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    ArticleItemOpen Access
    Enhanced Lipid Peroxide Levels in the Erythrocytes of Calves with Haemoglobinuria
    (2001) sahoo, A; patra, R.C
    Eight 6^9 month old calves, showing clinical signs of intermittent haemoglobinuria, even after treatment with an antipiroplasmal drug (4,4-diamidinodiazoaminobenzene diaceturate), were exam- ined for oxidative damage to their erythrocytes and the presence of hemoprotozoa in blood smears. Four calves without signs of haemoglobinuria served as controls. The blood smears from three of the eight calves contained piroplasms for Theileria annulata. Irrespective of the presence of piroplasms in their blood smears, the calves with haemoglobinuria had signi¢cantly (p50.01) lower haemoglobin concentrations (Hb) and packed cell volumes (PCV). The lipid peroxide level in the erythrocytes, but not in the plasma, of calves with red urine was signi¢cantly (p50.05) higher than that for the controls. It is concluded that haemoglobinuria, irrespective of the presence of piroplasms in blood smears, is associated with oxidative stress to erythrocytes and peroxidation of polyunsaturated fatty acids of cell membrane.
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    ArticleItemOpen Access
    Blood Lead and Cadmium in Dogs from Urban India
    (2000) Swarup, D; Patra, R.C
    Concentrationosrleadandcadmiumwereestimatedin bloodsamplesor 43 healthydogsrromurbanIndia. Concentrationswere19.5 :t 2.1pg lcadJdLand0.74 :t 0.13pg cadmium/dL.whichwereconsiderablyhigherror ruraldogs. Sex.age.anddiet hadno signiricantcrrecton lead and cadmiumblood concentrations.yet male and adult dogs had higher levelsthan kmalcs andyoung dogs. The useor dogs as sentinelsror environmentQuali~ in India\Vasindicatedby this study.
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    ArticleItemOpen Access
    Industrial fluorosis in cattle and buffalo around Udaipur, India
    (2000) Patra, R.C
    Signs of dental discolouration, difficulty in mastication, bony lesions, lameness, debility and mortality in domesticated animals, reared around superphosphate fertiliser plants located approximately 15 km north of Udaipur, Rajasthan prompted us to investigate for the occurrence of fluorosis. Out of 166 animals clinically examined, the prevalence rate was 17.4% 4r23. in calves below 1 year of age, 37.2% 16r43. in cattle between 1 and 3 years, 61.3% 46r75. in cattle above 3 years and 72% 18r25. in buffalo above 1 year. Dental fluorosis was common in buffalo compared to cattle of all the age groups. Fluoride levels in fodder and water, consumed by the animals were much higher than the recommended permissible limit. Mean fluoride concentrations in serum and urine were 1.53"1.27 and 26.4"6.17 mg ly1 in calves below 1 year of age, 0.56"0.17 and 26.2"3.86 mg ly1 in cattle of 1]3 years, 0.49"1.13 and 27.5"4.63 mg ly1 in cattle above 3 years and 0.60"0.07 and 28.6"4.73 mg ly1 in buffalo over 1 year, respectively. The values were significantly P-0.01. higher than those of control animals kept over a 15-km distance from the factories. Fluoride concentrations in the environmental sample collected from the affected locality were 534.4"74.9 mg kgy1 in fodder, 1.19"0.29 mg ly1 in pond water and 0.479"0.351 mg ly1 in tube well water. It was concluded that the consumption of fodder and water contaminated by the fumes and dusts emitting from superphosphate fertiliser plants resulted in the development of chronic fluorotic lesions in cattle and buffalo. Q 2000 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.