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1990 - 199912000 - 20091
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Author: Jayasree, K × Thesis Type: M.Sc ×
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Relative response of explant material of myristica fragrans houtt to in vitro culture
    (Department of Horticulture, College of Agriculture, Vellayani, 1990) Jayasree, K; KAU; Ramachandran Nair, S
    Attempts were made to study the relative response of explant material of Myristica fragrans Houtt to in vitro culture. The experiment was carried out in the Tissue Culture Laboratory of the Department of Horticulture, College of Agriculture, Vellayani. Explants from nutmeg of various ontogenic age were selected for culture. Various basal media including MS medium, SH medium, LS medium and woody plant Medium were tried. Shoot explants from 3 – 6 month old seedlings registered a higher percentage of culture establishment and initial callusing rate. Woody Plant Medium supported relatively higher survival and initial growth of explants. Experiments using various chemicals for preculture treatment showed that explants could be effectively surface sterilised using 0.1 per cent mercuric chloride with a treatment time of 12 minutes. Preculture treatment using pvp (0.7%) + sucrose (2%) for thirty minutes was effective for reducing the interference of phenolics. Normal strength MS medium was unsuitable for culture establishment and initial callusing of nutmeg explants. Incorporation of GA3 in the medium did not influence shoot proliferation or growth of cultures. Callus proliferation did not occur on MS medium even after subculturing. Callus production was made possible from shoot apex explants of young seedlings. Efforts to induce Callus proliferation were not successful. The procedure of In vitro culture using anther/flower bud/endosperm of nutmeg were not successful. Among the various basal media tried, woody Plant Medium was found suitable for initial callusing of nutmeg.
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Yield prediction in cocoa (Theobrama cacao L)
    (College of Horticulture, Vellanikkara, 2009) Jayasree, K; KAU; Laly, john C
    The present investigation, “Yield prediction in Cocoa (Theobroma cacao L.)” was undertaken to determine the age at yield stabilization, to identify the optimum range for growth characters and early yield and to identify yield prediction models, if any, based on the growth characters and early yield of cocoa. For this purpose, the data were collected from a progeny trial of the Cadbury-KAU Co-operative Cocoa Research Project, Vellanikkara, pertaining to Forastero variety of cocoa, planted in 1989 under the shade of rubber. Individual plant data on girth (13 years), height (three years), spread (one year) and pod yield (12 years) of 660 plants were analyzed. Graphical method, correlation and regression analyses, analysis of variance, frequency distribution and 95% confidence interval were used. From graphical analyses, it was found that stabilized yield for the plant was obtained from sixth year after planting. Correlation studies established that girth is an important determining factor of yield potential of cocoa. Height in the early years has significant association with girth and yield of the plant. HD2 in the initial year of planting has clear influence on the yield of the plant upto age at yield stabilization. HD2 in the first and second year after planting have clear influence on the yield after stabilization year. Precocity has significant influence on total yield. No model could be obtained for predicting total yield of cocoa based on growth characters with reasonable predictability. There exists optimum for girth at different stages of plant growth and was derived from planting to 12 years after planting, for maximizing yield. The optimum ranges for seedling height and precocity, optimum combination of girth and height of seedlings and optimum combination of initial girth, initial height and precocity was derived, for maximizing yield.