Browsing by Author "Vikrant"
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ThesisItem Open Access Effect Of Farmyard Manure And Phosphorus Levels On Production Potential Of Moongbean (Vigna Radiata (L) Wilezek) And Cowpeas (Vigna Unguiculata (L) Walp)(Chaudhary Charan Singh Haryana Agricultural University;Hisar, 2002) Vikrant; Singh, B. P.ThesisItem Restricted Effect of supplemental foliar application of potassium on yield and fruit quality of winter guava (Psidium guajava L.)(Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana, 2019) Vikrant; Arora, N.K.The present investigations entitled „Effect of supplemental foliar application of potassium on yield and fruit quality of winter guava (Psidium guajava L.)‟ was carried out at Fruit Research Farm and PG Laboratory, Department of Fruit Science, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana and at the Regional Fruit Research Station, Bahadurgarh during the year 2017-18. At Ludhiana experiment was conducted on 5-years-old-tree of guava cv. L-49 and at Bahadurgarh experiment was conducted on 8-years-old-tree of guava cv. Shweta. The trees were sprayed with various doses of KNO3 and K2SO4 (1.0 %, 2.0 % & 3.0 %) during the first week of August, September and October. Maximum per cent increase in tree height (9.42 % in L-49 and 9.36 % in Shweta) and canopy volume (20.34 % in L-49 and 19.99 % in Shweta) was observed with three sprays of KNO3 @ 3 per cent. Likewise higher shoot length (36.05 cm in L-49 and 34.62 cm in Shweta) was recorded in treatment (T6) i.e three sprays of KNO3 @ 3 per cent as compared to control. The foliar application of KNO3 @ 3 per cent thrice had significantly higher fruit weight (224.13 g in L-49 and 230.13 g in Shweta), fruit size i.e fruit length (8.1 cm in L-49 and 8.1 cm in Shweta) and fruit breadth (7.2 cm in L-49 and 7.3 cm in Shweta) and yield (59.17 kg in L-49 and 48.90 kg in Shweta) which was statistically at par with treatment (T12) in which three superimposed foliar application of K2SO4 was given at monthly interval. Whereas, fruit firmness (6.47 kg/cm2 in L-49 and 6.53 kg/cm2 in Shweta) was observed higher in trees sprayed with KNO3 @ 3 per cent twice. Fruit colour was measured with hunter colour lab and value of „l‟, „a‟ & „b‟ were recorded. Foliar application of K2SO4 @ 1 per cent twice showed improvement in fruit colour as compared to other treatments. Fruit quality characteristics viz. Total soluble solids content (TSS), TSS/acid ratio and total sugars were also enhanced with two and three superimposed sprays of potassium over untreated trees however fruit acidity was not affected significantly by potassium salts. Leaf N and K contents were significantly higher with foliar sprays of KNO3 and K2SO4 over control. Higher shelf life was observed with three foliar application of KNO3 @ 3 per cent and parameters viz. Physiological loss in weight, TSS, Acidity, Fruit Firmness, organolaptic score and fruit colour were significantly improved with potassium salts. The three spray of KNO3 at 3 per cent was found to be the best in terms of improving fruit yield and production of good quality fruits with longer shelf life.ThesisItem Open Access Estimation of Losses in Blackgram Due to Insect Pests(MPUAT, Udaipur, 2013) Vikrant; Swaminathan, R.A field trial on, “Estimation of losses in blackgram due to insect pests” was carried out at the Instructional Farm, Rajasthan College of Agriculture, MPUAT, Udaipur during kharif 2012 with the objectives of recording the qualitative and quantitative abundance of insect pests infesting blackgram; quantifying the associated natural enemies; and estimating the losses caused by major insect pests at different stages of crop growth. Jassids, aphids, whiteflies and thrips were the major sap sucking insect pests; while, blister beetle and the spotted pod borer were recorded during the post flowering stage. The sucking pest infestation began in August and their numerical abundance peaked during September with 16.50 jassids per plant in sole blackgram and 17.25 jassids per plant when blackgram was farmscaped with niger; in a respective manner the numbers of whiteflies per plant were 26.50 and 24.75 on blackgram sole and blackgram with niger; 19.65 and 19.05 thrips per plant in blackgram sole and blackgram with niger and likewise, 43.50 and 37.0 aphids per plant, respectively during the last week of September. The maximum mean population of blister beetle was 2.75 per plant in the sole crop of blackgram and 2.50 per plant in blackgram with niger. The pod borer infestation was in traces. The mean density values were the maximum for aphids on blackgram during the crop season irrespective of whether blackgram was cultivated sole or with niger as barrier crop for blister beetles. Natural enemies included coccinellids, the big-eyed predatory bug, syrphid flies and spiders that were relatively more when blackgram was cultivated with niger. The estimated avoidable loss due to insect pest infestation in blackgram was 55.20 per cent when sole crop of blackgram was exposed to insect infestation; 21.13 per cent when blackgram was farmscaped with niger (in a 3: 1 ratio) and exposed to insect infestation; 17.90 per cent when the vegetative stage of the crop (pre-flowering) was protected, but post flowering stage had access to insect infestation; 2.25 per cent when only reproductive stage of the crop (post flowering) was protected, but the vegetative stage was unprotected and had access to insect infestation.