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ThesisItem Open Access Shade response of common rainfed intercrops of coconut(Department of Agronomy, College of Horticulture, Vellanikkara, 1981) Lalitha Bai, E K; KAU; Vikraman, RAn experiment was conducted at the College of Horticulture, Vellanikkara during 1980-81 to study the shade response of five common rainfed intercrop of coconut garden. The experiment was laid out in randomised block design with four levels of shade and five replications. The study revealed that sweet potato cannot be cultivated under shade as it is a ‘shade –sensitive’ crop,while coleus is suitable only where light infiltration is high. Colocasia, turmeric and ginger were found suitable for intercropped situations. Colocasia appears to be shade – tolerant while ginger and turmeric are indicated as ; shade – loving’. These two shade – loving crops are best suited under shaded situations up to 25 and 50 per cent shade, respectively . Photosynthetic mechanism appears to have a decisive role on the shade response of all these crops expecting sweet potato. Excepting colocasia, plant height (length of vine) in all the crops increased with increasing shade intensities. Number of branches (tillers) in all the crops significantly decreased with increasing intensities of shade. The content of total chlorophyll and its components were significantly influenced by shading in all the crop. The contents of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium in all the plant components of all crops increased because of shading. The uptake of all the nutrients followed an identical pattern as that of dry matter accumulation in all the crops.ThesisItem Open Access Effect of shade and moisture regimes on the growth of cocoa seedlings(Department of Agronomy, College of Horticulture, Vellanikkara, 1981) Gopinathan, R; KAU; Vikraman Nair, RAn experiment was conducted at the College of Horticulture, Vellanikkara during 1979-80 on the effect of shade and moisture regimes on the growth of cocoa Theobroma cacao L.) seedlings. The investigations were carried out to arrive at the optimum shade and moisture requirement for the growth of cocoa seedlings. The experiment was laid out in a completely randomised design with four levels of shade and three levels of moisture with four replications. The study revealed that cocoa seedlings must be shaded and well watered for their better growth. 50 – 55% shade and irrigation at 75% available moisture was found best. Death of all the seedlings in the open by the third month of observation stresses that, cocoa seedlings cannot be grown without any shade irrespective of the frequency of irrigation. Expect net assimilation rate (NAR) and leaf area ratio (LAR) all the growth characters were increasing with increasing shade (up to 50 – 55%) and increasing frequencies of irrigation.ThesisItem Open Access Seed production of potential Stylosanthes gracilis(Department of Agronomy, College of Agriculture, Vellayani, 1981) Lekha Sreekantan; Madhavan Nair, K PFactorial experiment in Randomised Block Design with three replications was conducted in the College of Agriculture, Vellayani to study the effect of levels and methods of phosphorus application and number of cuts of green fodder taken, on the seed production potential of Stylosanthes gracilis. The phosphorus treatments were 40, 80 and 120 kg P2O5/ha as soil applications, 40 kg P2O5/ha as soil application + 40 kgP2O5/ha foliar and 80 kg P2O5/ha soil application+ 40 kg P2O5/ha foliar. The cutting treatments were two, three or four cuts. Increasing the level of soil applied phosphorus significantly increased height, spread, leaf stem ratio, nodular weight and number, greenmatter and drymatter yields in each cut and the cumulative greenmatter and drymatter yields.ThesisItem Open Access Nitrogen econony through incorporation of Azolla in rice(Department of Agronomy, College of Agriculture, Vellayani, 1981) Jaikumaran, U; KAU; Sreedharan, CAn experiment was conducted at tho Agronomic Research Station, Chalakudy, during the first and second crop seasons of 1979-80. The effect of basal incorporation of Azolla on growth end yield of rice was investigated in order to assess the caving of nitrogen end evaluate Azolla as an alternate cheap course of R for rice crop. The treatments comprising different levels of recommended does of 17 (0, 50, 75 and 100 per cent of 90 kg N/ha) either alone or in combination with Azolla (5 t/h a) and 100 N with form yard manure (5 t/ha), were replicated thrice and laid out in. The Randomised Block DesignThesisItem Open Access Response of ragi (Eleusine coracana Gaertn,) to different levels of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium under rainfed conditions(Department of Agronomy, College of Agriculture, Vellayani, 1981) Johnkutty, I; KAU; Chandrasekharan, PAn experiment was conducted at the Rice Research Station, Pattambi during the Kharif season of 1979“30 to study the effect of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium on growth, yield and quality of ragi (Elausine coraoana Gaertn.), Three levels each of nitrogen (30, 60 and 90 kg/ha), phosphorus (20, 40 end 60 kg K2O/ha) and potash (20, 40 and 60 kg K^O/ha) have been tried. The trial was laid out as partially confounded factorial experiment with two replications. The study revealed that nitrogen had significant influence on plant height, number of tillers, functional leaves at flowering and dry matter both at flowering and harvest. Phosphorus influenced the productIon of tillers and dry matter at harvest. Potash significantly increased the plant height on 71at day after planting and at harvest Potash did not evoke any response on any other growth character at any stage.ThesisItem Open Access Response of groundnut (Arashis hypogaea (L.) to phosphorus and potassium under different water management practices(Department of Agronomy, College of Agriculture, Vellayani, 1981) Jose Mathew; KAU; Madhavan Nair, K PThe study revealed tho favourable Influence of frequent irrigations on growth characters like pleat height, number of branches end loaves per plant, MI, dry matter production per pleat sad number sad dry weight of nodules par plant end through these characters, haulm yield. The yield end yield attributes also showed a significant increase at higher levels of irrigation. The highest yield of 2533 kg/ha was obtained by scheduling irrigation at 0.9 1H/GPS ratio. In general a decrease in phosphorus content could- be observed at higher levels of irrigation. Frequent irrigations helped to increase oil content, oil yield end kernel protein yield par hectare. In general, the nitrogen end potassium content in tho plant parts were less affected by irrigation. More frequent irrigations had increased nitrogen. Phosphorus and potsssium uptake by the cropThesisItem Open Access Effect of potassium, magnesium and sulphur on the yield and quality of sesamum(Department of Agronomy, College of Agriculture, Vellayani, 1981) Aipe, K C; KAU; Sadanandan, NAn experiment was conducted in the summer rice fallows of the Rice Research Station, Kayamkulam during 1930 to study the effects of three levels of potassium (0, 30 and 60 kg KgO/ha) three levels of magnesium ( 0,15 and 30 kg Kg/ha) and three levels of sulphur (0, 15 and 30 kg S/ha) on the growth, yield , oil and protein content and chemical composition and uptake of mineral, nutrients of sesamum. The field trial was laid out as a 33 factorial experiment confounding KMS in replication - 1 and KMS2 in replication -2 .ThesisItem Open Access Comparative performance of soybean(Glycine max(L.) Merrill) varities(Department of Agronomy, College of Horticulture, Vellanikkara, 1981) Pushpakumari, R; KAU; Vikraman, Nair RAn experiment was conducted in the Instructional Farm attached to the College, of Hortuculture, Vellanikkara, during the period from June 1980 to January 1981 to select soybean varieties suitable for the agroclimatic conditions of Kerala. The experiment was laid out in randomised block design with 14 varieties and three replications. The study revealed that there was no significant varietal difference in the expression of all growth characters and most of the yield contributing factors at any of the growth stages in both the seasons. But significant varietal differences in seed yield and stover yield were observed in the two seasons. The results of the experiment revealed that the varieties Bragg, JN 2750 and EC 26691 are most promising for the south west monsoon season of Kerala. The variety Monetta gave the highest protein content of 36 per cent and Bragg, Ankur and Improved Pelican respectively recorded the highest protein yield, oil content and oil yield in the south west monsoon season. The study further revealed that soybean cannot be successfully grown during north east monsoon season of Kerala without irrigation.