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ThesisItem Open Access Developing Indigenous weaning food based on Ragi flour(College of Rural Home Science, Vellayani, 1987) Jessy Philip; KAU; Prema, LA study was conducted to develop a weaning food based on ragi flour which is nutritious,low cost and acceptable The ragi flour was supplemented with green gram,sesame, tapioca and skim milk powder to improve the nutritive value. Based on the nutritive value and chemical score, six combinations of weaning formulae were developed. Protein quality of the weaning formulae assessed through animal experiments reveal that the weaning formulae which contains ragi, green gram, sesame, tapioca and skim milk powder in the ratio3:2:1.5:2:1.5 gave significantly better values for all the criteria. The acceptability of the weaning formulae was assessed by the panel members, mothers and children. The results of the study indicate that the bland porridge prepared with the weaning formulae was acceptable. The bland porridge was deficient in calories, vitamin A and iron. Other food ingredients were added to make.up these deficiencies and. two recipes were standardised. The recipes were also found to be acceptable by the panel members and children.ThesisItem Open Access Influence of nutritional status on intelligence of children in nes block Trivandrum(Department of Home Science, College of Agriculture, Vellayani, 1989) Sandya, Kamath V; KAU; Prema, LA study was conducted to find the influence of nutritional status on the intelligence of children of various age groups (3 years to 15 years) from different schools that come under NES block, Trivandrum Rural. A survey was conducted to assess socio-economic status and dietary pattern of the families. The nutritional status of the children was assessed by anthropometric, clinical and biochemical techniques. Information regarding health and behavioural problems at home were also collected. An assessment of the children by the respective class teacher was also included to throw light on the child’s intellectual, social and behavioural pattern at school. An intelligence test (Mathew test of Mental Abilities) was administered to assess the intelligence of the selected children and the results were analysed statistically. The results of the study indicated that no special attention was given in the diets of the children and the diet on an average was found deficient in iron and vitamin A. Almost all infectious diseases and behavioural problems like nail biting , bed wetting, thumb sucking were very common among these children. An analysis of anthropometric data revealed that height in proportion to age was nearly equal to standards prescribed while weight for age was slightly less. Clinical and biochemical studies revealed that all the preschool children and 85 percent of female children of high school level were anaemic. The results of the above study has proved that the intelligence of children was influenced by nutritional as well as non- nutritional factors. Major non-nutritional factors identified were educational level of parents, family size and type and socio – economic status of the family.ThesisItem Open Access Nutritional profile of kanikkar women in Amboori area(Department of Home Science, College of Agriculture, Vellayani, 1989) Felsy, Thomas; KAU; Prema, LA study to assess the nutritional profile of Kanikkar women in Amboori area was conducted through ecological, socio-economic and food consumption survey, anthropometric, clinical and biochemical assessment and through time and motion studies. The results of the survey conducted in eight Kanikkar hamlets which comprise 177 families depicted that all the families are of Hindu faith, with an average family size of four. Majority of the families are of nuclear type with equal literacy level among men and women. 65 per cent of the families surveyed are below the poverty line. 85 percent of the tribal families spend more than 80 percent of their income on food. Among food articles the major expenditure is towards the purchase of cereals, followed by fish and oil seeds (coconut). Tapioca which is the most popular food is completely home produced. Their culinary practices are similar to those adopted by the rural families residing around and elsewhere in the state. Only 50 percent of the tribal families surveyed are in the habit of preserving foods. Three meal-a-day system is adopted by them. The weighment survey revealed that the diets of the women are quantitatively inadequate in all food groups except roots and tubers, fish and other vegetables (with seasonal variations). The average consumption of cereals range from 75g to 95g per day. Pulses, milk, milk products and meat are lacking in their diets. They compensated for their lesser intake of cereals with an excess intake of roots and tubers (tapioca) fish and other vegetables. In general the diets of the Kanikkar women are deficient in all nutrients except vitamin C. No special food is prepared in the tribal homes for the infants. They follow food restrictions during illness and certain foods are given or with held by them for girls at menarch and for women in the post - delivery period. Alcoholism, betel chewing and smoking are common among them. An attitude survey among the women to test their knowledge about food and nutrition revealed that they are not aware of persons requiring special feeding in a family or effect of food on the body. Anthropometric data of the tribal women revealed gross inadequacy in the weight for–height-for-age profile. Estimations of haemoglobin level showed that 60percent of the women tested are anemic, in addition vitamin A deficiency (30percent) and niacin deficiency (10 percent) have also been noted. Time and motion studies showed that the tribal house wife spend maximum time for agricultural activities, cooking and going to the market and minimum time for personal and child care. The size of the family, number of acres of land possessed by the family and number of adult women in the family have no significant effect on time utilization pattern of the house-wife.