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Subject: Animal Genetics and Breeding × End date: 2006 × Start date: 2006 × Type: Thesis × Thesis Type: M.V.Sc. ×
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Polymorphism of ovine fecundity gene linked microsatellite markers in malabari goats
    (Department of Animal Breeding and Genetics, College of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Mannuthy, 2006) Seena, T X; KAU; Raghavan, K C
    The objective of the present study was to explore the polymorphism of ovine fecundity gene linked microsatellite markers in Malabari goats. Malabari goats are one of the most prolific breeds in India. The microsatellite markers OarAE101, BMS2508 and BM1329 linked to the Booroola gene (FecB) and the microsatellite markers TGLA54 and TGLA68 linked to Inverdale (FecX1) gene in sheep were selected for the study. The DNA samples from 120 Malabari goats which had given birth to singles, twins, triplets and quadruplets in the second and subsequent parities were utilized for the study. DNA was isolated by phenol chloroform extraction procedure with some modifications. The DNA samples were amplified by PCR using the radioactively labeled microsatellite primers. The amplified products were resolved by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis followed by autoradiography. The genotypes of animals were determined for each microsatellite loci by comparing the sizes of alleles with M13 phage DNA sequencing ladder. The microsatellite markers OarAE101, BMS2508 and TGLA54 were found to be monomorphic in the population under study. The microsatellite markers BM1329 and TGLA68 were found to be highly polymorphic in Malabari goats. A total of 15 alleles with 167-195 bp for the locus BM1329 and 8 alleles with a size range of 98-114 bp were observed for the locus TGLA68. The total number of genotypes observed was 34 for BM1329 locus and 12 for TGLA68 locus. Heterozygosity of 0.8660 for the locus BM1329 and 0.8024 for the locus TGLA68 were observed. The polymorphic information content (PIC) computed was 0.8526 and 0.7823 for the loci BM1329 and TGLA68 respectively. A significant difference in the alleles 181bp and 191 bp (P≤0.01) and the alleles 179 bp and 185 bp (P≤0.05) and the genotype 177/191 (P≤0.01) for the locus BM1329 were found in different types of births. The genotype 175/185 of the microsatellite marker BM1329 was found to be significantly related to a higher litter size when compared to the mean litter size of the population in Malabari goats (P≤0.01). The allele 104 bp of the locus TGLA68 was found to be significantly different in different types of births (P≤0.01). The highest frequency (0.4545) was observed in triplets followed by twins (0.2177) and singles (0.1847). The genotype 104/106 was found to be significantly different in different types of birth with triplets having a frequency of (0.4545), followed by singles (0.1087) and twins (0.0333). The season of birth had no significant effect on the type of birth and number of kidding in Malabari goats. Identification and selection of individuals that carry the alleles and genotypes associated with high prolificacy is possible in Malabari goats based on the above result. So new breeding strategies involving selection for high prolificacy can maximize the net profit of farmers. This study has brought to light important information improving the reproductive performance of Malabari goats by marker assisted selection.
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Microsatallite marker based characterization of indigenous pigs of Kerala
    (Department of Animal Breeding and Genetics, College of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Mannuthy, 2006) Ariprasath, K; KAU; Usha, A P
    The study was undertaken to assess the genetic diversity among four indigenous pig population of Kerala using microsatellite markers. The animals were selected from various part of Kerala, population I included the conserved Angamali pigs from university farm, Mannuthy, population II consisted of animals from Koothattukualm, population III were the animals from Ollur and animals from border districts of Kerala formed the population IV. Genetic analysis was carried out using five polymorphic microsatellite markers. Blood samples were collected from 100 unrelated indigenous pigs from all four populations and DNA was isolated. The phenol-chloroform method of extraction yielded 224.35±9.86µg/5ml of blood. PCR conditions were standardized for all five selected markers namely, S0005, S0101, SW1026, SW2517 and S0008. The forward primer of each marker was endlabelled with γ32 P-ATP as source of radio signal. The M13 single strand DNA was sequenced and used as a size standard. Autoradiography was employed to visualize the results. A total of eight alleles were detected in S0005 and S0101, five alleles in each of SW1026 and S0008, and six in SW2517. The heterozygosity varied from 0.7747 in SW2517 to as large as 0.8475 for S0005. The heterozygosity values for S0101, SW1026 and S0008 were 0.7774, 0.7672, and 0.7424 respectively. The PIC values ranges from 0.6974 for S0008 to 0.8291 for S0005. The PIC values for S0101, SW1026 and SW2517 were 0.7483, 0.7284 and 0.7381 respectively. The allele frequencies were used to estimate the Nei’s standard genetic distance among the populations. The distance measure ranged from 0.5704 to 0.7161, with the highest value noticed between population II and IV and the lowest between population I and III. A dendrogram was constructed using the POPGENE version 3.2 program which grouped the population I and IV in one cluster and II and III populations in another cluster.