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ThesisItem Open Access Analysis of animal husbandary information in the farm feature pages of leading malayalam dailies(Department of Extension, College of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Mannuthy, 2000) Sathumadhavan, T P; KAU; Subhadhra, M RStudy was a content analysis of animal husbandry information in farm . feature pages of four Malayalam dailies, namely Malayala Manorama, Mathrubhoorni,. Desabhimani and Deepika, for the period January to December 1999. Variables studied were space provided to different categories of animal husbandry news, modes of presentation, frequency of occurrence of news, seasonality, readability, relevancy and accuracy. Research findings revealed that the studied dailies provided less than one fourth space of farm feature pages for publishing animal husbandry information. Large animal category got more than 50 per cent coverage with three-fourth space occupied by articles on cows. Poultry articles occupied one-fourth space of animal husbandry information of farm feature pages. Where as small animals and pet animals occupied 17 per cent and seven per cent space respectively. News articles occupied maximum column length in all dailies studied. Frequency of occurrence of news articles, illustrations and question answers were found to be more when compared to other modes of presentation. Seasonality studies r.evealed that more than half the number of dairy articles and one eighth of poultry articles were seasonal. Average readability of dairy articles according to Fog index was 5.45 with more reading easiness. More than 50 per cent of dairy articles were found to be relevant. Just above two-third of scientific messages of dairy articles were accurate, whereas accuracy of general articles were found to be nearly 50 per cent.ThesisItem Open Access Training needs of farm women of Thrissur taluk in dairy and poultry farming(Department of Extension, College of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Mannuthy, 2004) Durga Rani, V; KAU; Subhadra, M RThe objectives of the study were to analyse the profile of farm women, to assess the training needs and to identify the problems of farm women engaged in dairy and poultry fanning. The data were collected through personal interviews using pre-tested schedule from 120 respondents selected from two development blocks of Thrissur Taluk by multistage sampling. Majority of the farm women were middle aged, married, of medium income group, had long years of fanning experience with small sized herd and medium flock size but had not attended any training in dairy and poultry farming. Their innovation proneness, economic motivation, risk orientation and credit orientation were found to be medium. Nearly half of them were high school educated. Half of the farm women were engaged in house hold work as well as agriculture and allied activities. More than half of them had low level of social participation and extension agency contact but had medium information source utilization and marketing orientation. Out of the five major farm operations' studied in dairy farming, the farm women needed training the most in housing. The minor items preferred the most for knowledge need were proper design of cattle shed, selection of breeds, compounding balanced feed using locally available ingredients, vaccination and banking and insurance. As for skill need, construction of scientific low cost cattle shed, selection of breeds, compounding balanced feed using locally available ingredients, symptoms of common diseases and banking and insurance were preferred the most. In poultry farming, feeding and management was the most preferred major farm operation. The minor items preferred the most for both knowledge and skill training were proper design of poultry shed, selection of eggs for hatching, compounding balanced feed using locally available ingredients, vaccination and banking and insurance. In dairy farming, problems in health care was perceived as the most serious one. Under major farm operations, the most serious problems were inadequate knowledge about scientific housing, repeat breeding in crossbreds, high cost of concentrates, reduction in milk yield due to diseases and low price of milk and milk products. In poultry fanning, farm women perceived problems in feeding and management as the most serious one. Under major farm operations, the most serious problems were inadequate knowledge about low cost scientific cage construction, low hatchability of eggs in summer, problems of predators, losses due to bacterial and viral diseases and financial difficulties.ThesisItem Open Access Awareness and participation of livestock owners of Thrissur district in panchayathi raj institutions(Department of Extension, College of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Mannuthy, 2005) Anu George; KAU; Rajkamal, P JAwareness, attitude and participation of livestock owners regarding Panchayati Raj were studied. The background characteristics such as socio-economic and socio-psychological were almost uniform, and reflected the general picture of livestock farmers of the state. Generally, the awareness of Panchayati Raj, attitude towards Panchayati Raj and level of participation in PRIs were all less than satisfactory. Even so, SHG- members and non-members differed significantly on all account. For instance, SHG-members had significantly higher levels of awareness, a more favourable attitude and better levels of participation. As in any system, certain crucial constraints to participation upon which there was consensus among the livestock owners studied, were also reported. In the interest of a sound and firm Panchayati Raj system, which is the hope of many poor people, especially the livestock owners, the situation must improve for the better.ThesisItem Open Access Perception of empowerment by the members of women self-help groups in goat farming in Thrissur district(Department of Extension, College of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Mannuthy, 2005) Kavitha, V; KAU; Jiji, R SThe objectives of the study were to analyse the members’ perception of empowerment through participation in women SHGs, to explore the members’ perception of effectiveness of functioning of their own groups and to analyse the opportunities and threats associated with empowerment through microfinance in goat farming as perceived by the members. Among the members of SHGs engaged in goat farming for atleast one year, operating under Kudumbashree in Thrissur district, 150 members were selected through proportionate stratified random sampling. The data were collected through structured questionnaire and interviews. Three-fourth of the respondents had medium knowledge of goat farming and almost two-third had highly favourable attitude towards group activity. As for the members’ perception of empowerment, more than half of the respondents were in the medium category. The respondents had the strongest perception of being empowered in the psychological aspects. About the members’ perception of effectiveness of group functioning, more than three-fourth of the respondents fell in the medium category. The functioning of the group in terms of quality of official procedures was perceived as most effective by the members. Opportunity to earn income was perceived by more than half of the respondents, whereas, lack of cooperation from family members was perceived as the most serious threat. Intercorrelations of perception of empowerment, perception of effectiveness of group functioning, knowledge of goat farming and attitude towards group activity were worked out using Kendall’s tau-b rank order correlation. Significant positive correlation was observed between perception of effectiveness of group functioning and attitude towards group activity. The members’ perception of empowerment had significant negative correlation with their knowledge of goat farming. A significant negative relationship was found between the members’ perception of empowerment and the herd size of goats maintained by them. The perception of empowerment of the respondents having previous training exposure was higher than those with no training exposure. Also, the perception of empowerment of the illiterate members was higher than that of literate members.ThesisItem Open Access Training needs of pig famers of Thrissur district(Department of Extension, College of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Mannuthy, 2003) Anup, R; KAU; Subhadra, M RThe objective of the study was to identify the profile and training needs of pig farmers of Thrissur district. The study was conducted in five panchayaths having highest pig population. A proportionate random sample of 60 pig farmers was selected for the study. The datawere collected by interview method using a structured schedule. The study revealed that majority of the pig farmers were middle aged, Christians, middle school educated, 1 -5 years experience in pig farming and not undergone any training. They were mainly marginal farmers having less than 1 hectare of land holding and of medium income group. Most of the pig sties were located in the homestead, and hotel or butchery waste feeding was given to the pigs. It was also noted that exotic breeds were reared by them, and pig farmers depended on other farmers for information about pig farming. Most of them had medium risk preference, innovation proneness, marketing orientation 'and high economic motivation. Diseases and prevention was most preferred major subject matter area for training for both the knowledge and skill aspects among the eight studied. This was followed by housing, breeding, feeding, management, integrated farming, marketing and economic of pig farming. Under the eight major domains studied, the minor farm operations preferred by the respondents for training were deworming, vaccination, scientific construction ef cage, exotic breeds, selection of animals for breeding, unconventional feeds for pigs, swill feeding, disposal of excreta and waste materials, mixed farming, marketing and loan for pig farming The pig farmers preferred training through print media and electronic media. For the 'institutional training they preferred training of one day duration. According to them farm visit was the best method of training where as the Veterinary College was the most preferred venue of training.ThesisItem Open Access Analysis of the training needs of veterinary surgeons of Kerala for continuing veterinary education(Department of Extension, College of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Mannuthy, 2001) Sakthivel, K M; KAU; Rajkamal, P JThe objective of the study was to identify the training needs of veterinary surgeons of Kerala for continuing veterinary education. The data were collected from 130 veterinary surgeons of the Animal Husbandry Department of Kerala. Questionnaires were used for data collection. The training need was not seen dependent on any of the socio-personal characteristics of the respondents, viz., age, sex, marital status, type of family, educational qualification, professional experience, number of children, age of the youngest child, location of residence, distance to work place, number of seminars, symposiums etc., attended, number of professional journals read, number of periodicals read and number of trainings attended. Zoo and wild life was the most preferred general subject matter domain for training among the nine studied. This was followed by information technology, medicine, surgery, extension, livestock products technology, obstetrics and gynaecology, professional management and animal production in the descending order of preference. The most preferred specific subject matter areas were management of domesticated elephants, using computer in office, modern diagnostic procedures, small animal surgery, modern extension teaching methods, quality assurance of meat and meat products, embryo transfer technology, service rules and regulations and breeding and management of pet animals. The training programmes being organised by the various organisations such as KAU, IMG, KLDB, IVRI and CVE programmes proposed by Veterinary Council of India were found to be either highly relevant or relevant and hence these programmes might form part of eVE programme. The findings of task analysis pertaining to veterinary practice indicated the importance of incorporating in the training curriculum both the theoretical and practical aspects of management of mastitis, administration of medicines, clinical examination of animals, udder and teat surgery, post operative care, treatment of fracture, artificial insemination in cattle, handling of frozen semen, pregnancy diagnosis in cattle, maintenance of laboratory equipments, . faecal examination and examination of milk samples. The study further indicated the strategies to be adopted In organising the CVE programmes. An institutional mode of training was preferred to either distance learning or a combination of both in the case of major domains viz., veterinary science, animal production, live stock products technology, zoo and wild life, and information technology whereas distance learning was the preference In the case of extension and professional management. Trainers from outside the parent organisation were preferred while organising training programmes. The venue of training preferred was institutes within the state in the case of short-term training and those outside the state in the case of long-term training. The preferred periodicity of a short-term training was a year or less than a year while that for a long-term training was more than a year. The preferred duration of a short term training leading to a certificate was 15 days and that leading to a diploma was 90 days.ThesisItem Open Access Profile of elephant keepers and owners of Thrissur and Palakkad districts(Department of Extension, College of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Mannuthy, 2001) Rajeev, T S; KAU; Rajkamal, P JSummary, etc. The present study was on the profile of elephant keepers and owners of Thrissur and Palakkad districts of Kerala. In all 50 elephant owners and 50 each of first and second mahouts were studied. The socio-economic profile of the elephant owners as well as the mahouts indicated that these categories were representing distinct socio-economic strata of society. While the owners were socio-economically better of the mahouts were not so and were illiterates. Majority of elephant owners as well as the mahouts had only either medium or low knowledge of elephant management. When owners' had more knowledge of disease management in comparison to other management domains, the mahouts had more knowledge of ha mess practices. For both owners as well as mahouts the knowledge of general management which included scientific feeding practices, among other practices, was one low. Further majority of the first mahouts were either medium or low adopters of scientific management practices. Age and experience, in general, were found to be important in the acquisition of knowledge as well as adoption of scientific practices. Further, knowledge of scientific management and its adoption were correlated. Information on some of the least known practices to the owners and mahouts revealed the chances of meting out hardship to the elephants unknowingly. Among the owners, first and second mahouts, training need of second mahouts was relatively more than that of first mahouts and their training need was more than that of owners. Only through a proper knowledge of the scientific practices and practicing of the same that the welfare of the captive elephants can be assured. Therefore, intensive efforts are required to formally train the elephant owners and mahouts. Appropriate training programmes can motivate the owners and mahouts to look after their elephants better thereby assuring their welfare.