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Theses

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1978 - 19794
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Subject: Veterinary Medicine × End date: 1979 × Start date: 1978 × Type: Thesis ×
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Studies on mastitis in goats
    (Department of Medicine, College of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Mannuthy, 1978) Venugopal, K; KAU; Paily, E P
    In the present investigation, milk samples from 56 clinical and 379 apparently normal goats were examined. Staphaurous was isolated from 52 percent of clinical cases. The other organisms isolated were, starph. Epidermidis, str, agalactiae, C.pyogenes, K.pneumoniae, Esch. Coli, Ent.aerogenes and P.aeruginosa. The samples examined from apparently normal goats revealed an incidence of 47 percent subclinical mastitis. Mastaid Test conducted on milk samples from apparently normal goats revealed that this test was 96.5 percent efficient in detecting subclinical mastitis. From the somatic cell counts performed on milk samples, it was observed that normal milk (CMT Zero) had a mean cell count of 0.9 lakhs per ml. The cell counts of 5 to 10 lakhs (CMT + ) represented subclinical mastitis. When a comparative study was conducted study was conducted with mastrid test, whiteside test and tcepol mastitic test it was observed that mastaid reagent could only be relied upon in detecting subclinical mastitis. Chloramphenicol was found to be the drug of choice in goat mastitis, as evidenced by the in vitro sensitivity tests. Erythromycin, Ampicillin, Terramycin and Pencillin were moderately efficient. Results of the treatment with sensitive drugs on 40 selected clinical cases have been discussed.
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Study on the incidence of brucellosis in buffaloes in Trichur
    (Department of Preventive Medicine, College of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Mannuthy, 1978) Baby, K; KAU; Paily, E P
    The result of an investigation, carried out on 1026 buffaloes in and around Trichur, to assess the incidence of brucellosis in buffaloes was recorded. Standard serum tube agglutination test was carried out on the blood samples collected from 590 animals in and around Trichur, 146 animals maintained in the three organised farms in the State and 290 animals slaughtered at the abattoir, Kuriachira, Trichur. Milk ring test was conducted on 115 individual samples of milk. The overall incidence of brucellosis in the buffalo population tested was 2.24 per cent. All the animals maintained in the organised farms gave a negative result to brucellosis. The possible methods of control and eradication of brucellosis in Kerala State were discussed.
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Clinical investigation on the seasonally occurring respiratory disease in goats
    (Department of Therapeutics, College of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Mannuthy, 1979) Joseph, C R; KAU; Aleyas, N M
    Incidence of a seasonally occurring respiratory disease problem in goats is on the increase in recent years. Review of available literature revealed paucity of adequate information on the clinico – therapeutic aspects of this condition. The present study was takenuup to throw more light on them. A total of 65 clinical cases of respiratory disorders admitted to the University Veterinary Hospitals, Mannuthy and Trichur and Veterinary Dispensary, Ollur during the period November 1978 to February, 1979 were studied, keeping 10 apparently healthy goats of All India Co – ordinated Research Project on Goats for Milk Production as control. The investigation included collection of data on the incidence, clinical examination, culture and sensitivity tests of nasal swab, haematological examination and therapeutic trials with suitable chemotherapeutic agents in clinical cases. The data collected from the records maintained in the Veterinary Hospitals, Mannuthy and Trichur showed a high incidence of this condition during the period November to February. The condition usually started as an upper respiratory tract affection and gradually spread to the lower respiratory organs. The important clinical signs noticed were anorexia, emaciation, easily induced frequent dry cough, mucopurlent nasal discharge, rise or normal temperature, increased pulse and respiratory rates, inspiratory dyspnoea, abnormal sounds on auscultation and fall in milk yield in lactating animals. In vitro antibiotic sensitivity tests and efficacy of treatments in clinical cases showed that chloramphenicol is the drug of choice, followed by nitrofurantoin. If the disease can be treated sufficiently early with suitable chemotherapeutic agents nearly 100 per cent cure is possible. Bacterial isolates from apparently healthy animals were Staphylococcus, Streptococcus, Corynebacterium, Pasteurella, Escherichia and citrobacter spp. While staphyclococcus, streptococcus, corynebacterium, pasteurella, Escherichia and klebsiella spp. Were isolated from diseased animals. Leukocytosis, neutrophilia, lymphopenia and normal eosinophil count with a reduction in total erythrocyte count, haemoglobin and packed cell volume were observed in diseased animals. Anaemic changes were noticed even after getting clinical cure. Fall in total leukocyte count and neutrophil percentage towards normal and a slight increase in lymphocyte percentage was noticed on the date of discharge. Significant leukopenia was evident in chloramphenicol, nitrofurantoin, streptomycin, erythromycin and ‘Proxymer’ treated groups while in chlortetracycline and kanamycin groups no change was noticed. Significant neutropenia was noticed in chloramphenicol, chlortetracycline, nitrofurantoin, kanamycin and erythromycin groups whereas the difference was not significant in streptomycin group. Significant lymphocytosis was observed in all the groups treated except erythromycin group.
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Growth,carcass characteristics and economics of rearing of indigenous and exotic pigs
    (Department of Animal Management, College of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Mannuthy, 1979) Saseendran, P C; KAU; Rajagopalan, T G
    In order to have a comparative knowledge of growth rate, carcass quality and economics of rearing of indigenous and exotic pigs under the same agro – climatic condition, this work has been carried out. Twelve indigenous and twelve exotic pigs of two months of age were equally divided into two groups and reared for a period of 155 days, on adlibitum feed and water. At the end of the experiment half of the pigs from each group were randomly selected, slaughtered and the carcass characteristics were studied. A significantly higher fortnightly gains was observed in exotic pigs than that of indigenous pigs (6.21 kg against 1.618 kg). Feed efficiency of indigenous pigs was inferior then that of exotic pigs (4.26 against 3.88). But feed efficiency of indigenous female was equal to that of exotic female (3.83) and better than that of exotic male (3.92). Dressing percentage of indigenous pigs exotic pigs were not significantly different (75.34 against 72.17). Back fat thickness observed were 1.53 cm and 2.03 cm in indigenous pigs and exotic pigs respectively. Loin eye area of indigenous and exotic pigs were significantly different (8.0 cm2and 25.25 cm2 respectively). Percentage of shoulder, middle and ham against cold carcass weight were 27.78, 33.27 and 25.08 respectively for indigenous pigs. The corresponding figures for exotic pigs were 28.25, 34.42 and 31.37 per cent respectively. The ham percentage was significantly lower (P < 0.01) in indigenous breed. Total cost of production per kilogram live weight was estimated to be very high in indigenous pigs than that of exotic pigs (Rs.10.52 against Rs.7.07). But when the feed cost alone is taken, the cost of production of indigenous stock was not much different from that of exotic stock (Rs.5.75 Vs. Rs.5.24).