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ThesisItem Open Access Role of beneficial bacteria on yield of Calocybe indica and Pleurotus species and management of contaminants in mushroom beds(2022) Gogoi, Monuj; Sarmah, D. K.Milky (Calocybe indica) and oyster mushroom (Pleurotus spp.) is the mostimportant cultivated mushroom in India and a very less works has been conducted to identified the role of bacteria on growth and yield of mushrooms. Therefore, the aim of present study was to investigate the effective bacterial spp. isolated from cultivated mushroom substrates and their role in mycelial growth, influence of primordia formation, pinhead and yield of mushrooms. Six bacterial cultures were isolated from the growth substrates of Pleurotus spp. and casing soil of Calocybe indica. Out of six bacterial isolates, 3 isolates were observed positive effect on growth and development of mushroom species. The other isolates were inhibiting the mycelial growth of Pleurotus florida, Pleurotus djamor and Calocybe indica. In in vitro experiment was observed that addition of effective single and combine bacterial isolates with pure culture of C. indica, P. florida and P. djamor enhanced the pinhead formation in Petriplate conditions as compared to control. In vitro cultivation of Pleuortus spp., single and combined application of MB1, MB2 and MB5 could enhanached the formation of pinhead, primordia and fruting body as well as increasing the yield of P. florida and P. djamor. In in vivo experiments, combined application of MB1, MB2 and MB5 (T7) isolates were found to be the best treatment to enhances the spawn run, early initiation of pinhead, formation of fruiting body and yield of C. indica and P. florida. In case of P. djamor experiments, the maximum growth and yield parameters were observed in spraying of MB1 @ 30 ml/bed (T1) followed by spraying of MB1, MB2 and MB5 @ 30 ml/bed (T7) to promote the growth and yield parameters of P. djamor over control. The bacterial isolates viz., MB1, MB2 and MB5 were recorded more or less inhibition against the mycelial growth of Trichoderma spp. in in vitro conditions. The maximum mycelial growth inhibition percent (55.44%) was observed in MB2 isolates over control. The highest natural incidence of green mould contamination was observed in all the mushroom species viz., C. indica, P. florida and P. djamor beds in control treatment (without inoculation of bacterial isolates) in in vivo conditions. Based on cultural, morphological, biochemical and molecular analysis, the bacterial isolates viz., MB1, MB2 and MB5 were identified as Pseudomonas flourescens (96.79% homology with KM206793.1), Bacillus cereus (98.01% homology with MG594014.1) and Alcaligenes faecalis (98.26% homology with KY608969.1) respectively. In another experiment, all the effective bacterial isolates were able to produce growth promoting 6 substances like siderophore and IAA.Nutrient contents viz., crude protein, crude fat, crude fiber, ash and carbohydrate of C. indica and P. florida were enhanced by combined addition of effective bacterial isolates to the cultivated substrates over uninoculated control. In the present investigation it was also observed that the combined inoculation of effective bacterial isolates viz., MB1, MB2 and MB5 increased the mineral contents (calcium, sodium, magnesium and potassium) of C. indica and P. florida. In case of P. djamor, mineral contents were maximum in T1 (spraying of MB1 @ 30 ml/bed) followed by T7 (spraying of MB1 + MB2 + MB5 @ 30 ml/bed) as compared to control (T8). The results of present experiments concluded that artificial addition of growth promoting bacterium in growing medium play a crucial role in the early colonization of substrates, initiation of fruting body, yield enhancement and management of green mould contamination of mushrooms.
