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ThesisItem Open Access Cause and effect analysis of in-migration of agricultural labourers(Department of Agricultural Extension, College of Agriculture, Vellayani, 1995) Bijimol Baby, K; KAU; Kishore Kumar, NThe present study entitled as ''cause and effect analysis of in-migration of agricultural labourers'' was carried out with the following objectives. (1) To study the patterns of migration of agricultural labourers. (2) To study the factors responsible for migration ie., (a) The push factors responsible for migration, and (b) The pull factors responsible for migration (3) To study the socio-psychological effects due to migration (4) To study the profile characteristics of migrated agricultural labourers. The over-riding objective is to study the patterns of in-migration of agricultural labourers by assessing the factors responsible for migration and to study the socio-psychological effects due to the migration. The study was conducted in six randomly selected panchayats (Krishi Bhavan) of the Kaduthuruthy subdivision, Kottayam district. A sample of 120 in-migrated agricultural labourers ie 20 migrant labourers under each panchayat were selected through accidental sampling procedure, formed the respondents of the study. Personal inteerview was conducted with the help of well structured and pre-tested interview schedule to collect data from the migrated agricultural labourer respondents. The profile characteristics selected were analysed and studied. The patterns of migration, factors responsible for migration and consequences of migration were also studied in detail. The results obtained by employing suitable statistical techniques were as follows. The study revealed that majority of the migrated agricultural labourers were found to have medium level of job experience, medium socio-economic status, medium level of indebtedness, medium knowledge about scientific agricultural practices, medium level knowledge about the development programmes of agricultural labourers, and medium level of innovativeness. Majority of the respondents had high level of Aspiration, high attitude towards labour-union, high economic motivation and high level of self-confidence. Most of the respondents belonged to middle age group and their purpose of indebtedness was mainly for agricultural purposes. Migration pattern-1 based on the permanency of stay and duration of residence was positively and significantly correlated with migration pattern-2 based on origin and destination of movement. Education is negatively and significantly correlated with migration pattern-1 based on permanency of stay and duration of residence. Migration pattern-2 based on the origin and destination of movement had a negative and significant correlation with migration pattern-3 based on the composition of migrants. Migration pattern-3 based on composition of migrants was positively and significantly correlated with knowledge about development of agricultural labourers and also with self-confidence. The migration pattern-3 based on composition of migrants had a negative and significant correlation with house types as well as with occupation. Migration pattern-4 based on the type of decision for migration was positively and significantly correlated with Economic motivation and also with Innovativeness. A positive and significant correlation was observed between age and consequences of migration. The major push factors responsible for migration were un-employment, low wage, indebtedness, small-holding, poverty, frustration, decline of natural resources etc. The push factors responsible for migration is positively and significantly correlated with pull factors responsible for migration, purpose of indebtedness and job experience. A negative and significant correlation was observed between Education and push Factors responsible for migration. The major pull factors responsible for migration were superior opportunity of employment and to earn higher income, better job security, preferable environment and living condition, better food, better social net-work, dependency movement etc. A positive and significant correlation was observed between pull factors responsible for migration and purpose of indebtedness. Major consequences on socio-psychological effects due to migration were social tension, high economic status, higher knowledge, labour shortage, intercast marriage, labour glut, low wage, more satisfaction etc. Majority of the respondents were of daily migrants as per migration pattern-1 based on the permanency of stay and duration of residence. Majority of respondents were of local area migrants as per migration pattern-2 based on the origin and destination of movement. Majority of respondents migrate in group and decision for migration was self- initiated. Majority of respondents migrate in group and decision for migration was self- initiated.