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ThesisItem Open Access An Economic Analysis of Agricultural Labour in Rajasthan(College of Agriculture, Swami Keshwanand Rajasthan Agricultural University, 2022) PANKAJ KUMAR MEENA; Shirish SharmaIndia is a vast country and it covers 3.287 million km2 geographical area in the world. India has comprising 28 states and 8 Union Territory. India is the world's second-most populous country, and it covers the 17.70% population comparison to the world. India has 1,210,193,422 population were reported of India (Census, 2011). Agriculture is primary sector of the Indian economy. The data provided by the census (2001) of India reveals that about 69 per cent of the total workers were engaged in agriculture and allied activities in the year 1981; while in the year 1991 the share of agriculture in total employment slightly declined to 68 per cent and nearly 70 per cent of the rural and 8 per cent of the urban households still depend on it for employment and livelihood (Bhakar et.al., 2007).ThesisItem Open Access An Economic Analysis of Farm Mechanisation in Rice Cultivation in Hanumangarh District of Rajasthan(COLLEGE OF AGRICULTURE SWAMI KESHWANAND RAJASTHAN AGRICULTURAL UNIVERSITY, BIKANER-334006, 2022) PRIYANKA; Vikram YogiThe agricultural sector plays a vital role in the Indian economy. It has boosted the service and manufacturing sectors while supplying the food and nutritional needs of an ever-increasing population. During the Green Revolution, the sector achieved self-sufficiency by using enhanced inputs such as high-yielding varieties (HYVs) and inorganic fertilizers. Since then, the industry has had a tremendous expansion. It currently has a strong global presence in the production of major food commodities such as rice, wheat, milk, sugarcane, fruits, and vegetables. Despite these amazing achievements, India’s expanding population and accompanying constraints continue to put a burden on agricultural land. The current Covid-19 crisis has created a new gap and dimension for mechanization at a faster pace.ThesisItem Open Access Study of Market for Insecticide on Maize in Narsinghpur District of Madhya Pradesh(Institute of Agri Business Management, Swami Keshwanand Rajasthan Agricultural University,, 2022) Manish Kumar Jha; Amita SharmaThe study was carried out to understand the market of insecticide on maize inNarsinghpur district of Madhya Pradesh. The present study was done by taking 100farmers as sample. Farmers were selected by using purposive sampling from studyarea.Maize is third most important cereal crop after rice and wheat in India, contributing10% of total food grain production. The yield of maize depends upon many factors liketemperature, proper irrigation facility, fertilizer management, insect pest managementetc. The objective was to study the application and competitors of insecticide forinsect- pest on maize in study area which involved 3 main methods- Dusting, sprayingand granular applications. The focussed insecticide for study was acephate (45%) andcypermethrin (5%) where primary data was collected from 12 dealers, to know themarketing mix of insecticides with competitor’s molecule. Primary data was alsocollected from farmers to ensure the application of insecticide with actualrecommended dose for getting better result.Focus of study was also to check the awareness level of insecticide of maize on studyarea. The socio-economic was collected which included land holding, education, andage, satisfaction level and adoption level of insecticide (Acephate (45%) andCypermethrin (5%). Through RBQ method it was confirmed that good quality of maizeleads to adoption of insecticides, followed by good quality produce, which they gotafter application of insecticides, followed by peer farmers response on application andgetting better response leads to adoption of insecticide.ThesisItem Open Access Impact of Paramparagat Krishi Vikas Yojna on Farmer’s Income in Sri Ganganagar District of Rajasthan(COLLEGE OF AGRICULTURE SWAMI KESHWANAND RAJASTHAN AGRICULTURAL UNIVERSITY, BIKANER, 2021) VIJENDER KUMAR; Madhu SharmaIt's undeniably true that Agriculture is the foundation of the Indian Economy. Today, India positions second worldwide in crop production. Farming and allied sectors represented 16.38 percent of the GDP in 2021 (Ministry of Statistics and Program Implementation, 2021), utilized 41.49 percent of the total labour force (Plecher, 2020) and in spite of a consistent decrease of its share in the GDP, it is as yet the biggest economical area and plays a vital role in the all-round socio-economic growth of India. After independence, India faced a serious food crisis. Therefore, the Government gave essential significance to Agricultural Sector in the First Five Year Plan to make India self-sufficient in food supply. And, after its all said and done the circumstance proceeded till the 1960's. Then, at that point the Green Revolution was introduced in the nation, because of endeavours of policy makers and agrarian researchers during mid-1960's. This programme directed towards boosting food production by modernizing agriculture and making India self-sufficient in food grains.ThesisItem Open Access Assessment of Knowledge and Adoption of Paramparagat Krishi Vikas Yojana (PKVY) among the Farmers in Bikaner District of Rajasthan(College of Agriculture, Swami Keshwanand Rajasthan Agricultural University, 2021) LAKSHEETA CHAUHAN; MANMEET KAURAgriculture with its allied sectors is undoubtedly the largest livelihood provider in our country. Most of the Indian population lives in villages and their main source of income is agriculture and its allied activities. It contributes a significant role to the Gross Domestic Product (GDP). Despite all that Indian agriculture is still the gambler of Indian monsoon. After green revolution, production increased with the help of High Yielding Varieties (HYVs) and various agro-chemicals but after some years excessive use of chemicals worsened the situation. By using excessive chemicals production increases but productivity of soil decreases. Overexploitation of natural resources leads to environmental problems and also affects human health. India ranks second in terms of population all across the world so feeding this huge population is a very challenging task for Indian farmers. Thus, maximizing crop yield to meet the growing demand for food grains is an important issue. However, increasing crop yield through excessive use of pesticides and fertilizers poses enormous threat to sustainability of agricultural productivity in the long run. So, scientists and policy makers are reassessing the agricultural practices which depend more on biological inputs instead of heavy usage of chemical fertilizers, insecticides and pesticides. Organic farming is a type of farming which provides healthy, safe and quality food without adversely harming the environment as well as soil’s health.ThesisItem Open Access An Economic Study of Ground Water Market in Sikar District of Rajasthan(College of Agriculture, Bikaner Swami Keshwanand Rajasthan Agricultural University, Bikaner-334006, 2019) SEEMA KASOTIYA; Vikram YogiWater is a critical input into agriculture in its all aspects having a determining effect on the eventual yield. India has 18 per cent of world population, but it account only 4 per cent of world‟s fresh water, out of which 80 per cent is used in agriculture. India‟s annual rainfall is around 1183 mm, out of which 75 per cent water is received in only four months of monsoon (July to September). This result in run offs during monsoon and calls for irrigation investments for rest of the year. The population of India is expected to be 1.6 billion by 2050, resultingan increased in demand for water, food and energy in both urban and rural areas. Climate change has negative impact on agricultural productivity ranging from crop selection; time of cultivation, irrigation methods etc. Ground water is a major source of irrigation in most parts of India. The growth in ground water irrigation has been considered to be the most crucialforerunner of the Green Revolution technology in the country (Chadha, 2002). Tube well technology was responsible not only for introducing new crops,cropping pattern and also for pushing up cropping intensity. Farmers was preferring ground water as they have better control over quantity and the timing of water supply to the crop (Srinivasan & Kulkarni, 2014). This results in higher yields for ground water irrigated crops when compared to surface- water-irrigated crops (Dhawan, 1995).ThesisItem Open Access India’s Agriculture Trade Potential and Performance with SAARC Nations(College of Agriculture, Swami Keshwanand Rajasthan Agricultural University, 2021) DEEPESH SHARMA; Shirish SharmaInternational trade raises a country's standard of living by allowing for higher levels of consumption and investment. Increased employment and higher wage rates as a result of international trade had a positive impact on income distribution and poverty. It is widely acknowledged that global trade plays an important role in the development of an economy (Patterkadavan, 2014). The expansion of global trade is a result of greater economic integration. Trade within the region, also known as intra-regional trade, is one of the most direct forms of regional economic cooperation. There are several advantages to intra-regional trade, including technology transfer, comparative advantage, economies of scale as a result of market expansion, and better use of entrepreneurial capabilities (Patterkadavan, 2014).ThesisItem Open Access Comparative Economics of Organic and Inorganic Wheat Farming in Rajasthan(College of Agriculture, Swami Keshwanand Rajasthan Agricultural University, 2022) DEEPAK KUMAR JAIN; Shirish SharmaIt is common knowledge that India's economy is primarily based on agriculture. In 2021, agriculture and related industries contributed 20.19 per cent of India's overall GDP (Ministry of Statistics and Programme Implementation, 2022). It remains India's largest economic sector and has a big impact on the country's overall socio- economic progress. India’s currently rank first in the world for producing milk, pulses, jute, cotton, second for producing rice, wheat, sugar, fruits, and vegetables, and third for producing tobacco (FAO,2021). The agricultural sector's direct impact on the national economy can be seen in its percentage of the GDP, its foreign exchange profits, and its ability to supply labour and savings to other industries. It is all possible due to Green Revolution but the dark side of Green Revolution, is that the Green Revolution forced Indian farmers to rely heavily on chemical pesticides and fertilisers, which reduced soil fertility and damage the environment. Crop productivity is reduced and the quality of natural resources is degraded as a result of increased usage of chemical fertilisers and pesticides.ThesisItem Open Access Economic Analysis of Rice Cultivation and Marketing in Sri Ganganagar(COLLEGE OF AGRICULTURE, SWAMI KESHWANAND RAJASTHAN AGRICULTURAL UNIVERSITY, 2020) BHARAT LAL; Rajesh SharmaRice (Oryza sativa) crop was originated in the northern region of India. There are three main types of rice cultivars, namely Indica, Japonica, and Javanica. Japonica type spread into Japan and the Javanica into Indonesia, while the Indica type spread into the Indian subcontinent. Paddy crop is a monocotyledonous angiosperm, the genus of which belongs to Oryza, contains more than 20 species, out of which only two referred as cultivated rice, Oryza glaberrima is cultivated in west africa whereas, Oryza sativa is cultivated in south-east asian countries and Japan. Rice is cultivated in tropical, subtropical and warm temperature zones. It is a semi-aquatic plant requiring abundant water for its growth. Rice recognition as a best commodity to mankind because rice is actually life, a tradition and a means of livelihood to millions of people. It is an important staple food providing 66-70 % body calorie intake to the consumers. It contains highest amount of carbohydrate (about 65-70 %), 7-8 % protein, 2-3 % fat and is a rich source of vitamins and minerals like phosphorus, manganese, iron, folic acid, thiamine and niacin.(Barah and Pandey, 2005).
