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Subject: Veterinary Medicine × Author: Hazarika, Pradyout Pallav × End date: 2022 × Start date: 2020 ×
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Clinico-haematobiochemical and therapeutic management of anaemia associated with Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) in dogs
    (College of Veterinary Science, Assam Agricultural University, Khanapara Campus, 2022-09) Hazarika, Pradyout Pallav; Changkija, Bendangla
    The present study entitled “CLINICO-HAEMATOBIOCHEMICAL AND THERAPEUTIC MANAGEMENT OF ANAEMIA ASSOCIATED WITH CHRONIC KIDNEY DISEASE (CKD) IN DOGS” was done for a period of 10 months viz. from October 2021 to July 2022 with the objectives to study the prevalence of anaemia and associated clinical and haemato-biochemical alterations in dogs presented at Veterinary Clinical Complex (VCC), College of Veterinary Science, Khanapara, Assam, and to evaluate the comparative therapeutic efficacy of recombinant human erythropoietin (rHuEPO) and parenteral iron alone or in a combination along with conservative therapy in anaemic dogs associated with CKD. The study revealed overall prevalence of 43.55% anaemia with higher prevalence in Mongrel (56.13%), male predominance (47.12%) and in age group of >6-10 years (64.63%). Clinical signs associated with anaemia were hypothermia, tachycardia, tachypnoea, pale mucous membrane, increased capillary refill time, anorexia, diarrhoea, halitosis, dental tartar and melena. Haemato-biochemical assessment revealed a normocytic normochromic anaemia with a significant decrease in the values of Hb, PCV and TEC in anaemic dogs. Hypoproteinemia and hypoalbuminemia with a significantly increased BUN, serum creatinine, ALT, AST and total bilirubin were also observed in anaemic dogs. The prevalence of anaemia associated with CKD was found to be 3.11%. Nephrosonogram of affected dogs revealed hyperechoic and hypoechoic thick renal cortices with partial to complete loss of cortico-medullary differentiation along with hyperechoic medullary rim, mild to complete loss of renal parenchyma and moderate to complete capsular disorientation. Proteinuria along with significant elevation in UPCR and significant decrease in urine creatinine was recorded in affected dogs. Haematobiochemical assessment revealed normochromic normocytic anaemia, hyperproteinemia, hyperalbuminemia and hyperphosphatemia along with significant elevation of BUN, serum creatinine, ALT, AST and total bilirubin in anaemic dogs associated with CKD. Combination of rHuEPO and parenteral iron along with conservative therapy was found to be more effective in the therapeutic management of anaemia associated with CKD with a survival rate of 75% (28 days) when compared to rHuEPO and parenteral iron given alone along with conservative therapy.