tamuli, Sarojini Mahanta
    An investigation was carried out in naturally occurring hepatic and renal dysfunctions in dogs from in and around Guwahati city; to study the prevalence, clinical symptoms, hemato-biochemical changes, urine pathology, gross and histopathology and histoenzymic activity. During the period from June, 2015 to May, 2016; a total of 9564 dogs were surveyed for incidence of hepato-renal dysfunction; 511(5.34%) were recorded as positive out of which 148 (1.55%) were positive for hepatic, 182 (1.82%) for renal and 181 (1.89%) for hepato-renal dysfunction. This revealed that hepato-renal dysfunction is prevalent in the dogs of Guwahati region. In a detailed examination of 155 dogs, 87 (56.13%) were reported positive for both hepatic and renal dysfunctions, out of which 31 (20%) were positive for hepatic, 35 (22.58%) for renal and 21 (13.54%) were positive for hepato-renal dysfunctions. Hepatic dysfunction showed highest prevalence in pre-monsoon season (21.95%); renal dysfunction showed highest prevalence in winter season (27.02%) and hepato-renal dysfunction showed highest prevalence in post-monsoon (23.08%) season. The age-wise prevalence for hepatic dysfunction was highest in dogs belonging to age group of 1-˂3 years of age (33.33%), for renal dysfunction it was the age group of 9 years and above (37.04%) and in hepato-renal dysfunction highest prevalence was seen in the age group of 6-˂9 years (23.53%). Sex wise prevalence of hepatic dysfunction was higher in males (22.47%) whereas prevalence of renal dysfunction was higher in females (25.76%). But the prevalence of hepato-renal dysfunction was found to be almost equal in both males (13.48%) and females (13.64%). Breed wise prevalence of hepatic dysfunction was highest in German Shepherd breed, for renal dysfunction it was highest in Pug breed and for hepato-renal dysfunction, highest prevalence was also seen in German Shepherd breed. Mortality due to hepatic, renal and hepato-renal dysfunction was found to be 18.06%, with 3.87% mortality for hepatic dysfunction, 3.22% mortality for renal dysfunction and 10.96% mortality for hepato-renal dysfunction. The clinical symptoms observed were elevated body temperature, anorexia, dehydration, dull and depressed appearance, rough body coat, pale mucous membrane, rapid pulse rate, shallow breathing, emaciation, anaemia, vomiting, diarrhoea, edema, melena, dark yellow to coffee colored urine. Some cases showed exclusive hepatic dysfunction signs of jaundice, ascites and abdominal pain. Some cases showed signs of renal dysfunction like stranguria, oliguria, urea breath and ulcers in the mouth. Giemsa’s stain and Modified Knott’s method were used for detecting hemoparasites like Babesia gibsoni, Babesia canis, Ehrlichia canis and Dirofilaria immitis in the blood of affected dogs. Hematological parameters like hemoglobin, packed cell volume, total erythrocyte count, mean corpuscular volume and mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration revealed that dogs suffered from normocytic and normochromic anaemia. Biochemical markers included in liver and kidney function tests revealed that affected dogs showed mild to severe dysfunction of liver and kidneys. Postmortem study revealed several changes in liver like centrilobular necrosis, bridging necrosis, steatosis, acute hepatitis, portal cirrhosis, Glissonian cirrhosis, biliary cirrhosis, cholangitis, hemosiderosis and glucocorticoid hepatopathy; and also in kidneys like acute interstitial nephritis, acute glomerulonephritis, chronic interstitial nephritis, membranous glomerulonephritis, membrano-prolifereative glomerulonephritis, sclerotic glomerulonephritis, protein losing nephropathy, oxalate nephrosis, amyloidosis and calcification of tubules and glomeruli. Other organs like spleen, lungs, heart, stomach, intestine and brain were also observed to be affected. Three dogs revealed neoplastic changes like hepatocellular carcinoma, renal carcinoma and metastatic cancer of liver, kidneys and lungs. Special stains like Masson’s Trichome, Periodic acid Schiff’s, Von Kossa’s and Prussian blue stains were used to differentiate the specific changes in the affected tissues which did not appear very pronounced by routine staining methods. Histoenzymic study revealed mild to no activity of LDH in degenerated cells and AKP enzyme showed moderate to high activity in the degenerated cells and sinusoidal spaces of the liver and kidneys.