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2007 - 20082
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Subject: Floriculture and Landscaping × Author: KAU × End date: 2009 × Start date: 2007 × Type: Thesis ×
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Evaluation of monopodial orchids for cut flower
    (Department of Pomology and Floriculture, College Horticulture, Vellanikkara, 2007) Kaveriamma, M M; KAU; Geetha, C K
    The investigation on the evaluation of monopodial orchids was conducted in the Department of Pomology and Floriculture, College of Horticulture, Vellanikkara during 2005-.2006 with the main objective of evaluating their field performance for commercial exploitation. Forty monopodial orchids belonging to monogenenc, bigeneric and trigeneric origin were selected for the study. They were evaluated for their height, spread, shoot characters (length, girth), leaf characters (length, breadth, area, interval of production, leaf sheath length, breadth), aerial root characters (number, length, breadth), floral characters (spike emergence to opening of florets, length, girth and longevity of spike, interval of production, annual production of spikes, number of florets/spike, individual flowe r life, flower size, blooming period under field conditions. They exhibited wide variation in both vegetative and floral characters. The orchid varieties were grouped as tall climbing, intermediate climbing and short-stemmed epiphytes. Among the tall climbing orchids, maximum increase in height was observed in Arachnis Maggie Oei Red Ribbon and minimum in Aeridachnis Apple Blossom. Shoot girth, leaf length and leaf area were maximum in Holttumara Bright Eye while minimum girth was recorded in Vanda John Club. Vanda Prolific had the maximum internodal length. Maximum numbers of leaves was recorded in Renanthera Manila and roots in Vandc. John Club and Renanthera Cape Sabel. Interval of leaf production and root length were maximum in Aranthera Mana Meina while interval of leaf production was minimum in Arachnis Maggie Oei Yellow Ribbon. Duration from spike emergence to opening of florets was maximum in Arachnis Maggie Oei Red Ribbon (first and fifty per cent florets) and Aranthera Lily Brook Red (complete opening of florets) and minimum in Holttumara Bright Eye. Spike characters like spike length, rachis length, stalk length, spike girth, days taken from opening to wilting of first floret and spike longevity were maximum in Aranthera Lily Brook Red, while stalk length and internodal length was maximum Aeridachnis Apple Blossom and Aracl nis Maggie Yellow Ribbon respectively. Floral characters like number of florets per spi.ce and individual flower life were maximum in Aranthera Lily Brook Red, pedicel length in Vanda Mandai Glow and individual flower size in Aranthera Mana Meina and Arachnis Maggie Oei Red Ribbon. Interval of spike production was minimum in Aranthera Anne Black and maximum in Renanthera Manila. Aranda Deborah produced maximum number of spikes per year followed by Arachnis Maggie Oei Red Ribbon, and Aranthera Anne Black. Among intermediate climbing epiphytes, Mokara Sayan x Kultana Gold recorded maximum increase in height, shoot girth, leaf width and internodal length whereas it recorded the least interval of leaf production. Ascocenda Raminder Gold x Fortune East recor ed the maximum leaf area and Mokara Bangkok Gold, the minimum. The internodal length recorded in Vascostylis Pine Rivers Pink was minimum followed by Vascostylis Pine Rivers Blue and Red. Mokara WaIter Oumae Yellow recorded maximum and Vanda JVB x Ascocenda YSW, the minimum duration from spike emergence to opening of first floret while Mokara WaIter Oumae White, the maximum for opening of all florets and Ascocenda Rami) der Gold x Fortune East, the minimum. Spike characters like spike length, stalk length, spike girth and internodal length were maximum in Mokara Sayan x KuItana Gold while duration from opening to wilting of first floret, rachis length and spike longevity were maximum in Mokara Waiter Oumae White. Interval of spike production was n.aximum in Mokara Sayan x Kultana Gold and minimum in Vascostylis Pine Rivers Red. Annual spike production was maximum in Mokara Calypso Pink closely followed by Vascostylis Pine Rivers Red and Ascocenda Princess Mikasa Pink. Short-stemmed varieties exhibited a slow rate of growth. Phalaenopsis Hwafeng Red . '8wel recorded maximum leaf area, Phalaenopsis (Pinlong Spring x Taisuco Koch,' ian) x Phalaenopsis (Miami Sunrise x Tiny Ivory), the minimum. Duration from spike emergence to opening of all florets and spike characters like length, stalk length, internodal Iength were maximum in Phalae nopsis Diana Pink and rachis length and spike longevity in Phalaenopsis Hwafeng Red Jewel. Phalaenopsis Memoria Grand Mother had maximum number of florets per spike. Flower size was maximum in Phalaenopsis Taisuco Kochdian x Akatsuka Noon, pedicel length in Phalaenopsis Diana Pink and indivi lual flower life in Phalaenopsis Taipei Gold. All the Phalaenopsis hybrids produced spikes at an interval close to a year except Phalaenopsis Taisuco Kochdian x Akatsuka Noon. The qualitative characters of the monopodial orchid varieties differed in all aspects and a wide range of vegetative and floral characters could be observed. They also differed with regard to flowering; being free flowering, with short dearth periods or seasonal flowering. Considering the qualitative and quantitative characters, among tall climbing orchic.s, Aranthera Anne Black, Aranthera Lily Brook Red, Aranda Deborah, Aeridachnis Apple Blossom and Arachnis Maggie Oei Red Ribbon has Immense potential for use as cut flower together with the intermediate climbing types, viz., Mokara Chark Kuan Pink, Mokara Walter Oumae White and Mokara Calypso Pink. Phalaenopsis Taisuco Kochdian x Akatsuka Noon, a short stemmed epiphyte would be an excellent choice. The performance projected short-stemmed Phalaenopsis hybrids the best as pot plants Intermediate climbing epiphyte, viz., Ascocenda Princess Mikasa Pink, Vascostylis varietr e s and Vanda JVB x Ascocenda Yip Sum Wah would also make excellent pot plants.
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Performance evaluation of anthurium (anthurium andreanum linden) under two climatic regimes
    (College of Horticulture, Vellanikkara, 2008) Gayathri, M N; KAU; Rajeevan, P K
    Investigations on the “Performance evaluation of anthurium (Anthurium andreanum Lind) under two climate regimes” were conducted at the Department of Pomology and Floriculture, College of Horticulture, Kerala Agricultural University, Vellanikkara, Trichur district and at the Orange and Vegetable Farm, Department of Agriculture, Nelliampathy, Palakkad district. The objectives of the experiment were to compare the growth, flower yield and quality of selected cut flower and pot plant varieties at two agro climatic locations and to recommend suitable varieties for the anthurium growing tracts of Kerala. Ten, each, of the globally important cut flower and pot plant varieties of anthurium were chosen. They were grown under suitably designed greenhouses at both the locations. Observations were recorded on the vegetative and floral characters as well as post harvest behaviour of the flowers and foliage. Weather parameters were recorded daily, both inside and outside the growing structures. Results of the studies showed that, among cut flowers, at Vellanikkara, plant height, leaf breadth and leaf area were the highest in the variety Aymara. Leaf length was the highest in Caesar. Highest leaf longevity was recorded for Chichas and lowest leaf production interval for Lucia. At Nelliampathy, plant height, leaf length and leaf area were the highest in Salasaga. Leaf breadth and petiole length were the highest in Esmeralda. Highest leaf number and longevity were in Aymara and lowest leaf production interval was in Lucia. Differences between the locations were significant for plant height, leaf length, leaf breadth, leaf area, petiole length and leaf longevity. All these values were higher at Nelliampathy. Among pot plants, at Vellanikkara, plant height and leaf area were the highest in variety Condor. Leaf length was highest in Trampolino. Inti recorded maximum number of leaves and leaf longevity. Highest petiole length was recorded in Pumasillo. Lowest leaf production interval was in Mia. At Nelliampathy, plant height, leaf length, leaf breadth, leaf area and petiole length were the highest in Mia. Lowest leaf production interval was in Condor. Bonina recorded maximum number of leaves and leaf longevity. Difference between the locations was significant for number of leaves, leaf breadth, leaf area and petiole length. All these values were higher at Nelliampathy. Among cut flower varieties, Esmeralda, Titicaca, Salasaga, Aymara, Akapana and Jewel produced cut foliage of acceptable quality. Among pot plant varieties Patino, Pumasillo and Trampolino were superior. Time taken for flowering was significantly lesser at Vellanikkara. It was the lowest in the cut flower variety Lucia, at Vellanikkara. Caesar was the earliest to flower at Nelliampathy. Among pot plants, Condor was the earliest to flower at Vellanikkara as well as at Nelliampathy. The duration was significantly lesser at Vellanikkara. Varieties and locations differed significantly with respect to floral parameters also. Among cut flowers, at Vellanikkara, peduncle length, spathe length and spathe breadth were the highest in Titicaca. Spike longevity was the highest in Esmeralda. Lowest flower production interval was in Chichas. At Nelliampathy, peduncle length, spathe breadth and spike longevity were the highest in Caesar. Maximum spathe length and lowest flower production interval were in Esmeralda. Differences between the locations were significant for peduncle length and spathe breadth. These values were higher at Nelliampathy. Among pot plants, at Vellanikkara, peduncle length was the highest in Mia. Spike longevity was the highest in Bonina. Spathe length was the highest in Trampolino and breadth in Excellent. Lowest flower production interval was in Diablada. At Nelliampathy, peduncle length was the highest in Mia. Highest spathe length and spathe breadth were in Condor. Spike longevity was the highest in Bonina and lowest flower production interval was in Diablada. Differences between the locations were significant for peduncle length, spathe length, spathe breadth and spadix length. These values were higher at Nelliampathy. Angle of orientation of spathe was highest in Titicaca among cut flowers, at Vellanikkara. At Nelliampathy, Esmeralda was the topper. Among pot plants, the highest angle was recorded in Inti and Pumasillo, at Vellanikkara and Nelliampathy, respectively. Angle of orientation of spadix was lowest in Titicaca among cut flowers at Vellanikkara. At Nelliampathy, variety Aymara was the lowest. Among pot plants the lowest angle was recorded in Inti and Patino at Vellanikkara and Nelliampathy respectively. At Vellanikkara, among cut flowers, maximum number of days for loss of glossiness was recorded in Esmeralda. Days for spathe necrosis and spadix necrosis were the highest in Benicito. At Nelliampathy, maximum number of days for loss of glossiness was in Esmeralda. Days for spathe necrosis and spadix necrosis were the highest in Benicito. Among pot plants, at Vellanikkara, maximum number of days for loss of glossiness was in Diablada. Days for spathe necrosis and spadix necrosis were the highest in Pumasillo and Coralis, respectively. At Nelliampathy, maximum number of days for loss of glossiness was recorded in Diablada. Number of days for spathe necrosis and spadix necrosis were the highest in Excellent. Among cut flowers, maximum temperature was significantly and positively correlated with plant height in Akapana and Jewel and with number of leaves in Salsaga and Akapana. Among pot plants, maximum temperature was significantly and positively correlated with plant height, petiole length and leaf length in Diablada and Inti; with leaf breadth in Inti, Pumasillo and Trampolino and with leaf area in Inti. Among cut flowers, relative humidity was significantly and negatively correlated with plant height in Akapana and Jewel; with petiole length in Akapana and with number of leaves in Salsaga, Caesar and Akapana. In all other cases, correlation was not significant.