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ThesisItem Open Access STUDY OF BACTERIAL POPULATION OF INDOOR BIOFLOC SYSTEM FOR REARING OF GIFT TILAPIA (Accession No. T0(DBSKKV,Dapoli, 2020-11) EDIGA, ARUN GOUD; Chavan, B. R.A study was undertaken to evaluate the bacterial count, predominant bacteria of biofloc and also to assess the growth and survival of GIFT tilapia fry using different carbon sources in biofloc system for a period of 90 days. The experiment was carried out using HDPE tanks of 100 L capacity in the wet laboratory of College of Fisheries, Shirgaon, Ratnagiri. Fry (4.40 ± 0.03cm) were stocked in 20 circular tanks following Completely Randomized Design. The fry were stocked at 250 nos. m3. A commercial floating feed having 35% dietary protein level was added to the experimental tanks. Different carbon sources used were molasses (T1), sugar (T2) and jaggery (T3) along with control (T0). The growth parameters (length, length gain, weight, weight gain and specific growth rate) and survival were analysed fortnightly. The water quality parameters such as temperature, pH, dissolved oxygen, free carbon-dioxide, total alkalinity, total hardness, floc volume, total suspended solids, ammonia-nitrogen, nitrite-nitrogen and nitrate-nitrogen were analysed at 15 days interval. Bacterial count were also were analysed at 15 days interval. Growth and survival of fry was not affected by the kind of carbon source tested in the study. All carbon sources showed better growth than the control. However, the maximum growth i.e. average length, length gain, weight, weight gain and specific growth rate were observed in T1 which were significantly higher (P<0.05) than that of T2, T3 and T0. The survival of 91.20 ± 1.50, 86.40 ± 0.98, 89.60 ± 0.98and 82.40 ± 0.98 % was observed in T1, T2, T3 and T0, respectively. The survival in T1 was significantly higher (P<0.05) than the other treatments. The higher NH3-N levels were observed in T0 on the 30 day of the experiment and then decreased till the end of the experiment. This indicates that biofloc helps to maintain the ammonia-nitrogen levels at optimum ranges. Results revealed that the water quality parameters were within suitable range for rearing of GIFT tilapia fry.ThesisItem Open Access Gut Content Correlation of selected marine pelagic fishes with ambient panktonic composition ( T06869)(dr. B.S.KKV., Dapoli, 2020-11) Golwankar, Aslesha Pravin; Mohite, S. A.Pelagic fin-fish resource of India contributes to about 55% of the total marine fish production, with a major contribution from the West coast of India. Pelagic fishes are diverse group of small to large shoaling fishes which occupy mainly the surface and column layers of the water mass. From the commercial point of view, the Indian mackerel, Rastrelliger kanagurta, the Oil sardine, Sardinella longiceps and the Dussumier's anchovy, Thryssa dussumieri are the important pelagic fishes found along Ratnagiri coast of Maharashtra. Present study was undertaken to understand the interspecific relationship among these fishes with other organisms in their environment, their feeding preferences and to determine the trophic level where they preferred to feed. The composition of food indicated that R. kanagurta fed mainly on zooplankton and phytoplankton and confirmed it being a planktonivorous species feeding selectively on a wide range of planktonic organisms. The feeding was in relation to the reproductive cycle with low feeding intensity during the pre-spawning and spawning periods. The Forage ratio for the phytoplankton species selected by R. kangutrta ranged from 1.5 to 1.8, for zooplankton, 2.0 to 2.4; for copepods, was 2.4 and for algae 1.3. The trophic level of R. kangutrta was found to be 2.13±0.15. The study showed that there were two spawning peaks viz. from April to September and from December to February. The composition of food indicated that S. longiceps fed mainly on diatoms, phytoplankton as well as on zooplankton. The study indicated that S. longiceps was a “herbivorous-stenophagic-surface feeder”, selecting certain types of food items though the habitat offered a large number of prey types. The Forage ratio for phytoplankton ranged from 1.08 to 1.13; for zooplankton, 1.19 to 1.27 and for copepods, 2.4. The trophic level of S. longiceps was found to be 2.17±0.11, further confirming that it was feeding at the trophic level of herbivorous organisms. Oil sardine showed the spawning period extending from August to September and showed less feeding activity during spawning season. The composition of food indicates that Thryssa dussumieri feeds mainly on zooplankton indicating carnivorous feeding habit. Active and moderate feeding was observed during the peak spawning period, whereas higher feeding intensity was noted in spent fishes. The forage ratio for the zooplankton species ranged from 1.5 to 2.4 and for other major food items, it was 1.9 to 2.1. The tropic level for T. dussumieri was calculated as 2.89±0.16, confirming the higher trophic level of carnivores. T. dussumieri was observed to spawn intermittently twice i.e in February - March and again in August to October.ThesisItem Open Access AWARENESS AND PERCEPTION ABOUT CLIMATE CHANGE AMONG ESTUARINE FISHERS OF RATNAGIRI, MAHARASHTRA (Accession No. T06863)(dr. B.S.KKV., Dapoli, 2019-12) TELANG, SADHANA BALAJI; CHAUDHARI, K. J.The present study was carried out with objectives to study the awareness and perception about climate change among the estuarine fishers of Ratnagiri. Data was obtained from 73 estuarine fishers selected through random sampling method. An interview schedule was used for data collection. Maximum percentage (27.40%) of estuarine fishers were in the 31-40 age group. Majority of the estuarine fishers (78.08%) were educated up to secondary level education. Most of the estuarine fishers belonged to Muslim (84.93%) religion and very few were Hindu. About 2.74% of the fishers had yellow ration card and 97.26% orange ration card. About 71.23% of the estuarine fishers have heard about climate change, 28.77% of fishers did not hear about climate change. The main source of information on climate change was through own experience (92.30%). The estuarine fishers experienced extreme changes in weather, temperature has increased, decreased rainfall, irregular seasonal transition, decreased fishing days, decreased number of species caught and deposition of the beach. ‘Avoiding pollution, was found the most important practice for prevention of climate change. About 46.58% of the estuarine fishers have moderate knowledge about climate change and 24.66% of fishers have excellent knowledge about climate change. The estuarine fishers perceived that average temperature, changing rainfall pattern, frequency of extreme climatic events like floods, cyclones, landslides has increased, fish stock, fishing point, migration of fishes, change in species availability, reduction in income, increased cost of fishing, habitat destruction, monsoonal fluctuation and seawater inundation has impacts of climate change. Estuarine fishers have medium level of awareness (71.23%) about climate change.ThesisItem Open Access ADOPTION OF BETTER MANAGEMENT PRACTICES BY SHRIMP FARMERS ALONG SOUTH KONKAN COAST OF MAHARASHTRA (Accession No. T06864)(dr. B.S.KKV., Dapoli, 2020-11) NAIK, BHALCHANDRA VILAS; Patil, S. V.Brackishwater shrimp farming is one of the important economic activity in Coastal Maharashtra. However, shrimp farmers are facing a lot of challenges mainly due to disease incidence. Disease is the major threat to shrimp farming. Production, profitability and sustainability in shrimp farming is questionable. It is, therefore very much essential to adopt Better Management Practices in shrimp farming right from the stage of pond preparation till post-harvest activities to achieve sustainability in shrimp farming. Therefore, it is necessary to understand the practices followed by shrimp farmers. Considering this situation, the present study has been undertaken in South Konkan region of Maharashtra to study the knowledge and extent of adoption of Better Management Practices by the shrimp farmers and constraints faced by shrimp farmers in order to achieve sustainable yield in shrimp farming. Information was collected from 59 shrimp farmers by using structured interview schedule. It was found that the maximum 47.97 % shrimp farmers were observed with medium knowledge, whereas 41.40 % of shrimp farmers were with high knowledge and only 10.63 % of shrimp farmers had low knowledge about better management practices in shrimp farming along South Konkan coast of Maharashtra. The most of the shrimp farmers (43.18 %) in the South Konkan region had low adoption while, 37.03 % of shrimp farmers had medium adoption and only 19.79 % of shrimp farmers were found with high adoption about overall better management practices in shrimp farming. The adoption ratio between the knowledge and adoption about better management practices in shrimp farming, along the South Konkan region of Maharashtra was less than one. It can be concluded that all better management practices were less adopted than knowledge. Shrimp price fluctuation (weighted average 39.00), non-availability of crop insurance (weighted average 39.33), and high cost of feed (weighted average 34.67), less Fancy Line Dividers Clip Art Car Pictures | Decorative lines, Free ...availability of good quality seed (weighted average 31.67), prevalence of disease outbreak (weighted average of 31.33) and high cost of seed (weighted average of 31.33) were the major constraint faced by shrimp farmers. It is suggested to address all the identified constraints and immediate preventive measures to be taken to sustain the shrimp culture in South Konkan region, Maharashtra.ThesisItem Open Access STUDY OF ANTI -MICROBIAL ACTIVITIES OF EXTRACTS FROM MARINE SPONGE, Hyrtios cavernosus (VACELET, VASSEUR & LEVI, 1976) FROM RATNAGIRI COAST (Accession No. T06865)(dr. B.S.KKV., Dapoli, 2019-10) PAWASKAR, DARSHAN KAMLAKAR; Mohite, Swapnaja A.Sponges are the members of Phylum Porifera and being the most ancient phylum living from intertidal to abyssal (deepest ocean). Sponges are mostly found in many tropical reef ecosystem as well as in fresh water habitats and contain a variety of microbial symbionts. These symbionts like bacteria and algae are responsible for the variety of bioactive compounds that help in the defense mechanism of sponges. These bioactive compounds having anti microbial properties could be used for developing edicines for humans and other animals including fishes. Current work analyzed the anti-microbial activities of the marine sponge, Hyrtios cavernosus found along the Alawa and Aare ware shores of Ratnagiri coast. The sponge extracts were prepared using methanol, chloroform and methanol: chloroform as solvents. They were tested against five bacteria viz. Escherichia coli , Aeromonas veroni, A. salmonicida, Pseudomonas fluroscence and Staphylococcus spp. The concentrations of 100x extracts were serially diluted with respective solvents to 1x, 2x, 3x and 4x. Methanol extract from Alawa station at 4x concentration showed inhibiting activity against E.coli (14.0 ± 0.22 mm), A. veronii (9.87 ± 0.22 mm) , A. salmonicida (13.67 ± 0.18 mm) , P. flueroscence (12.67 ± 0.32 mm) and Staphylococcus spp.(14.33 ± 0.13 mm), while from Aare ware station, the values were as E.coli (13.33 ± 0.28 mm) , A. veronii ( 11.0 ± 0.53 mm), A. salmonicida ( 14.33 ± 0.32 mm), P. flueroscence (12.34 ± 0.23 mm) and Staphylococcus spp.(13.33 ± 0.29 mm). For Chloroform extract from Alawa showed activity aganist only A. salmonicida (18.67 ± 0.34 mm) and Staphylococcus spp. (15.67 ± 0.32 mm), and from Aare ware, A.salmonicida ( 18.0 ± 0.32 mm) and Staphylococcus spp. (15.0 ± 0.25 mm). The Methanol:Chloroform (2:1) extract from Alawa showed inhibition zones against all the tested bacteria at 4x concentration as E.coli ( 19.33 ± 0.23 mm) , A.veronii (11.33 ± 0.27 mm), A.salmonicida ( 14.33 ± 0.23 mm), P. flueroscence ( 12.33 ± 0.19 mm) and Staphylococcus spp.(13.34 ± 0.32 mm), while values for sponge extract from Aare ware were E.coli ( 19.5 ± 0.32 mm) , A. veronii (14.5 ± 0.18 mm), A.salmonicida ( 11.68±0.29 mm) , P. flueroscence ( 12.83±0.15 mm) and Staphylococcus spp.(12.66± 0.34 mm). This indicated that these sponge -solvent extracts were effective against the selected bacteria at 4x concentrations.ThesisItem Open Access AWARENESS AND PERCEPTION ABOUT CLIMATE CHANGE AMONG THE TRAWL NET OPERATORS OF RATNAGIRI, MAHARASHTRA (Accession No. T06866)(dr. B.S.KKV., Dapoli, 2019-12) KANICHE, AARTI RAJENDRA; Wasave, S. M.Present study has been conducted in Ratnagiri, Maharashtra to study awareness and perception about climate change among trawl net operators. Data were collected from 70 trawl net operators by random sampling. The information were collected with a pre-tested structured interview schedule. Statistical tools such as Garrett ranking, Likert scale and percentage analysis were used wherever required. The result revealed that majority (31.43%) of the trawl net operators was in 41 to 50 years age group. Most of the trawl net operators (81.43%) were educated up to secondary level. All the trawl net operators observed in Ratnagiri block were males. About 52.86 per cent trawl net operators belonged to Hindu and 47.14 per cent belonged to Muslim religion. All the trawl net operators in Ratnagiri block possessed orange ration cards. Most of the trawl net operators were having nuclear families (70%) and 60 per cent of the families were having less than or equal to five members in their families. Majority of respondents were trawl owner (48.35%), followed by tandel (38.46%) and crew (13.19%). Total 70 per cent of trawl net operators had heard about climate change in Ratnagiri. About 48.57 per cent of respondents had moderate knowledge about local climate change. Majority (73.41%) of the trawl net operators’ main source of information was own experience. Almost 91.43 per cent of trawl net operators reported increased temperature. Trawl net operators perceived decreased rainfall, decreased fish availability, decreased number of species caught, decreased fishing days, decreased fish catch, extreme change in weather and irregular seasonal transition in Ratnagiri. Availability of water as normal and regular fish species were perceived by respondents. The most preferred practice for preventing climate change by trawl net operators was mangrove protection. Trawl net operators perceived that, fishing point, fish stock, migration of fishes, reduction in income, increased cost of fishing, monsoonal fluctuation, habitat destruction and extreme weather events as impacts of climate change. It can be concluded that, awareness creation about climate change impact and coping strategies is a key measure to address the impact of climate change.ThesisItem Open Access SOCIO-ECONOMIC STATUS OF FRESH FISH RETAILERS OF MORMUGAO, SOUTH GOA(Dr. Balasaheb Sawant Konkan Krishi Vidyapeeth, Dapoli, Dist. Ratnagiri, 2019-11) Chavan, Shweta Mahesh; YADAV, B. M.The study was carried out with objective to study the socio-economic status of fresh fish retailers of Mormugao Taluka, South Goa. Data was obtained from 74 retailers selected through random sampling. Most of the retailers (31.08%) were in the age group 42-50 years. Very few (17.57%) of the retailers had secondary level of education and majority (75.67%) of the fresh fish retailers were illiterate; most of the fresh fish retailers belonged to the Hindu religion (66.22%), followed by Christian (32.43%) and Muslim (1.35%). Most of the fish retailers families lived in semi-pucca houses (78.37%), followed by pucca houses (17.58%) while very few lived in apartment (4.05%) and maximum fish retailers lived in their own house 71.62%. Most (29.73%) of the fresh fish retailers had 3 rooms followed by two rooms (25.67%). About 20.27% retailers had 1 room, 17.57% had four rooms and very few had 5 rooms (6.76%). The social participation of fresh fish retailers was observed to be very poor. Quantity of fish sold by retailers per day was 5.85 kg with average purchase price was ₹155/- per kg and selling price was ₹197/- per kg. Average market margin was 41.71 per kg for all fish varieties. Health status showed that retailers suffered from back pain, joint problems, blood pressure, obesity, stomach gas problems, headache, diabetes and asthma. Major constraints faced by retailers were spoilage during storage, high transportation cost, no proper facility for disposal of waste, no proper sanitary facility and unclean surrounding area. Keywords: Socio-economic status, fresh fish retailers, Mormugoa, constraints, family budget.ThesisItem Open Access DEVELOPMENT OF FISH BALL IN CURRY FROM CATLA AMITA (Accession No. T05130)(DBSKKV., Dapoli, 2012-05) Kolekar Amita Deepak; Pagarkar A. V.The production of catla (Catla catla) has increased in India, few attempts has been made to develop value added products therefore there is urgent need to develop value added product from this fish to increase the profitability. Processing of carps into value-added products enhance their acceptability and market value as revealed by the sensory evaluation of the product. Adding value means employing processing methods, specialized ingredients or novel packaging to enhance the nutrition, sensory characteristics, shelf life and convenience of food products. The present day consumer particularly urban consumers are showing more and more interest in food products which are available in ready-to-eat form. Keeping this in view an attempt was made to develop ready-to-eat product fish ball in curry from fresh water fish (C. catla) using the locally available ingredients. The developed product “fish ball in curry” was stored at chilled (0 to -2°C) and frozen (- 18°C) temperature for shelf life study. 6.1 Catla surimi prepared by 0.15% salt water washing have better quality than surimi prepared without salt water washing. 6.2 The average percentage yield of catla surimi was 25.02%. 6.3 The moisture, crude protein, fat, carbohydrate and ash content in catla surimiwas77.42, 17.38, 1.10, 2.14 and 1.96%. 6.4 Biochemical quality characteristics were recorded for catla surimi including pH (6.7), TVB-N (6.9 mg/100g) and peroxide value (1.10 millimoles of O2/kg) for catla surimi. Recorded physical characteristics for catla surimi were L*, a*, b*, L*- 3b*(whiteness) values 77.38, -1.39, 12.48, 40.57 respectively and gel strength 96.18 gxmm. SUMMARY 95 6.5 Total plate count of catla surimi was 3.9x105cfu/g, whereas, pathogenic bacteria viz. Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli and Salmonella sp. were not detected in catla surimi. 6.6 The catla fish ball in curry was standardized using different ingredients. It was found that, fish ball in curry prepared with 0.51 g, 3.34 g and 1.00 g ginger, garlic and green chilly respectively showed organoleptically highest score for all the attributes as compared to other. 6.7 Fish ball in curry prepared with 60:40 (w/w) ratio of ordinary to modified starch and 4 hrs setting time at 25°Chad highest score for all the attributes as compared to other. 6.8 Standardized fish ball had 79.20 gxmm gel strength. 6.9 Proximate composition of catla fish ball in curry kept in chilled and frozen storage showed slight variation but no significant difference was observed at the beginning and at the end of the storage study. 6.10 The organoleptic score for overall acceptability of the catla fish ball in curry kept in chilled and frozen storage showed slight decreasing trend from 0 to 12 days and 0 to 300 days respectively. The catla fish ball in curry kept in chilled as well as in frozen stored was not in acceptable condition after 9 and 285 days respectively. 6.11 The pH showed slightly decreased in both chilled and frozen stored fish ball in curry from 6.38 to 6.07 and 6.38 to 5.10 respectively. 6.12 The peroxide value in both chilled and frozen stored fish ball in curry increased from 2.27 to 9.47 and 2.27 to 12.37meq of O2/kg respectively. 6.13 The total volatile base-nitrogen (TVB-N) value of catla fish ball in curry increased in chilled and frozen stored from 5.04 to 17.64 and 5.04 to 25.65 mg/100gm respectively.
