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1994 - 19972
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Subject: Preventive Veterinary Medicine and Epidemiology × End date: 1998 × Start date: 1990 ×
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Modified intra-dermal test for the diagnosis of paratuberculosis in goats
    (Department of Preventive Medicine, College of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Mannuthy, 1994) Vinod Kumar, K; KAU; Saseedraranath, M R
    Efficacy of single intra – dermal Johnin test was compared against two modified intra – dermal Johnin tests for diagnosis of paratuberculosis in goats. One hundred and fifty adult goats were divided at random into three groups and each group was subjected to one of the intra - dermal tests. Group 1 being the single johnin intra – dermal (SID) Johnin test whereas in group 11 (modified intra – dermal test – MID – 1) and group 111 (modified intra – dermal test – MID – 11). The second injections were given after third and fifth days of first injection. Six animals giving positive results and two animals giving negative results were slaughtered from each group and confirmation of infection was ascertained by histopathology. Fecal samples and rectal pinch from all the animals were subjected to zeihl – Neelsen’s acid – fast staining for detection for M. paratuberculosis. Serum magnesium levels of all test positive animals and an equal number of test – negative animals from each group were compared. After 24 h MID – 1 was found to be superior to both SID and MID – 11 tests. The MID – 1 test had higher specificity (66.6 per cent against 58.33 per cent in SID and 40 per cent in MID – 11) and predictive value of positive results (83.3 against 55.5 in SID and 50 per cent in MID – 11). The MID – 1 and MID – 11 tests had 100 per cent sensitivity and predictive value of negative results as against 50 per cent and 33.3 per cent of SID. Examination of fecal sample and rectal pinch was found to be of little value in the diagnosis of early paratuberculosis in goats. Serum magnesium levels between test positive and test negative animals was found to be not significantly different in all three groups. The results of the present study indicate that MID – 1 test could be used as an efficient diagnostic test for detection of paratuberculosis among goats.
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Prevalence of leptospirosis among dogs in Thrissur
    (Department of Preventive Medicine ,College of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Mannuthy, 1997) Indu, S; KAU; Saseendranath, M R
    The seroprevalence of leptospirosis in one hundred and fifty dogs from different parts of Thrissur including 138 dogs presented to the Hospital and twelve stray dogs were studied by microscopic agglutination test. Among the 150 dogs, 49 (32.67 per cent) were seropositive to Leptospira serovars pomona (53.06 per cent), canicola (32.65 per cent) and icterohaemorrhagiae (14.28 per cent) 83.33 per cent of the stray dogs were seroreacative with agglutinins to L. serovars pomona (90 per cent) and L. canicola (10 per cent) . Seroprevalence recorded was higher age wise among young dogs, upto three years of age, among the male dogs and among non-descript and German Shepherd dogs. Monthwise prevalence was higher during June, May and December. DFM examination were carried out on blood samples from 23 suspicious cases of leptospirosis and 12 stray dogs, and on urine sample from eight suspected cases. Leptospiraemia was detected in two clinical cases (C 261 and C 11556) and from two stray dogs (S-6 and S-10) Urine sampies were negative for leptospires or DFM. Culture and isolation were tried with blood sample from 23 suspected cases of leptospirosis and from 12 stray dogs, urine sample from eight suspected cases of leptospirosis and kidney tissue from six sacrificed stray dogs. Of these, blood sample from stray dog 8-6 showed evidence of growth in the medium, but leptospires could not be isolated. The culture medium with kidney tissue from stray dog 8-6 revealed the presence/growth of leptospires on DFM examination. But isolation of leptospires from amongst the contaminants was not possible on further subculture, millipore filtration or guinea pig inoculation. Haematological findings in the seropositive dogs were monocytosis which was highly significant, non- significant i~crease in the mean values of E8R, total leucocyte count and absolute neutrophil count. A slight increase in the mean PCV, absolute lymphocyte and eosinophil count were recorded. Mean haemoglobin level was slightly lower in the seropositive dogs, compared to the seronegative dogs. On biochemical analysis, significant increase (PsO.05) in creatinine level was recorded in the seropositive dogs. There was increase in the mean total bilirubin, albumin and albumin-globulin ratio in the seropositive dogs, but it was non-significant. Mean serum total protein, globulin, serum ALT values were lower in the seropositive group compared to those of the seronegative group.