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Subject: Animal Nutrition × End date: 2016 × Start date: 2010 × Type: Thesis ×
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    GROWTH PERFORMANCE AND NUTRIENT UTILIZATION OF CROSSBRED CALVES ON FEEDING OF PADDY AND STOVER BASED FEED BLOCK
    (College of Veterinary Science, Assam Agricultural University Khanapara, Guwahati-781022, 2016-07) Terangpi, Sangmirlin; Bhuyan, R.
    Eighteen male cross bred calves of about 9 to 10 months of age weighing average 72.2 kg body weight were randomly distributed into three treatment groups as T1, T2 and T3 respectively with 6 animals in each group by using randomized block design (RBD). T1 was fed with 100% paddy stover, concentrate mixture in the ratio 60:40 and green roughage as total mixed ration (TMR), T2 was fed with feed block consisting of 100% paddy stover, concentrate mixture and molasses in the ratio 60:30:10 and green roughage separately and T3 was fed with feed block consisting of 50% paddy stover, 50% paddy straw, concentrate mixture and molasses in the ratio 60:30:10 and green roughage separately. The three treatment groups were fed the same concentrate mixture containing 17.07 per cent DCP and 79.04 percent TDN for 90 days. Towards the end of the experiment a metabolism trial was conducted for 5 days. The average daily gain and FCE of different treatment groups were 94.44±3.18, 140.0±1.07 and 250.4±2.38 g; 19.32±0.74, 14.46±0.18 and 8.69±0.16 in T1, T2 and T3 groups respectively. Highly significant (P<0.001) difference were observed among the treatment groups in respect of gain per day and FCE. DM intake was highest in T3 followed by T2 and T1 (P<0.001). Digestibility coefficient of OM, CP and NDF were higher in T2 and T3 groups when compared with T1 (P<0.01). The digestibility coefficient of DM, CF and ADF in T2 and T3 higher (P<0.01) when compared with T1, however, no significant difference were observed between T2 and T3 groups. Digestibility coefficient of NFE was highest in T3 and lowest in T1 group (P<0.05) but no significant difference was observed between T1 and T2 and T2 and T3 groups. The EE digestibility were 62.99% in T1 and 67.91% in T3 and differences were non significant (P>0.05). All the animals of different treatment groups were in positive nitrogen, calcium and phosphorus balance. The blood constituent viz. serum glucose, serum total protein, serum albumin, serum globulin were within the normal range for crossbred calves but were highest in T3 followed by T2 and T1 (P<0.001). The serum cholesterol level was highest in T1 (P<0.001). The albumin/globulin ratio which was non significant (P>0.05) among the treatment groups. Plane of nutrition revealed that protein and energy received by the different treatment groups of animals (T1, T2 and T3) were adequate for maintenance on the basis of metabolic body weight. The cost per kg gain in body weight was lowest (Rs. 91.96) in T3 group in comparison to T1 (Rs. 133.40) and T2 (Rs. 137.42). The result suggested that crossbred calves can be reared on feeding of complete feed block having 50% paddy straw, 50% paddy stover (out of 60% roughage) and concentrate with molasses in the ratio 60:30:10, plus ad lib green roughage with economic advantage.
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    GROWTH PERFORMANCES OF SEXED COMMERCIAL BROILERS AT DIFFERENT DIETARY LEVELS OF PROTEIN
    (Assam Agricultural University, Khanapara,Guwahati, 2016-12) DOLEY, SUSMITA; AHMED, H.F.
    Two hundred seventy numbers of 7 day-old commercial broiler chicks were randomly divided into 3 sexed groups of mixed sex (T1), male (T2) and female (T3) groups of 90 chicks each. Each sexed group was further divided into 3 dietary treatment groups of 30 chicks each viz. T1D1, T1D2, T1D3, T2D1, T2D2, T2D3, T3D1, T3D2 and T3D3. Experimental broilers under these nine treatment groups were offered ad libitum quantities of 3 isocaloric experimental diets containing 3 different levels of protein viz. high protein (D1), medium protein (D2) and low protein (D3) with broiler starter (CP 24.92%, 23.13% and 20.97%) broiler finisher (CP 21.79%, 19.87% and 18.15%) diets from 7 to 21 days and from 22 to 42 days of age respectively. At the end of the 6th week, the mean total body weights were 1836, 1827, 1822, 1943, 1945, 1905, 1684, 1673, 1636g and the mean total weight gains were 1640, 1630, 1626, 1804, 1742, 1645, 1445, 1434 and 1400g for T1D1, T1D2, T1D3, T2D1, T2D2, T2D3, T3D1, T3D2 and T3D3 groups, respectively. The mean total feed intake were 3287, 3252, 3303, 3391, 3380, 3368, 3042, 3039 and 3029g and the average feed conversion ratios were 1.94, 1.93, 1.96, 1.89, 1.88, 1.91, 1.97, 1.99 and 2.03 for T1D1, T1D2, T1D3, T2D1, T2D2, T2D3, T3D1, T3D2 and T3D3 groups, respectively. The percentage retention of nitrogen were 56.33, 60.95, 59.60, 61.78, 66.73, 64.73, 50.77, 56.85 and 54.97, calcium were 46.25, 50.83, 48.19, 51.78, 56.18, 54.85, 42.17, 56.85 and 45.14 and phosphorous were 46.02, 49.12, 47.26, 50.72, 54.91, 53.29, 41.26, 44.72 and 43.16 for T1D1, T1D2, T1D3, T2D1, T2D2, T2D3, T3D1, T3D2 and T3D3 groups, respectively. The mean total dressed weight were 1584, 1580, 1489, 1763, 1748, 1661, 1429, 1403 and1208g, mean total dressing percentage were 71.09, 71.39, 70.76, 72.37, 72.21, 72.12, 71.15, 71.06 and 69.17% and mean total giblet weight were 122.6, 116.1, 103.2, 112.9, 127.1, 106.7, 104.6, 113.4 and 86.50 for T1D1, T1D2, T1D3, T2D1, T2D2, T2D3, T3D1, T3D2 and T3D3 groups, respectively. The mean weight of different cut parts were, neck (110.5, 105.5, 103, 117.5, 120, 112.2, 81.50, 78.50 and 69.0g), wing (183.5, 176.5, 164.0, 193.0, 222.5, 179.4, 160.5, 156.0 and 131.5g), breast (571.0, 564.0, 507.0, 583, 581.5, 538, 484.5, 499 and 437g), thigh (272.5, 276, 265, 314, 314.5, 303, 279.5, 254 and 215.5g), drumstick ( 222.5, 236.5, 227.5, 266.5, 251.5, 261.8, 211, 219 and 184g) and back (224, 221, 220.5, 288, 257.5, 266.4, 211.5, 196.5 and 171g) for T1D1, T1D2, T1D3, T2D1, T2D2, T2D3, T3D1, T3D2 and T3D3 groups respectively. Overall mean serum total protein level were 6.24, 5.76, 5.39, 6.29, 5.86, 5.43, 6.13, 5.64 and 5.20 g/dl, serum albumin were 2.47, 2.59, 2.60, 2.45, 2.77, 2.61, 2.67, 2.62 and 2.39 g/dl and serum globulin were 3.77, 3.18, 2.79, 3.84, 3.09, 2.82, 3.46, 3.02 and 2.81 g/dl for T1D1, T1D2, T1D3, T2D1, T2D2, T2D3, T3D1, T3D2 and T3D3 groups respectively. The body weights were found to be uniform in all the experimental treatment groups at a variation level of 10%. The mean broiler performance efficiency index were 94.74, 94.89, 92.93, 103.10, 103.70, 99.74, 85.10, 83.71 and 79.31 for T1D1, T1D2, T1D3, T2D1, T2D2, T2D3, T3D1, T3D2 and T3D3 groups respectively. The average profit per bird were found to be Rs. 57.84, 66.39, 69.76, 65.44, 74.82, 76.74, 49.13, 55.97 and 57.35 and average profit per kg body weight were found to be Rs. 31.51, 36.36, 38.30, 33.69, 38.47, 40.25, 29.29, 33.60 and 35.21 for T1D1, T1D2, T1D3, T2D1, T2D2, T2D3, T3D1, T3D2 and T3D3 groups, respectively. On the basis of broiler performance efficiency index and economics of production of the present study it may be concluded that male commercial broilers may be reared as single- sex group on diets containing protein levels as per BIS recommendations or even 2% lower to that.