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Subject: Veterinary Parasitology × End date: 2022 × Start date: 2020 × Type: Thesis × Thesis Type: M.V.Sc. ×
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Ectoparasites of goat with special reference to mange mite
    (College of Veterinary Science, Assam Agricultural University, Khanapara Campus, 2022) Borah, Debjani; Neog, Ranjeet
    A study was conducted in and around Guwahati for a period of one year from July 2021 to June 2022 to study the prevalence of different ectoparasites in goats. Different ectoparasites in goat found to be prevalent in this area were ticks (67.32 %), lice (43.02%), flea (68.44%) and mite (14.38%). Haemaphysalis bispinosa, H. hystricis, Rhipicephalus (Boophilus) microplus, Linognathus africanus, Damalinia (Bovicola) caprae, Ctenocephalides felis orientis, C. canis, C. felis felis and Sarcoptes scabiei var. caprae were the prevalent species of ectoparasites found throughout the year. In the present study Linognathus africanus and Damalinia (Bovicola) caprae were reported for the first time in goat in Assam. Seasonal prevalence of the ectoparasites was studied in different climatic conditions of Assam namely temperature, humidity and rainfall. Prevalence of tick was found to be highest in the pre-monsoon season (March, April and May). The highest prevalence of lice, flea and mite was observed in the winter season (December, January and February). A significantly higher prevalence of tick and flea was observed in female goats than the male ones whereas prevalence of lice and mite was not dependent on the gender of the goats examined. Prevalence of ticks and mite was significantly higher in goats aged more than 6 months. Significantly higher prevalence of flea was observed in the goats below 6 months of age. Prevalence of lice was independent of age. Doramectin (Advanto®) @1ml/50kg b.wt. showed better results in the treatment of goats naturally infested with Sarcoptes scabiei var. caprae in comparison to Ivermectin (Parid pour-on @1ml/10kg b.wt.) and Castor oil (an indigenous knowledge-based acaricide). The haemoglobin, PCV, TEC and lymphocyte levels in the treated goats were observed to have a highly significant increase (p<0.01) post-treatment (day 48). The TLC, neutrophil and eosinophil levels showed a highly significant decrease (p<0.01) and monocyte per cent were observed to have a significant decrease (p<0.05) after treatment (day 48) with the three acaricides. Oxidative stress parameters revealed that malondialdehyde (MDA) level was seen to be higher and the superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) activities were seen to be lower in goats infested with S. scabiei var. caprae mite in comparison to their normal range of healthy goats kept as control. This implies that the goats infested with S. scabiei var. caprae were in a state of oxidative stress prior to the treatment(s) and with the progress of the treatment(s), the goats showed a significant decrease in MDA level and increase in SOD and GPx activities indicating a reduction of oxidative stress in the treated goats due to the treatment(s).