Browsing by Author "Vinita"
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ThesisItem Open Access Development of Whole wheat flour muffins fortified with Flaxseed and shatavari.(Department of Dairy Science and Food Technology Institute of Agricultural Sciences Banaras Hindu University Varanasi, 2021) Vinita; ArvindFlaxseed consumption is linked to several potential health benefits. Flaxseed is well- known for the content of chemical compounds with specific biological activity and functional properties polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) omega-3 family, soluble dietary fibres, lignans, proteins and carbohydrates. However, it is constituted by few levels of adverse health compound such as Cadmium, protease inhibitors and cyanogenic compounds. Shatavari is a medicinal herb. A.racemosus consist of a diverse range of molecules in which major constitution is steroids saponins. Shatavari has antioxidant properties, antidepressant activity, diuretic activity, antiseptic effect,antitussive effect and many more medicinal plant. Whole wheat flour is a great source of fibres, minerals and antioxidants that are important for human health. Phenolic acids are a specific class of wheat bran components that may act as antioxidant to prevent heart disease and to lower the incidence of colon cancer.ThesisItem Open Access Effect of cooking on antioxidant activity in commonly consumed foods(CCSHAU, 2018) Vinita; Punia, DarshanThe present investigation was conducted to evaluate the antioxidant activity of commonly consumed foods and effect of cooking on their antioxidant activity. The results of the study indicated that the total phenolics and flavonoids of cereals ranged from 30.07 to 116.66 GAE mg/100g and 17.74 to 88.88 mg RE/100g, respectively. Ferric Reducing Antioxidant Power (FRAP) and DPPH radical scavenging activity ranged from 161.59 to 760.42 mg TE/100g and 23.11 to 81.29 mg TE/100g, respectively. Boiling and pressure cooking brought about significant (p≤ 0.05) decrease in antioxidant activity of cereals except maize. Total phenolics and flavonoids of pulses ranged from 33.09 to 99.57 GAE mg/100g and 21.16 to 65.73 mg RE/100g, respectively. Ferric Reducing Antioxidant Power (FRAP) and DPPH radical scavenging activity ranged from 97.20 to 394.83 mg TE/100g and 21.08 to 107.14 mg TE/100g, respectively. Among pulses studied kidney bean had highest antioxidant activity. Antioxidant activity of most of the pulses was decreased upon boiling and pressure cooking. Total phenolics and flavonoids of green leafy vegetables ranged from 39.90 to 733.09 GAE mg/100g and 26.09 to 238.42 mg RE/100g, respectively. Ferric Reducing Antioxidant Power (FRAP) and DPPH radical scavenging activity ranged from 131.03 to 2053.75 mg TE/100g and 10.89 to 143.68 mg TE/100g, respectively. Among green leafy vegetables mint had highest antioxidant activity. Boiling and pressure cooking caused both positive and negative effect on antioxidant activity of green leafy vegetables. Total phenolics and flavonoids of other vegetables ranged from 13.53 to 50.92 GAE mg/100g and 0.94 to 37.17 mg RE/100g, respectively. Ferric Reducing Antioxidant Power (FRAP) and DPPH radical scavenging activity ranged from 53.23 to 190.96 mg TE/100g and 6.65 to 50.72 mg TE/100g, respectively. Boiling and pressure cooking caused both positive and negative effect on antioxidant activity of other vegetables. Total phenolics and flavonoids of roots and tubers ranged from 14.21 to 89.74 GAE mg/100g and 0.95 to 81.94 mg RE/100g, respectively. Ferric Reducing Antioxidant Power (FRAP) and DPPH radical scavenging activity ranged from 36.43 to 659.38 mg TE/100g and -42.67 to 33.15 mg TE/100g, respectively. Boiling and pressure cooking caused both positive and negative effect on antioxidant activity of roots and tubers. Out of the fruits analysed for antioxidant capacity, it was found that aonla had highest total phenolics (1654 mg GAE,100g), total flavonoids (512.49 mg RE/100g), ferric reducing antioxidant power (23055 mg TE/100g) and radical scavenging activity (6322.36 mg RE/100g) and Vitamin C (400.77 mg/100g). β- Carotene content was highest in mango (2210.99 μg/100g). Vitamin C and β- Carotene content of green leafy vegetables ranged from 39.46 to 148.07 mg/100g and 2053.33 to 4625.33 μg/100g, respectively.ThesisItem Open Access Effect Of Yoga On Mental Health Of A Senior Citizens : A Comparative Study Kanpur District of U.P.(2024-02-09) Vinita; Dr Mukta GaragThesisItem Open Access Impact of high temperature stress on cauliflower: Field and simulation modeling study(CENTRE FOR ENVIRONMENT SCIENCE AND CLIMATE RESILIENT AGRICULTURE ICAR-INDIAN AGRICULTURAL RESEARCH INSTITUTE NEW DELHI-, 2019) Vinita; S. Naresh KumarIndia is the third largest producer of cauliflower with a productivity of 18.85 Mg ha-1. It is very nutritious crop with significant health benefits and is grown year round. But it is very sensitive to temperature changes leading to low productivity and poor quality. Hence, it is important to find optimal management condition to step up the production of cauliflower. The quantified information on temperature effects on growth, development and yield of cauliflower is needed not only for calibrating simulation models that are increasingly used as decision support systems for managing agriculture in changing climates, but also for varietal development. Applicability of available models for cauliflower in Indian conditions is limited because they are developed mainly for temperate regions and for cultivars grown there. Thus, the present study was conductedto i) quantify the growth, development, yield and physiological response of cauliflower to temperature stress and to ii) simulate the impact of temperature stress on cauliflower using a dynamic simulation model in current and future climates. To meet these objectives, a field experiment was conducted during the winter season (October-December) of 2018. Cauliflower cultivars, PusaSharad, Pusa Hybrid 2 and PusaAshwini were subjected to six treatments viz., i) ambient temperature, ii) high temperature (~2 oC above ambient) from planting to curd initiation iii) high temperature (~2 oC above ambient) during curd development phase iv) plants grown in temperature tunnels from transplanting to harvest at ~1.5oC, v) ~2.0oC, and vi) ~3.0oC higher than ambientin three replications in a total of 54 plots that were maintained in open field as well as in temperature gradient tunnels. Results indicated that high temperatures delayed curd initiation without affecting the curd yield. However, high temperature during curd development phase alone resulted in premature bolting of curds causing decrease in curd yield.High temperature during juvenile phase caused stem elongation, increased stem dry weight while it reduced leaf area and leaf dry weight.High temperatures coinciding curd development phase enhanced leaf area index, water use efficiency andcurd nitrogen content, but reduced the stem and total dry matter and the curd yield, though the harvest index is high. Plants exposed to high temperature for entire growth period had higher water use efficiency; leaf, stem and above ground dry matter while the plants grown in ambient condition had higher photosynthetic rate and marketable curd yield. Among the cultivars, Pusa Hybrid 2 had maximum dry matter at harvest, net and marketable curd yield followed by PusaSharad and PusaAshwini. Cauliflower model was calibrated for three cultivars and it could simulate their response to temperature changes at various stages of growth in terms of phenology (root mean squared error- RMSE- 3 days; agreement index-AI- 0.89 to 0.91), leaf area index (RMSE 0.58; AI 0.83), dry matter production and partitioning into various plant parts (RMSE 172 to 430 kg ha-1; AI 0.7 to 0.83), net and marketable curd yield (RMSE of 2.27 and 4.32 Mg ha-1, AI -0.66 and 0.63) with acceptable levels accuracy. The calibrated model was used to run simulations to assess the climate change impacts on October planted cauliflower in Delhi and West Bengal regions. The analysis on three cultivars indicated that all of them are projected to gain yield and PusaAshwini may gain more than the other two cultivars in Representative Concentration Pathway 4.5 2020 (2010- 2039) climate scenario. However, in both these regions the inter-annual variability is projected increase for net curd dry yield as well as for marketable curd yield of October planted cauliflower under the climate scenario considered.From the study it is concluded that high temperature stress during curd development is more deleterious to cauliflower yield. Pusa Hybrid 2 is more suitable for changing climatic conditions as it out performed other two cultivars when exposed to high temperature stress(28- 30/11-14 oC). PusaSharad can withstand the high temperature stress during juvenile phase. Cauliflower model could stimulate the growth, development and yield with acceptable level of accuracy and can be used for application after more validation. Keywords : Impact, simulation, modelling, calibratedThesisItem Open Access In Vitro Response of Pea (Pisum sativum L.) Genotypes to Sodium Chloride(College of Basic Sciences and Humanities Chaudhary Charan Singh Haryana Agricultural University Hisar, 2001) Vinita; Babber, SThesisItem Open Access Nutritional evaluation of date fruit and development of products(CCSHAU, 2014) Vinita; Punia, DarshanThe present investigation was conducted to evaluate the nutrient composition of four varieties of date fruit and seed of date fruit. The date fruit and seed were used for the development of various products. The results of the study indicated that the variety Shamran had highest protein (2.77%) content and the variety Medjool the lowest (1.88%). Fat and crude Fiber contents of date fruit varieties ranged from 0.17 to 0.50% and 1.71 to 2.22%, respectively. The variety Medjool had lowest amount of total soluble sugars (67.49g/100g) and reducing sugar (61.31g/100g). All the varieties of date fruit differed non-significantly among themselves for their non- reducing sugar content.The variety Khadrawi had the highest amount of starch content. Total dietary fiber (11.70g/100g) and soluble dietary fiber (3.34g/100g) were highest in variety Hillawi. All the four varieties of date fruit differed significantly from each other for their total dietary fiber content and soluble dietary fiber content.The varieties Khadrawi (8.46%), Hillawi (8.35%) and Shamran (7.94%) had significantly (p≤ 0.05) higher insoluble dietary fiber as compared to variety Medjool (4.25%). The variety Shamran had highest amount of calcium (195.33mg/100g) and zinc (1.81mg/100g). The variety Medjool contained lowest amount of calcium (70.33mg/100g), iron (1.91mg/100g) and potassium (713mg/100g) while the highest amount of phosphorus (52.66mg/100g). A non-significant (p≤0.05) difference was observed in magnesium content of all the varieties. The variety Shamran contained the maximum (253.21mg/100g) amount of polyphenol whereas the variety Hillawi contained minimum (228.79mg/100g) amount of polyphenol. Crude protein (5.59%) and crude fiber (16.97%) content was highest in seed of Khadrawi variety whereas fat (9.19%) content was highest in Hillawi variety. Total soluble sugars (10.40%), reducing sugars (7.73%) and starch (36.90%) were highest in variety Hillawi (17.46%) whereas lowest in variety Medjool. A non-significant difference in non-reducing sugar content in seed of all the varieties was observed. Seeds from all the varieties differed non-significantly for their total dietary Fiber, soluble dietary Fiber and insoluble dietary fiber. Phosphorus (121.33 mg/100g) and iron (1.83 mg/100g) content was highest in seeds from Medjool variety whereas zinc content was highest (1.49mg/100g) in seeds from Hillawi variety. A non-significant difference in calcium, potassium and magnesium content in seeds from all the varieties was observed. The variety Shamran contained the maximum (3065.00mg/100g) amount of polyphenol whereas the variety Medjool contained minimum (2620.33mg/100g) amount of polyphenol. Three products namely cake, spread and chutney were prepared using all the varieties of date fruit. All the prepared products were organoleptically acceptable. Sev, biscuit and churan were prepared using seed powder of date fruit. All the prepared products using 5% seed powder were organoleptically acceptable.ThesisItem Open Access Screening And Induction Of Cadmium Tolerance In Pea ( Pisum Sativum L.)(Chaudhary Charan Singh Haryana Agricultural University; Hisar, 2005) Vinita; Dhingra, H.R.ThesisItem Open Access A study on two-sex population model with varying growth rates(CCSHAU, 2008) Vinita; Batra, S.D.The model of Lewis and Leslie (1945, 1948) has been extensively used for the study of population growth in various fields. However, complex growth structures require the use of more general models. The model of Kapur (1979) allows harvesting in the system, is an initial step to move in this direction. However, the need is being felt to develop more general models considering the effect of variable growth rates along with harvesting on the reproductive structure of living organisms. In the present work, a two-sex age-dependent population growth model is proposed where birth, death and harvest rates of viii males and females are the functions of three population groups viz. pre-reproductive, more-reproductive and less-reproductive. A population growth model has been developed with different birth, death, harvesting and migration rates of three age groups of males and females. The model is useful for projection of cattle population in different age groups. Emotions for growth, extinction and stability of the population have also been derived. The model has been applied on the crossbred cattle population by taking 11 years data (1995-2005) collected from Department of Animal breeding, CCS HAU, Hisar. The projected population of males and females in three age groups have also been found after testing the validity of model. A uniform harvesting rate have also been derived for stable population structure observed and projected population structure for males and females of three age groups with given harvesting rate as well as uniform harvesting rate have also been shown graphically.