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Master Degree Theses

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2013 - 20162
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Subject: Agricultural Meteorology ×

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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Coalesced impact assessment of climate change through simulation modelling (DSSAT model) for rice cultivars at south Gujarat
    (AGRICULTURAL METEOROLOGICAL CELL DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURAL ENGINEERING N. M. COLLEGE OF AGRICULTURE NAVSARI AGRICULTURAL UNIVERSITY NAVSARI, 2016) Hadiya, Nilesh J.; Kumar, Neeraj
    ing the complex interactions between a range of factors that affect crop performance, including weather, soil properties and management. In the present investigation, CERES-Rice v.4.6 and WOFOST-Rice v.2.1.2 models were used to develop genetic coefficients and validate it under Navsari conditions by conducting a field experiment was conducted on college farm, Navsari Agricultural University, Navsari (Gujarat) during the kharif season of the year 2015. The experiment was laid out in a split plot design with four dates of transplanting (D1-10th July, D2-25th July, D3-9th August and D4-24th August) as main plot treatment, three genotypes (cv. Jaya, Gurjari and GNR-2) and two nitrogen levels (N1-75 kg ha-1 and N2-100 kg ha-1) as sub-plot treatment with three replications. The study was carried out for purposes of simulation of phenology, growth and yield of three different cultivars of rice, validation of four dates of transplanting, calibration of genetic coefficients of three different rice cultivars and to carry out the sensitivity analysis of CERES-Rice model with respect to south Gujarat region. ABSTRACT The results obtained during the track of study, discovered that the weather had played, significant role in deciding the yield of rice. However, the weather variables affected the crop growth, development and yield differently in different phenophases during its growth period. The results, regarding different phenophases as well as yield attributing characters of rice genotypes as influenced by different treatments, showed that the first date of transplanting (D1) at 100 kg nitrogen level in cv. Gurjari produced significantly higher grain yield as well as above ground biomass. A similar trend was also observed in the plant height, number of tillers plant-1, number of grains panicle-1, number of panicles meter-2, number of grains meter-2, test weight, grain yield and by-product weight. Both the modelsCERES and WOFOST model were validated with field experimental data of 2015. The CERES model predicted the occurrence of phenophases like panicle initiation, anthesis, beginning of grain filling and physiological maturity (DAT) at different dates of transplanting and nitrogen levels within ±1 to 3 days of observed values at Navsari location. Prediction of yield and yield characters viz. grain yield, unit weight of grain, above ground biomass, by-product weight and harvest index at different dates of transplanting and nitrogen levels within ±10 to 30 percent error. The phenophases of genotypes (cv. Jaya, cv. Gurjari and cv. GNR-2) at different dates of transplanting and nitrogen levels were predicted by CERES-Rice Version 4.6 model with more accurately as compare to yield and yield attributing characters predicted by CERES and WOFOST model at same treatments.The climate change study was carried out by CERES model. There was negative effect was observed by increase in maximum temperature and highest positive effects (up to 60% increase in yield) was observed by increase up to 200 ppm CO2 concentration in the air and its opposite effect was observed by decreasing CO2 concentration in air. The minor effect was observed by changing of daily solar radiation hypothetically. The combined run of CERES-rice model’s weather modification component for yield at in decrease in maximum, minimum temperature and solar radiation, and increase in CO2 concentration illustrated increase in grain yield, Harvest Index and duration of physiological maturity. Total GDD utilized by different dates of transplanting of rice genotypes to attain the maturity almost different to respective dates of transplanting. Further, it was noticed that the thermal indices
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Simulation modeling of rice (Oryza sativa L.) cultivars using DSSAT model (version 4.5) for South Gujarat heavy rainfall zone
    (AGRICULTURAL ENGINEERING DEPT., NAVSARI AGRICULTURAL UNIVERSITY, NAVSARI, 2013-07) Mote, Balaji M.; Neeraj Kumar
    A field experiment was conducted on college farm, Navsari Agricultural University, Navsari (Gujarat) during the kharif season of the year 2012. The experiment was laid out in a split plot design with three dates of transplanting (D1, D2 and D3) as main plot treatment, three genotypes (V1, V2 and V3) and two nitrogen levels (N1 and N2) as sub- plot treatment with three replications. The results obtained during the track of study, discovered that the weather had played, significant role in deciding the yield of rice. However, the weather variables affected the crop growth, development and yield differently in different phenophases during its growth period. The results, regarding different phenophases as well as yield attributing characters of rice genotypes as influenced by different treatments, showed that the first date of transplanting (D1) at 100 kg nitrogen level in cv. Gurjari produced significantly higher grain yield as well as above ground biomass. A similar trend was also observed in the plant height, number of tillers plant-1, number of grains panicle-1, number of panicles meter-2, number of grains meter-2, test weight, grain yield, by- product weight, maximum leaf area index and number of days taken in different phenophases, followed by D2 at 100 kg nitrogen level in cv. Jaya and D3 at same nitrogen level in GNR-2. The observed data were tested and validated using the DSSAT Version 4.5 (CERES-Rice). Simulation model was tested for its capability to predict phenology, growth and yield of rice cv. Jaya, Gurjari and GNR-2. CERES model was calibrated by using passed years data base (2009-2011) for determination of genetic coefficients of crop cv. Jaya, Gurjari and GNR-2. The CERES-Rice model was validated with field experimental data of 2012. The model predicted the occurrence of phenophases like panicle initiation, anthesis, beginning of grain filling and physiological maturity (DAT) at different dates of transplanting and nitrogen levels within ± 12.58 days of observed values at Navsari location. Prediction of yield and yield characters viz. grain yield, unit weight of grain, above ground biomass, by-product weight and harvest index at different dates of transplanting and nitrogen levels within ± 30.68 percent error. The phenophases of genotypes (cv. Jaya, cv. Gurjari and cv. GNR-2) at different dates of transplanting and nitrogen levels was predicted by CERES- Rice Version 4.5 model with more accurately as campare to yield and yield attributing characters at same treatments. Total GDD utilized by different dates of transplanting of rice genotypes to attain the maturity almost different to respective dates of transplanting. Further, it was noticed that the thermal indices use efficiencies varied with the dates of transplanting of rice crop.