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Theses

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2001 - 20032
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Subject: Veterinary and Animal Husbandry Extension Education × End date: 2008 × Start date: 2000 × Thesis Type: M.V.Sc. ×
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Comparison of polymerase chain recation with conventional methods for the diagnosis of leptospirosis
    (Department of Microbiology, College of Veterinary and Animal Sciences,Mannuthy, 2003) Elaiyaraja, M; KAU; Jayaprakasan, V
    A study was undertaken to standardize the peR technique for the diagnosis of leptospirosis and to compare the efficacy of peR with DFM and culture in the diagnosis of leptospirosis. Two sets of primers, namely, primers A and B derived from Leptospira interrogans serovar canicola rrs (16S) gene and G I and G2 derived from genomic library of L. interrogans serovar icterohaemorrhagiae, were evaluated to amplify 12 reference strains of leptospires representing the serovars viz., australis, rachmati.; canicola, grippotyphosa, hardjo, hebdomadis, icterohaemorrhagiae, pomona, poi, pyrogenes, tarassovi and patoc. The primers A and B specifically amplified all the serovars tested, while the primers Gland G2 failed to amplify the serovar patoc. The primers A and B which amplified a 331 base pair fragment of leptospiral DNA were used for the routine detection of leptospires in clinical samples. Restriction enzyme digestion of the primer A and B amplified product with the enzymes Dde I and MnI I and direct sequencing established the identity of the amplified product. A total of 192 samples were collected from different sources like human, dogs and bovines with suspected history of leptospirosis and from rodents. All were tested by peR and the positivity ranged from 33.3 to 54.2 per cent. Of the samples collected 125 samples were tested by all the three techniques viz., peR, DFM and culture and the results were compared. The peR technique was found to be more sensitive, specific and rapid, over conventional methods as it detected 41.6 per cent, compared to 25.6 per cent by DFM and 2.4 per cent by culture, of the samples tested.
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Synergistic effect of alfatoxin B1 and ochratoxin A in chick embryos
    (Centre for Excellence in Pathology, College of Veterinary and Animal Sciences,Mannuthy, 2001) Rony Ray John, KAU; Lalithakunjmma, C R
    The present study was taken up to investigate the synergistic effects of the mycotoxins AFBl and OA on chick embryos, the variations in the susceptibility to the toxins both individually and in combination. Embryomortality, teratogenicity and reduced embryonic weight were some of the deleterious effects observed in the inoculated chick embryos. The abnormalities seen were more in the combined toxin treated group and they included stunted embryos,' evisceration, herniation of yolk sac, beak abnormalities, cranioschisis and oedema of head and neck. Both the liver and kidney were equally damaged and extensi ve haemorrhage into the parenchyma of all the organs was the main histological lesion observed in addition to degenerative and necrotic changes. This study showed that mycotoxins deleteriously affect a number of parameters associated with embryonic growth.