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Subject: Animal Genetics and Breeding × Author: KAKKI, MARPI × End date: 2017 × Start date: 2016 × Type: Thesis × Thesis Type: M.V.Sc. ×
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    TYPE CHARACTERIZATION OF INDIGENOUS CATTLE (BOS INDICUS) OF ARUNACHAL PRADESH
    (Assam Agricultural University, Khanapara,Guwahati, 2017-07) KAKKI, MARPI; Zaman, G.U.
    A total of 404 animals for body measurement, 810 lactation records for performance traits, 71 birth weight records and 140 milk samples for estimation of milk constituents from indigenous cattle of Arunachal Pradesh were utilized in the present study. The data obtained were classified according to location, age group, lactation order, sex and stage of lactation. The least-squares means for head length, eye to eye space, breadth of forehead, neck length, neck circumference, horn length, horn circumference at base, horn circumference at middle, horn circumference at tip, distance between two horns at base, distance between two horns at middle, distance between two horns at tip, ear length, body length, height at withers, heart girth, pouch girth, length of arm, elbow length, fore shank length, thigh length, hind shank length, length of pes, length of tail, length of switch, length of udder, width of udder, depth of udder, teat length and teat diameter were 32.269 ± 0.112, 12.749 ± 0.048, 13.239 ± 0.040, 27.718 ± 0.085, 56.551 ± 0.237, 10.348 ± 0.087, 10.517 ± 0.035, 7.898 ± 0.037, 3.715 ± 0.020, 12.615 ± 0.038, 16.854 ± 0.044, 17.419 ± 0.046, 16.975 ± 0.032, 98.475 ± 0.155, 97.123 ± 0.153, 117.582 ± 0.241, 122.462 ± 0.243, 24.448 ± 0.048, 25.599 ± 0.043, 24.970 ± 0.041, 26.426 ± 0.052, 27.598 ± 0.054, 29.206 ± 0.061, 50.498 ± 0.160, 26.628 ± 0.072, 30.940 ± 0.105, 21.506 ± 0.069, 9.923 ± 0.037, 4.459 ± 0.024 and 2.762 ± 0.025cm respectively. Age, sex and location had significant effect on various measurements under head and neck, body, legs, feet and tail and udder. The most predominant horn orientation was curved upward (37.30 per cent) with black (55.14 per cent) and grey (44.86 per cent) horn colours and horizontal type of ear orientation. Among the 8 (eight) types of coat colours recorded, brown (30.69 per cent) was predominant, while common colours of muzzle, hoof and switch were black with a frequency of 73.76 per cent, 73.02 per cent and 65.59 per cent respectively. The least-squares means for age at first calving, lactation milk yield, lactation length, peak yield, days to attain peak yield, dry period, gestation period, inter calving period and birth weight of indigenous cattle of Arunachal Pradesh were found to be 44.553 ± 0.138 months, 296.710 ± 0.803 kg, 239.513 ± 0.483 days, 1.820 ± 0.005 kg, 35.974 ± 0.076 days, 209.957 ± 0.742 days, 272.557 ± 0.073 days, 447.085 ± 0.702 days and 14.554 ± 0.103 kg respectively. Location had significant effect on all the productive and reproductive traits except peak yield, days to attain peak yield, dry period and gestation period whereas the effect of lactation order was non-significant for gestation period. Farmers followed semi-intensive type of management system. The least-squares means for fat, solids-not-fat, protein and total solids per cent of milk in indigenous cows of Arunachal Pradesh were 5.895 ± 0.032 per cent, 8.582 ± 0.027 per cent, 2.790 ± 0.017 per cent and 14.483 ± 0.048 per cent respectively. Location and lactation order showed non-significant effect on all the milk constituents viz., fat, solids-not-fat, protein and total solids percentage however, stage of lactation showed significant effect on fat and total solids percentage.